[The effect of regulator peptides on pancreatic endocrine function in experimental acute pancreatitis]. / Vliianie reguliatornykh peptidov na éndokrinnuiu funktsiiu podzheludochnoi zhelezy pri éksperimental'nom ostrom pankreatite.

The comparative analysis of the influence on the glucose metabolism of rats in acute pancreatitis of synthetic analogues was made: somatostatin, calcitonin, leu-enkefalin-dalargin. It was shown that dalargin has the maximum normalizing effect as a result of its antistress qualities. Physiological reaction of beta-cells is preserved in infusion of somatostatin. However, infusion of calcitonin results in the distortion of counterregulatory action of insulin and glucagon.

[Structural bases of the decrease in nonspecific antibacterial resistance of the body, related to the functioning of the neutrophil system]. / O strukturnykh osnovakh snizheniia nespetsificheskoi antibakterial'noi rezistentnosti organizma, sviazannoi s fuktsioinirovaniem sistemy neitrofil'nykh leikotsitov.

Light optic and ultrastructural examinations of neutrophilic phagocytosis in patients with phlegmons in test system revealed morphological changes in the cells. The changes were proposed by the authors to be regarded as a criterion for assessing the antibacterial resistance of the body. Moreover, a unique approach was developed to the overall assessment of phagocytic indices, providing characterization of two neutrophilic performance types: balanced and extensive. When neutrophils begin to function extensively, this may be considered as a reflection of their relative functional inadequacy.

[Cultivation of epidermocytes of experimental animals and man]. / Kul'tivirovanie épidermotsitov éksperimental'nykh zhivotnykh i cheloveka.

Experimental animal and human biopsy material has been evaluated for the possibility of culturing skin epidermocytes. Insulin and hydrocortisone were used as biostimulants of adequate cell proliferation. Morphological studies revealed that the culture obtained exists as a monolayer of epidermocytes free of other skin elements.

[Healing patterns of wounds inflicted by a carbon dioxide laser]. / O putiakh zazhivleniia ran, nanesennykh uglekislotnym lazerom.

The problems concerning the wound healing by first intention and by second intention are discussed, on the instance of the wounds caused by a carbon dioxide laser. The authors claim that the cell system responsible for the resorption of necrotic tissues in the absence of purulent processes, i.e. absence of polynuclear leukocytes, is the system of mono- and multinuclear macrophages. The phase of leukocytic lysis of the necrotic tissues may be lacking during healing.

[Development method providing fine-grain electron microscopic radioautographs]. / Metodika proiavleniia, obespechivaiushchaia poluchenie melkozernistykh élektronnomikroskopicheskikh radioavtografov.

A modification of the development of electron microscopy autoradiographs with p-phenylenediamine is suggested. The development in the mode described was found fairly convenient for bacteriological studies. The method provides small silver grains specific in shape, which leave open the greater part of a bacterium even in the presence of considerable accumulation of silver grains. The grains can be readily counted. The development results are reasonably reproducible.

[Mechanisms of development of pneumonia after burns]. / O mekhanizmakh razvitiia posleozhogovoi pnevmonii.

Experiments in rats (burns followed by intratracheal infection with a staphylococcus suspension) were used to study association between disorders in phagocytosis of polymorphonuclear leukocytes and alveolar macrophages and histological manifestations of the inflammatory-infectious process in the lungs. Different resistance of micro- and macrophage cells to burn trauma was demonstrated. Disorders in the phagocytic properties of the cells were shown to precede the development of the inflammatory-infectious process documented at the tissue level.

[Microphagal system in inflammatory and infectious processes]. / Mikrofagal'naia sistema pri vospalitel'no-infektsionnykh protsessakh.

The information accrued by now concerning disorders in polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNL) and the system of serum factors determining leukotaxis and PMNL bactericidal properties in inflammatory-infectious processes (IIP) of various origin is presented. Generalization of the available information suggests that IIPs develop not in the highest manifestations of the PMNL system phagocytic properties but not infrequently in the presence of its deficiency. The structurally-functionally undisturbed PMNL system favours good health. Disorders in the PMNL system are the structural-functional equivalent of clinical concepts: "reduced defence capacities of the host", "reduced nonspecific antibacterial resistance", etc. Sepsis is characterized by extreme disorders in the PMNL system.

[CLearance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa from the lungs in experimental burn trauma]. / Ochishchenie legkikh ot sinegnoinoi palochki pri ozhogovoi travme v éksperimente.

