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1.
Genet Mol Res ; 15(3)2016 Sep 23.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27706760

RESUMO

Currently, one of the acclaimed alternatives for increasing maize yield is accomplished through utilization of heterosis in hybrid cultivars. However, upon performing crosses between related pairs, there are losses due to inbreeding depression. Thus, the aim of this study was to estimate inbreeding depression and the contribution of loci in heterozygosity in different types of maize hybrids. Eight treatments were evaluated, considering the F1 and S0 generations of four commercial hybrids. A randomized block experimental design was used, with three replications, and plots consisting of two three-meter long rows at a spacing of 0.50 m. The traits evaluated were plant height, first ear height and husked ear weight. For ear weight trait, there was a significant difference, where the treatments could be classified into three distinct groups. In this case, the single-cross hybrids AG7088 and 30F90Y exhibited greater depression through inbreeding due to the greater contribution of loci in heterozygosity and consequent predominance of deviations due to dominance.


Assuntos
Cruzamentos Genéticos , Hibridização Genética , Depressão por Endogamia/genética , Zea mays/genética , Loci Gênicos , Heterozigoto , Solo , Zea mays/anatomia & histologia
2.
Genet Mol Res ; 15(2)2016 Apr 25.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27173225

RESUMO

The aim of this study was to verify the adaptability and stability of soybean cultivars with regards to yield and oil content. Data of soybean yield and oil content were used from experiments set up in six environments in the 2011/12 and 2012/13 crop seasons in the municipalities of Patos de Minas, Uberaba, Lavras, and São Gotardo, Minas Gerais, Brazil, testing 36 commercial soybean cultivars of both conventional and transgenic varieties. The Wricke method and GGE biplot analysis were used to evaluate adaptability and stability of these cultivars. Large variations were observed in grain yield in relation to the different environments studied, showing that these materials are adaptable. The cultivars exhibited significant differences in oil content. The cultivars BRSGO204 (Goiânia) and BRSMG (Garantia) exhibited the greatest average grain yield in the different environments studied, and the cultivar BRSMG 760 SRR had the greatest oil content among the cultivars evaluated. Ecovalence was adopted to identify the most stable cultivars, and the estimates were nearly uniform both for grain yield and oil content, showing a variation of 0.07 and 0.01%, respectively. The GGE biplot was efficient at identifying cultivars with high adaptability and phenotype stability.


Assuntos
Grão Comestível/genética , Glycine max/genética , Óleos de Plantas/metabolismo , Adaptação Fisiológica/genética , Brasil , Grão Comestível/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Meio Ambiente , Genótipo , Estações do Ano , Glycine max/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Glycine max/metabolismo
3.
Genet Mol Res ; 14(4): 17384-90, 2015 Dec 21.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26782379

RESUMO

Despite the benefits of crop rotation, occurrence of nematodes is a common problem for almost all crops within the Cerrado biome, especially for rice. The use of resistant cultivars is one of the main methods for control of nematodes. Thus, the present study aimed to evaluate the reaction of 36 upland-rice lines, with desirable agronomic characteristics, according to their resistance to root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne incognita). The experimental design was entirely randomized with four replications. Each plot of land consisted of two rice plants in a 3-L vase. The plants were inoculated with 1000 eggs and eventual juveniles of the respective nematodes. Fifty-five days after the inoculation, the roots and the aerial part of the plant were weighed and the egg mass (EM) as well as the reproduction factor (Rf) were estimated. It was determined that the isolated use of EM was not beneficial in selecting rice lines resistant to the root-knot nematode. This procedure must, therefore, take into account the egg counting and the Rf, in order to improve the reliability of the selection. In our study, 30 evaluated lines were observed to be resistant. Among the recommended cultivars, only BRS Monarca had its performance susceptible to the studied nematode species.


Assuntos
Resistência à Doença , Oryza/parasitologia , Doenças das Plantas/parasitologia , Tylenchoidea/patogenicidade , Animais , Produtos Agrícolas , Interações Hospedeiro-Parasita/fisiologia , Oryza/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Doenças das Plantas/genética , Raízes de Plantas/crescimento & desenvolvimento
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