RESUMO
We have identified a subset of metabolically obese, but normal weight individuals, with potentially increased risks of developing the metabolic syndrome, despite their normal body mass index. We determined the relationship among body fat distribution, resting metabolic rate (RMR), total body water amount (%TBW), selected gene polymorphism on interleukin-15 receptor-alpha (IL-15Ralpha) and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase 677C-->T (MTHFR 677C-->T), to distinguish normal weight obese (NWO) from nonobese with a normal metabolic profile and obese individuals. We analysed anthropometric variables, body composition by Dual energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA), RMR by indirect calorimetry, %TBW by bioimpedence analysis (BIA), MTHFR 677C-->T and IL-15Ralpha genotypes of 128 clinically healthy Caucasian individuals. We compared a group of female, defined as NWO and characterised by a BMI < or = 25 kg/m(2) and FM > or = 30% with groups of others female, and males, represented by nonobese with a BMI < or = 25 kg/m(2) and FM < or = 30%, and preobese-obese individuals with BMI > or = 25 kg/m(2) and %FM > or = 30%; none of the males was classified as NWO. Significant correlations were found among body fat mass distribution, metabolic variables, percentage of total body water distribution and selected genetic variations. The variables that contributed significantly to the separation of classes were body tissue (Tissue), %TBW, RMR, the volumes of both oxygen (VO2) and carbon dioxide (VCO2). The distribution of MTHFR 677C-->T and IL-15 genotypes was significantly different between classes. Our data highlight that NWO individuals showed a significant relationship between the decrease in the basal metabolism (RMR), body fat mass increasing and total water amount. Possession of wild type homozygotes genotypes regarding IL-15Ralpha cytokine and 677C-->T MTHFR enzyme characterised NWO individuals.
Assuntos
Metabolismo Basal/fisiologia , Composição Corporal/genética , Composição Corporal/fisiologia , Subunidade alfa de Receptor de Interleucina-15/genética , Metilenotetra-Hidrofolato Redutase (NADPH2)/genética , Obesidade/genética , Adulto , Índice de Massa Corporal , Água Corporal/fisiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo ÚnicoAssuntos
Favismo/genética , Isoenzimas/genética , Proteínas Tirosina Fosfatases/genética , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas , Proteína 1 de Troca de Ânion do Eritrócito/fisiologia , Suscetibilidade a Doenças , Fabaceae/efeitos adversos , Favismo/epidemiologia , Genótipo , Glicólise , Hemólise , Humanos , Isoenzimas/fisiologia , Itália/epidemiologia , Masculino , Plantas Medicinais , Proteínas Tirosina Fosfatases/fisiologia , Cidade de Roma/epidemiologiaRESUMO
In insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, maternal Phosphoglucomutase genotype is a predictor of fetal macrosomia much more important than quality of metabolic control during pregnancy. In gestational diabetes and in non insulin-dependent diabetes, on the contrary, the most important predictor is the metabolic control of diabetes.
Assuntos
Diabetes Gestacional/genética , Macrossomia Fetal/genética , Gravidez em Diabéticas/genética , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Estudos de Avaliação como Assunto , Feminino , Macrossomia Fetal/epidemiologia , Humanos , Incidência , Modelos Logísticos , Análise Multivariada , Valor Preditivo dos Testes , Gravidez , Sistema do Grupo Sanguíneo Rh-Hr/genética , Fatores de RiscoRESUMO
PIP: The influence of former oral contraceptive (OC) use and smoking during pregnancy on neonatal bilirubinemia was evaluated prospectively in 371 newborn infants. No significant influence was observed upon bilirubin levels in cord blood, bilirubin increase during the first 24 hours, and incidence of values higher than 12 mg/dl. Correction of the effect of OCs for maternal smoke demonstrated a reduced incidence of values higher than 12 mg/dl when both factors were present together. Correction of the effect of smoke for gestational age demonstrated an increased incidence of values higher than 12 mg/dl in infants of smokers with gestational ages lower than 37 weeks. The correlations, however, were not significant. (author's)^ieng
