[Retrocaval ureter. Apropos of 6 cases]. / L'uretère rétro-cave. A propos de 6 cas.

The authors report six cases of retrocaval ureter discovered in quite various circumstances. A genital malformation associated to the retrocaval ureter was found in only one case. Five of our six patients were operated. Four of them underwent uncrossing of the ureter relative to the vena cava, and a patient underwent nephrectomy because her kidney was destroyed. The sixth patient was not operated because there was no impact on the excretory cavities of the kidney. This series and the review of the literature allow specifying the course of action for this pathology.

[Nephroblastoma in the adult. Apropos of a case]. / Le néphroblastome de l'adulte. A propos d'un cas.

Adult nephroblastoma is a rare tumor. The authors report a new case observed in a 35 year old woman in whom the diagnosis was made by histopathology. The authors study the particular features of this tumor. Its prognosis appeared to be poorer than that of renal adenocarcinoma.

[Fracture of the corpus cavernosa. Apropos of 67 cases]. / La fracture des corps caverneux. A propos de soixante-sept cas.

The authors report a series of sixty-seven cases of fracture of the corpus cavernosa, 2 of which were associated with partial rupture of the urethra. Most of the fractures (61 cases) were due to a deliberate manipulation of the erect penis. A coital "faux pas" was only reported in 6 cases. Early surgical treatment, drainage of the haematoma and suture of the corpus cavernosa prevented cicatricial fibrosis, curvature of the penis and distal flaccidity interfering with erection.

[Ectopic implantation of the ureter. Apropos of 2 cases]. / L'abouchement ectopique de l'uretère. A propos de deux cas.

We report two cases of urinary incontinence secondary to ectopic ureteral implantation with pyeloureteral duplication in a 14 and 18 year-old girls. Our observations are discussed with the review of the world publication about this data.

[Iatrogenic urethral stenosis. Apropos of 100 cases]. / Le rétrécissement urétral iatrogène. A propos de 100 cas.

Iatrogenic causes of stenosis of urethra appear to be increasing in frequency. 100 cases out of a total of 582 patients being of iatrogenic origin. The principal cause is the use of a urethral catheter. Various therapeutic methods are used, preference being given quite clearly to internal urethrotomy. Prevention is of fundamental importance and is based on the less untimely routine use of urethral catheters, particularly after general surgical operations and in intensive care.

[Contribution of x-ray microanalysis to the study of the growth of a urinary calculus]. / Apport de la microanalyse x à l'étude de la croissance d'un calcul urinaire.

Growth mechanisms of urinary calculi were studied using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and an x-ray microanalyser (WDS). The observations obtained by SEM and x-ray mapping suggest with calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, sulfur and potassium a possible schema of growth mechanisms for urinary calculi.

[Pheochromocytomas]. / Phéochromocytomes.

A retrospective study of 24 pheochromocytomas observed between 1974 and 1987 is reported. Hypertension is the most frequent sign. In 19 cases diagnosis of pheochromocytoma was confirmed by surgery. In 3 cases, preoperative diagnosis was "silent" adrenal tumor. Two had exploratory surgery for renal artery stenosis and renal tumor. Diagnostic strategy and its evolution with high sensitivity biochemical examinations and computed tomography was analysed.

[Vesico-uterine fistula. Apropos of 5 cases]. / Les fistules vésico-utérines. A propos de cinq cas.

Five cases of VUF have been observed by the authors over a period of 15 years, reflecting the rarity of this condition. Based on a review of the literature, the authors present an exhaustive study of the various aspects of VUF: 1) aetiopathogenic features: they emphasise the rarity of the disease and its aetiology which is currently dominated by caesarean section; 2) clinical features with little variability in the symptoms (urine leak from the vagina with or without associated menouria) and the usually simple diagnosis based on a thorough clinical examination and routine complementary investigations (IVP, cystography...); 3) lastly the therapeutic aspects, based on surgical cure, which is almost always satisfactory. On the basis of their experience and their results, VUF constitutes a benign lesion, but a source of discomfort, which should be prevented.

[Genitourinary malacoplakia. Apropos of 5 cases. A review of the literature]. / Malacoplasie génito-urinaire. A propos de cinq cas. Revue de la littérature.

The authors report 5 new cases of malakoplakia: 2 with kidney, 1 with prostatic and 2 with testicular involvement. The symptoms are not clinically specific, but pseudo-tumor forms are predominant. Four cases were treated by removal of the organ. Owing to a better understanding of its etiopathogenic mechanism, this disease can be treated by long-term antibiotic, cholinergic agonists and vitamin C therapy.

[Pelvic kidney. Apropos of 50 cases]. / Le rein pelvien. A propos de cinquante cas.

The pelvic ectopic kidney is a relatively rare congenital anomaly. It is situated below the horizontal level of the iliac crest. Fifty cases, collected over twelve years, are reported here: 47 unilateral PEK, 2 bilateral PEK, 1 solitary PEK. The main clinical patterns are outlined. The healthy ectopic kidney (18 cases): clinical complaints are derived from adjacent organs. The diseased ectopic kidney (32 cases). Urinary symptoms reveal the anomaly. Renal stones (21 cases) and uretero-pelvic junction disease (7 cases) are the most frequent lesions encountered. The diagnosis is based on IVP data. Ultrasonography and computed tomography are of great help: they avoid useless and expensive complementary investigations when clinical symptoms are misleading. Ectopic kidney should be treated as if it were in its normal position. However, surgical procedures that may be performed might be particularly difficult because of different anatomical environment and non-systematized blood supply.

[Complete bladder retention secondary to a herpetic genital infection. Report of a case. Review of the literature]. / Rétention vésicale complète secondaire á une infection génitale herpétique. Rapport d'un cas. Revue de la littérature.

The authors report their experience of acute urinary retention due to genital herpetic infection. The data gathered by physical examination and laboratory investigations are of great diagnostic value. The urodynamic investigation provides a better comprehension of the pathogenesis of the phenomena. Bladder drainage is urgent. Complete resolution within a few days to three weeks is the general rule.

[Disease of the pyelo-ureteral junction in adults. 215 cases in 194 patients]. / La maladie de la jonction pyélo-urétérale chez l'adulte. 215 cas chez 194 malades.

215 uretero-pelvic obstruction syndrome among 194 adult patients are analysed. 56.8% of them are of stage III or IV. Lithiasis is a frequent complication (41.8% of cases). The other congenital anomalies are very rare. The diagnosis is based on intravenous pyelography with use of furosemide test when the obstruction is moderate. 178 uretero-pelvic plasties are performed, the resection-anastomosis has retrained our choice. It was done in 119 cases with good results in 85.6 cases. Failure are due to error of indication or technical defect. The high level of nephrectomies (25%) is explained by the very important number of advanced and complicated cases. Among the less symptomatic patients, 37 haven't been operated on and were controlled. All except one remained stable.