COMBINED CARIES AND GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX DISEASE.

Caries and its complications take the leading role in the development of gastrointestinal diseases in young people. Gastroesophageal reflux disease is one of the most common diseases of the digestive tract. An important role among the components of the immune defense of the oral cavity belongs to non-specific humoral factors produced by various cells that act in a complex, which increases the final effect of protection. Aim of the study - to determine the indices of local immunity in patients who had combined dental pathology (caries) and gastroesophageal reflux disease. In total were exanimated 33 patients with dental caries in age from 18 to 25 years, including 21 men and 12 women. The main group consisted of 17 patients who had a combined dental pathology (caries) and gastroesophageal reflux disease. The comparison group consisted of 16 people who had dental caries without other systemic diseases.  All patients, who were included in the study was carried out the following researches: a study of the dental status, an immunological study for all patients with the determination of a quantitative assessment of the main populations and subpopulations of lymphocytes, determination of their functional activity, determination of level of serum immunoglobulins, determination of the concentration of circulating immune complexes of various molecular sizes, phagocytic activity of neutrophils and cytokine status in serum and oral fluid, as well as assessment of the course of gastroesophageal reflux disease with questionnaires. The results of the values of the resistance of hard tissues to the effects of cariogenic factors had a high positive correlation with the intensity of dental caries lesions. That confirms the presence of a relationship between manifestations of systemic diseases together with the development of dental caries, especially against the background of a decrease in caries resistance. In the presence of gastroesophageal reflux disease in patients dental caries detected spontaneous activation of lymphocyte proliferation by 25.8%, an increasing of the phagocytic activity of neutrophils, detected significantly higher indicators of the phagocytic number and phagocytic index, increased content of medium and small molecular circulating immune complexes with pathogenic properties. Detected significantly higher content of pro-inflammatory cytokines - tumor necrosis factor-α, an increased concentration of IgG as a result of antigenic stimulation, and also a significantly lower concentration of secretory IgA. It has been established that in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease combined with dental caries observing changes in the immune system, which bear the features of subclinical immune inflammation. The study revealed a higher intensity of the carious process in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease, which is associated with permanent acid damage of the oral mucosa. Furthermore, it was found violation in terms of concentration with increasing local immunity oral liquid proinflammatory factors and a reduced concentration of secretory IgA namely with concomitant pathologies of the gastroesophageal reflux disease.

CLINICAL RATIONALE OF CHOOSING A TOOTH-BLEACHING AGENT.

The aim - to study the efficiency of correction of hard tooth tissues discoloration. The study was conducted on 135 patients with tooth discoloration. Clinical - complex examination of patients with determination of hard tooth tissues color (Vіta scale), indexes of individual oral hygiene, intensity and prevalence of gums inflammation for the study of efficiency of the applied medical and preventive complexes of correction of hard tooth tissues discoloration depending on a clinical situation; statistical - for determination of authenticity of differences of the results. Patients of O-1 group, who used abrasive bleaching toothpastes, during the initial examination, had a poor oral hygiene. In patients O-2 group, who used peroxide containing bleaching toothpastes, during examination of 420 teeth hard tooth tissues discoloration were noted in 187 (44.53%) patients teeth. Patients O-3 group, who used enzyme containing bleaching toothpastes, during the initial examination had hard tooth tissues discoloration in 198 (47.14%) tooth. The proposed algorithms for whitening with usage of oral hygiene facilities tested positive. However, obtained in the long-term observation results showed that the most pronounced bleaching effect with enzyme containing toothpaste. Studies had shown the most pronounced efficacy of enzyme containing whitening toothpaste in the complex treatment and prevention of correction of hard tooth tissues discoloration compared to other whitening toothpastes.

INDICATORS OF LOCAL IMMUNITY IN THE COMORBID COURSE OF CARIES AND GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX DISEASE.

Aim of the study -to determine the indices of local immunity in patients who had combined dental pathology (caries) and gastroesophageal reflux disease. In total were exanimated 33 patients with dental caries in age from 18 to 25 years, including 21 men and 12 women. The main group consisted of 17 patients who had a combined dental pathology (caries) and gastroesophageal reflux disease. The comparison group consisted of 16 people who had dental caries without other systemic diseases.  All patients, who were included in the study was carried out the following researches: a study of the dental status, an immunological study for all patients with the determination of a quantitative assessment of the main populations and subpopulations of lymphocytes, determination of their functional activity, determination of level of serum immunoglobulins, determination of the concentration of circulating immune complexes of various molecular sizes, phagocytic activity of neutrophils and cytokine status in serum and oral fluid, as well as assessment of the course of gastroesophageal reflux disease with questionnaires. The results of the values of the resistance of hard tissues to the effects of cariogenic factors had a high positive correlation with the intensity of dental caries lesions. That confirms the presence of a relationship between manifestations of systemic diseases together with the development of dental caries, especially against the background of a decrease in caries resistance. In the presence of gastroesophageal reflux disease in patients dental caries detected spontaneous activation of lymphocyte proliferation by 25.8%, an increasing of the phagocytic activity of neutrophils, detected significantly higher indicators of the phagocytic number and phagocytic index, increased content of medium and small molecular circulating immune complexes with pathogenic properties. Detected significantly higher content of pro-inflammatory cytokines - tumor necrosis factor-α, an increased concentration of IgG as a result of antigenic stimulation, and also a significantly lower concentration of secretory IgA. It has been established that in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease combined with dental caries observing changes in the immune system, which bear the features of subclinical immune inflammation. The study revealed a higher intensity of the carious process in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease, which is associated with permanent acid damage of the oral mucosa. Furthermore, it was found violation in terms of concentration with increasing local immunity oral liquid proinflammatory factors and a reduced concentration of secretory IgA namely with concomitant pathologies of the gastroesophageal reflux disease.

