Mineral content of longissimus dorsi thoracis from water buffalo and Zebu-influenced cattle at four comparative ages.

The longissimus dorsi thoracis (LDT) of 64 water buffalo and 68 Zebu-influenced cattle was used to determine the mineral content variation (mg/100g of fresh tissue) according to species, age (7, 17, 19 and 24 months-of-age, MOA) and gender (steers and bulls). Buffalo LDT had higher concentrations of K, Mn, Fe, Zn and Cu at weaning (P<0.05). Phosphorous content was higher (P<0.05) at post-weaning ages. Mineral profile was affected by age without clear trends; the Na and K contents increased at 24 MOA. The age×species, age×gender and species×gender interactions affected (P<0.05) Fe content that ranged from 1.74 to 2.56mg/100g fresh tissue. Meat from both species contributes with more of 25% of K, P, Fe and Zn of the daily requirement for an adult.

Occurrence of conjugated linoleic acid in longissimus dorsi muscle of water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) and zebu-type cattle raised under savannah conditions.

Lipid extracts from longissimus dorsi muscles of 64 water buffaloes and 68 zebu-type cattle were used to quantify the amount (mg/g of lipids) of total conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), CLA isomers c9, t11 and t10, c12 and linoleic acid (LA), according to species (buffaloes and cattle), age (slaughter groups at 7, 17, 19 or 24 months of age) and gender (bulls and steers). The effects of gender and age were significant (P<0.05) but marginal. Comparisons of lipid extracts from buffaloes vs. cattle showed that total CLA (1.83 vs. 1.47 mg/g), CLA c9, t11 (1.27 vs. 1.01 mg/g) and CLA t10, c12 (0.56 vs. 0.47 mg/g) isomers as well as the CLA/LA ratio (0.10 vs. 0.07) were higher (P<0.05) in buffalo lipids. Considering the sparingly low lipid concentrations (<2 g/100 g of fresh muscle) none of the meat species should be considered a significant source of CLA.

Composición mineral del músculo longissimus crudo derivado de canales bovinas producidas y clasificadas en Venezuela / Mineral composition of raw longissimus muscle derived from beef carcasses produced and graded in Venezuela

A total of 145 beef carcasses derived from cattle produced under tropical conditions in different regions of Venezuela were graded by the current grading system. Rib (longissimus) samples were excised, trimmed to zero fat cover and subjected to spectrophotometric analyses to examine the variation in ash, macro- and micro-mineral contents, according to the beef carcass grade. The analysis of variance indicated that the Venezuelan carcass grade did not affect significantly the ash or individual mineral content of the raw longissimus muscle; only the Na content tended to decrease (P < 0.10) as the beef carcass quality decreased from grade AA to grade C. Overall means +/- standard deviations are given for ash percentage (1.06 +/- 0.16) and content (mg/100g) of Ca (2.77 +/- 1.57), Mg (21.62 +/- 3.11), P (211.4 +/- 35.88), Na (76.06 +/- 30.88), K (243.81 +/- 63.93), Fe (1.93 +/- 0.58), Zn (4.13 +/- 0.82), Cu (0.084 +/- 0.041) and Mn (0.026 +/- 0.016). It was concluded that the variation in mineral composition of beef longissimus observed for this sample of tropical beef cattle, cannot be attributed to the Venezuelan carcass grade.

[Comparative proximal and mineral analysis of iguana,poultry and beef meats]. / Análisis comparativo proximal y de minerales entre carnes de iguana, pollo y res.

Raw meat samples from iguana, poultry and beef cattle specimens were used to compare proximal (g/100 g) and mineral (mg/100 g) composition. Iguana meat was obtained by dissecting whole specimens (Iguana iguana) captured at a ranch (n = 20). Thighs and breasts were separated from broiler (either chilled or frozen) carcasses (n = 20), and deboned to represent chicken meat samples, whereas 2.5-cm-thick longissimus (ribeyes) steaks were removed from carcasses and frozen to represent beef of several breed types (n = 20). The one-way analysis of variance performed by the least squares method (LS Means) showed specie affected significantly (p > 0.05) all composition variables under study. Moisture content did not differ between iguana and chicken meats (74.7 y 74.9%, respectively) whereas beef samples had the lowest water content (73%) (p < 0.01). LS means for protein content showed beef samples (22.3%) were highest (p < 0.05) in this nutrient, iguana meat being intermediate (20.8%). Chicken meat presented the highest amount of total lipids (7.75 +/- 0.20 g/100 g) (p < 0.01) followed by iguana (3.49 +/- 0.12 g/100 g) and beef (2.57 +/- 0.20 g/100 g). Ash and most individual minerals were more concentrated in iguana meat, except for K and Zn that were more abundant in beef samples. Non-significant differences in Mg, Na, Cu or Mn contents were detected between chicken and beef samples. It was concluded that iguana meat could be an alternate source of protein and minerals as compared to those of traditional meat species.

Uso de la leche en el tratamiento de ulcera duodenal / Use of milk as treatment of duodenal ulcer

El presente trabajo comprende el estudio de 33 pacientes con ulcera duodenal (U.D.), de los cuales 18 ingirieron leche y 15 nó. Ambos grupos recibieron Aldrox, con una capacidad de neutralización de 168 mmol/HCL/día. El porcentaje de curación endoscópica de la U.D. no fué significativo (p>0,05). La proporción de mejoría clínica (desaparición del dolor) tampoco fué significativa(p>0,05). El costo del tratamiento no tuvo repercusión en el presupuesto familiar. En conclusión, el uso de la leche en el tratamiento de la U.D. no produce aumentos del porcentaje de curación ni tampoco ayuda a calmar el dolor. En esta experiencia, el uso de la leche no ayudó a la curación clínica o endoscópica, no justificando su uso en pacientes con ulcera duodenal