Experiments carried out in rats demonstrated that a burn of degree III of 20% of the body surface disturbs considerably the process of lung clearance from bacterial dissemination (5 million bodies of Pseudomonas pyocyanea). Not only decreased but even negative clearance may be observed indicating multiplication of the bacteria in pulmonary tissues for the first 3 days after burn, and intratracheal infection of the animals. Reduced general antibacterial resistance as a result of burn facilitates rapid penetration of P. pyocyanea into the lymph nodes, blood, kidneys, liver, spleen where it is found 6 hours after infection.

[Electron microscopy autoradiographic investigation of DNA synthesis in a nucleolus]. / Elektronno-avtoradiograficheskoe issledovanie sinteza DNK v iaryshke.

A compensatory increase in the number of the DNA synthezising hepatocytes was induced in mice by the CCl4 injection. Some variants of the distribution of the labeled DNA were detected in the nucleus after a short-term (20-30 min) labeling of the hepatocytes by thymidine-3H. In one of the variants the label was localized almost exclusively in the body of the nucleolus. Some features of the replication of intranucleolar DNA were noted: a rather poor labeling at this time of all the other nucleus structures including nucleolush eterochromatin, synchronism of DNA synthesis in different nucleoli of one nucleus; the decrease in electron density of the body of the nucleolus and a high label concentration above it.

[Characteristics of wound healing after laser-CO2 injury]. / Ob osobennostiakh zazhivleniia ran posle povrezhdeniia tkaneí luchom lazera-CO2.

The studies of the laser-CO2 ray injury to the liver, kidneys and lung tissues showed the absence of the pronounced leukocytic infiltration in the tissues adjacent to the damaged ones. The lack of inflammatory alterations during the healing indicates that the resorption of the damaged tissues, accompanied by inflammation, and the tissue element proliferation are relatively autonomic processes, not forming an entire pathogenetic reparation chain.

[Healing characteristics of wounds produced by various surgical instruments]. / Osobennosti zazhivleniia ran, nanesennykh raznymi khirurgicheskimi instrumentami.

Healing of liver wounds after marginal resection of the liver by CO2 laser of permanent action, scalpel and electric knife were studied. Considerable differences in the course of wound healing were observed. Wounds produced by laser heal without inflammatory infiltration of the abjacent tissues and within a shorter period of time.

[Electron-autoradiographic study of hepatic cell nuclei in chronic pathological process]. / Elektronno-avtoradiograficheskoe issledovanie iader pechenochnykh kletok pri khronicheskom patologicheskom protsesse.

The development of a chronic pathological process in the liver induces changes in the structure and function of hepatocyte nuclei. Some of these changes, particularly an increase in the number of nucleoli, rearrangement of nucleous-associated chromatin, the appearance of ring-shaped nucleoli and intranuclear vacuoles are similar to senile changes in the nuclei. A quantitative analysis of these changes established a considerable increase in the number of ring-shaped nucleoli and intranuclear vacuoles in sick animals as compared with normal animals of any age. The number of nucleoli and nucleous-associated chromocenters also increases with the progress of the pathological process, however, it reaches the maximum level in the early stages of the process which is equal or insignificantly higher than the level in old animals, and subsequently does not change. These observations reveal a problem important for pathology, that of the existence of a limit in the development of reparative and dystrophic changes which may be attained sooner or later depending on the severity of a pathological process.

[RNA synthesis in the circular nucleoli of hepatocytes]. / Sintez RNK v kol'tsevidnykh iadryshkakh gepatotsitov

By analysis of serial sections it has been revealed that the so-called ring-like nucleoli of hepatocytes consist of a cavity with an amorphous contents surrounded by fibrillar and granular material. Such nucleoli are sometimes encountered in normal animals; the number of ring-like nucleoli increases considerably in chronic pathological process caused by repeated CCl4 injections. The capacity of RNA synthesis in the ring-like nucleoli was revealed by means of electron-microscopic autoradiography.

Effect of the rhythm of cyclophosphamide administration on its antitumor action and the immune response of mice with methylcholanthrene sarcoma.

The therapeutic effect of cyclophosphamide (CP) in relation to the dose and rhythum of its administration was studied in C57BL/6 mice with a methycholanthrene-induced sarcoma. The optimal scheme giving a complete cure of the experimental animals was 5 injections, each of 199 mg/kg CP at intervals of 10 days. The effect of the total dose of CP on humoral antitumor immunity was demonstrated: after injection of 100 mg/kg CP the animals' serum lost its ability to stimulate tumor growth and acquired cytotoxic properties. The serum of animals receiving the total doses of CP above 400 mg/kg lost its effect on tumor growth. The doses of CP used did not affect cellular antitumor immunity (the cytotoxicity of the lymphocytes and resistance of the tumor to retransplantation.).