NEAREST RESULTS OF TREATMENT OF EXACERBATED GENERALIZED PERIODONTITIS IN PATIENTS WITH MANIFESTATIONS OF PSYCHOEMOTIONAL STRESS.

To date, the common etiological factor of periodontal disease is periodontopathogenic microflora. In the case of favorable circumstances (the presence of systemic diseases, reduced general or local resistance), it multiplies rapidly and causes periodontal disease: gingivitis or periodontitis. Among these systemic lesions, psychological stress occupies a significant place. This should be taken into account in the complex treatment of patients with generalized periodontitis. In view of this, a drug regimen for the preparation of patients with generalized periodontitis of exacerbative course with the presence of psychoemotional stress with the use of a modified complex of adrenoblockers.Aim of the study: to determine the nearest results of clinical efficacy of the modified proposed complex of adrenoblockers in the complex treatment of patients with generalized periodontitis of exacerbative course in the presence of psychoemotional stress.This clinical study was conducted in a groupof 70 patients with generalized periodontitis of I-II stage, exacerbative course and manifestations of psychological stress. Drug treatment was performed using a modified proposed premedication complex adrenoblockers. A comprehensive examination of the periodontal tissues of patients before and after treatment was performed. To assess the clinical effectiveness of treatment used Schiller-Pisarev test, PMA index by C. Parma (1961), hygienic index OHI-S (J.C. Green, J.R. Vermillion, 1964), PBI index (H.R. Mühlemann, S.Son, 1971), periodontal index PI (A.L. Russel, 1956). The level of psychological stress was assessed using questionnaires DASS-21 and Spielberger-Khanin.It was found that the inclusion of the proposed modified premedication complex adrenoblockers in the complex therapy of patients with generalized periodontitis of exacerbative course with manifestations of psychoemotional stress can effectively suppress the dystrophic-inflammatory process in periodontal tissues. This confirms the decrease in the indices of PMA, OHI-S, PBI, PI in the near future.The use of the proposed modified premedication with a complex of adrenoblockers can increase the effectiveness of treatment of patients with generalized periodontitis of exacerbative course with manifestations of psychoemotional stress.

BIOACTIVE GLASS-CERAMIC COMPOSITION IN SURGICAL MANAGEMENT OF PERIODONTAL INTRABONY DEFECTS.

It has been earlier proposed a novel graft on basis of bioactive glass-ceramics for infected bony defects, where silver and copper ions are represented as antibacterial agents. The objective was to investigate clinical and radiological efficacy of the bioactive glass-ceramic composition (BGCC) as bone substitute material for periodontal intrabony defects surgery. In a group of 47 patients with periodontitis was conducted controlled clinical study of the proposed composition. As a control in 24 patients it has been used deproteinized bovine bone mineral (DBBM) with collagen membrane. Such parameters as pocket probing depth (PPD), clinical attachment level (CAL), gingival recession, the early wound-healing index (EHI), hygienic and gingival indices, radiological bone density were used for evaluation surgical outcomes. Guided tissue regeneration was carried out in 56 intrabony defects. A year after surgery it has been determined almost the same significant (p<0.05) decrease PPD to 53.5% in the BGCC group and to 45.7% in the DBBM group, CAL gain to 30.4% in the BGCC group and to 28.0% in the DBBM group. Intrabony defects were bone filled to 27.5% and to 30.1% respectively with no significant differences for comparison groups. However, it was noted the advantage of significant increasing bone density in treated sites with BGCC (p<0.05). It also has shown a tendency to decrease discomfort for patients and to improve wound healing in postsurgical period according to the EHI in the same group. The using of BGCC with collagen membrane leads to significant reduction in probing depth, clinical attachment level gain, raises bone density profile. However, further long-term clinical studies with histological evaluation are necessary.

Application of PERALS™ alpha spectrometry and gamma spectrometry for analysis and investigation of environmental spills at ISL uranium mining projects.

