[Pulmonary tumor thrombotic microangiopathy]. / Microangiopathie thrombotique tumorale pulmonaire.

Pulmonary tumor thrombotic microangiopathy syndrome is a rare clinicopathological entity in which tumor cell micro-emboli in the pulmonary microcirculation induced thrombotic microangiopathy. This can cause respiratory failure, and acute or sub-acute right heart failure. Histological features include micro tumor emboli in the small arteries and arterioles of the lung associated with thrombus formation and fibro-cellular and fibro-muscular intimal proliferation. The diagnosis is however extremely difficult to make before death. Thus, most of the observations reported are based on autopsy data. Very rare diagnostic observations made before death suggest the potential effectiveness of chemotherapy. Many details remain to be elucidated, interdisciplinary research is a priority with close collaboration between pathologists and clinicians to better understand this, often fatal, syndrome. It may be that the use of targeted therapies will improve the very poor prognosis allowing survival of several weeks or months after diagnosis.

[Analysis of the 2015 British guidelines on the prevention and management of tumor lysis syndrome]. / Analyse des recommandations britanniques 2015 sur la prévention et la prise en charge du syndrome de lyse tumorale.

Whether it appears spontaneously or is induced by therapy, the tumor lysis syndrome is responsible for a massive release of ions and puric bases degradation of products in the circulation exceeding the renal excretion capacity. Some, such as uric acid, xanthine, and calcium phosphate, can precipitate in the renal tubules or parenchyma. It must be known to any practitioner supporting patients with hematologic malignancies, mainly high-grade but also some solid tumors. The 2015 publication of the British recommendations pertaining to patients suffering from hematological diseases should be broadcast. The main goal of treatment is to prevent the occurrence of renal dysfunction associated with heavy morbidity and mortality, either for his own conduct or consequences on obtaining a good tumor response. Some items proposed for the care, whether curative or preventive, should be discussed or detailed, which is the subject of this paper.