[Maternal vitamin D status and association with neonatal anthropometric measures].

Pregnant women are at risk of developing vitamin D insufficiency or deficiency. Vitamin D status has a great impact on both pregnancy and the fetus. The aim of the study was to evaluate the maternal serum vitamin D level and its impact on the neonatal anthropometric measures. Material and methods. A prospective study among 71 pregnant women aged 19 to 40 years was carried out. Women with a gestation period of 12-15 weeks between October to April were included in this study. A survey of pregnant women was conducted and the maternal serum total vitamin D [25 (OH) D2 and D3] level was determined by enzyme immunoassay. Neonatal anthropometric parameters (weight, body length, weightlength ratio) were measured. Results and discussion. Vitamin D deficiency was observed in 41 (57.7%) of pregnant women, insufficiency - in 7 (9.9%), and the optimal level - in 23 (32.4%) of examined women. Women with vitamin D deficiency were more likely to have a miscarriage in anamnesis than women with optimal D status (OR - 9.06; 95% CI: 1.11-73.86, р=0.0396). We have not established the influence of other factors (age, social status, body mass index, number of pregnancies) on the maternal D-status. There were no significant differences between indicators of weight by age, body length of a child by age, and Apgar scores depending on the vitamin-D status of pregnant women. Conclusion. The study showed that the optimal vitamin D level is observed only in 32.4%, and its deficiency or insufficiency occurs in 67.6% of pregnant women. The study did not reveal the correlation between maternal vitamin-D status and neonatal anthropometric measures. Taking into account the trend towards lower weight-length ratio to gestational age of the newborns from mothers with vitamin D deficiency/insufficiency, further studies are needed.

[IMMUNOMORPHOLOGICAL FEATURES OF THE PLACENTA IN MULTIPLE PREGNANCIES].

Placentas clinical and immunological research in women with multiple pregnancy, noted the presence of morphological and functional, immunopathologic changes of varying severity. It is proved that in women with miscarriage at the level of multiple pregnancy placental insufficiency depends on the blood supply to the placenta and the nature of the inflammatory manifestations. The morphological pattern of placental disorders in miscarriage was revealed that the morphological features of placental insufficiency in non-infectious factors of miscarriage are early changes in the vessels of the decidua in a spasm, obliteration of the lumen of the spiral arteries, a decrease of vascular villous tree, reducing the amount of chorionic epithelium and peripheral trophoblast, increased maternal and fetal deposits fibrinoid. Thanks to the research will be possible to form a clear vision that would allow on the basis of public spending immunomorfological features pathogenetically substantiated therapy prenatal complications arising from multiple pregnancies.