Radiation protection and environmental monitoring in mining requires effective and reliable radionuclide analysis at all stages of the mine project-prior to mining, during operation and through to remediation and decommissioning. The approach presented in this paper was specially developed for the monitoring of radioactive waste resulting from spills during mining and mineral processing operations and uses a combination of high resolution gamma spectrometry, and PERALS™ alpha spectrometry to identify and reliably quantify the activity of the major members of the U-238 decay chain at activities down to 10 mBq g(-1) by direct radionuclide counting and by assessment of the activity of their decay products. This approach has reduced sample preparation and analysis time while providing effective analysis and quantification of naturally occurring radionuclides in environmental samples. It has been successfully applied to several in situ leach (ISL) mining-related projects involving investigations of process material spill impacts and also to routine environmental monitoring.

Double-hadron leptoproduction in the nuclear medium.

The first measurements of double-hadron production in deep-inelastic scattering within the nuclear medium were made with the HERMES spectrometer at DESY HERA using a 27.6 GeV positron beam. By comparing data for deuterium, nitrogen, krypton, and xenon nuclei, the influence of the nuclear medium on the ratio of double-hadron to single-hadron yields was investigated. Nuclear effects on the additional hadron are clearly observed, but with little or no difference among nitrogen, krypton, or xenon, and with smaller magnitude than effects seen on previously measured single-hadron multiplicities. The data are compared with models based on partonic energy loss or prehadronic scattering and with a model based on a purely absorptive treatment of the final-state interactions. Thus, the double-hadron ratio provides an additional tool for studying modifications of hadronization in nuclear matter.

Measurement of the tensor structure function b1 of the deuteron.

The Hermes experiment has investigated the tensor spin structure of the deuteron using the 27.6 GeV/c positron beam of DESY HERA. The use of a tensor-polarized deuteron gas target with only a negligible residual vector polarization enabled the first measurement of the tensor asymmetry A(d)zz and the tensor structure function b(d)1 for average values of the Bjorken variable 0.01< <0.45 and of the negative of the squared four-momentum transfer 0.5 GeV2 < <5 GeV2. The quantities A(d)zz and b(d)1 are found to be nonzero. The rise of b(d)1 for decreasing values of x can be interpreted to originate from the same mechanism that leads to nuclear shadowing in unpolarized scattering.

Single-spin asymmetries in semi-inclusive deep-inelastic scattering on a transversely polarized hydrogen target.

Single-spin asymmetries for semi-inclusive electroproduction of charged pions in deep-inelastic scattering of positrons are measured for the first time with transverse target polarization. The asymmetry depends on the azimuthal angles of both the pion (phi) and the target spin axis (phi(S)) about the virtual-photon direction and relative to the lepton scattering plane. The extracted Fourier component sin((phi+phi(S))(pi)(UT) is a signal of the previously unmeasured quark transversity distribution, in conjunction with the Collins fragmentation function, also unknown. The component sin((phi-phi(S)(pi)(UT) arises from a correlation between the transverse polarization of the target nucleon and the intrinsic transverse momentum of quarks, as represented by the previously unmeasured Sivers distribution function. Evidence for both signals is observed, but the Sivers asymmetry may be affected by exclusive vector meson production.

[The use of sorption therapy in the combined treatment of exudative erythema multiforme]. / Zastosuvannia sorbtsiinoï terapiï u kompleksnomu likuvanni bahatoformnoï eksudatyvnoï erytemy.

Polymethylsiloxan, a sorbent, was used in combination with enterosorption with thermal alkaline mineral water in a complex treatment of patients (n = 37) with multiform exudative erythema. During the 45-min therapeutic session the sorbent-applicator was changed three times. The above therapy makes for rapid healing of erosions, reduces treatment time periods, prevents recurrences irrespective of the causative factors of inductors of the disease under study.

[The effect of a combined transplant on reparative osteogenesis in experimental defects of the jaw (the late results)]. / Vplyv kombinovanoho transplantatu na reparatyvnyi osteohenez eksperymental'nykh defektiv kistky shcheleni (viddaleni sposterezhennia).

Morphological changes were studied in experimental defects of lower jawbone under a long-term exposure (30 to 60 days) to a composite transplant. In experimental neoplasia defects, the osseous tissue has been shown to get matured and differentiated sooner than in controls. Both the edges of the defect and its centre showed the same rate of formation of the bone trabecular structure.

[The effect of a combined transplant on reparative osteogenesis in experimental bone defects of the jaw (the immediate results)]. / Vplyv kombinovanoho transplantatu na reparatyvnyi osteohenez eksperymental'nykh defektiv kistky shchelepy (naiblyzhchi sposterezhennia).

A combined transplant consisting of bone flour plus the sorption-antimicrobial complex polymethylsiloxane + furazolidone + metronidazole is proposed to be grafted into the bone periodontal pockets in patients with generalized parodontitis. Effects were studied of the above transplant on the experimental defects of the lower jaw--of albino rats (n = 36). Morphologic changes in the immediate periods of follow-up (at day 7, 14, and 21) were characterized by a poorly manifest and short-term reactive inflammatory process in the paratransplant tissues as well as by an earlier development of the osteoid tissue and early formation of the bone regenerate.