The use of sweet rolls fortified with iron bis-glycinate chelate in the prevention of iron deficiency anemia in preschool children.

The effectiveness of bread fortified with iron bis-glycinate chelate for the control of iron deficiency and iron deficiency anemia was evaluated in 89 preschool children from families of low socioeconomic level attending 2 day nurseries of the Sao Paulo City Council. During the intervention's time of 6 months the children received besides their usual center's diet, a daily supplement of two sweet rolls fortified with 2 mg each of iron from the chelate for a total daily iron intake of 4 mg. After six months of intervention there was a significant decrease in the prevalence of iron deficiency anemia from 62 to 22%. There was a mean hemoglobin improvement of 1.1 g/dL, and in children with initial hemoglobin levels < 11 g/dL the mean increase in hemoglobin was 1.42 g/dL. The total mean plasma ferritin values increased from 11.34 to 20.2 micrograms/L, and in those children originally iron depleted the ferritin values normalized. A significant increase in the "z" score for weight/height was also observed. We concluded that the use of sweet rolls fortified with 2 mg of iron from the bis-glycinate chelate is highly effective for the control of iron deficiency and iron deficiency anemia in young children.

The use of sweet rolls fortified with iron bis-glycinate chelate in the prevention of iron deficiency anemia in preschool children

The effectiveness of bread fortified with iron bis-glycinate chelate for the control of iron deficiency and iron deficiency anemia was evaluated in 89 preschool children from families of low socioeconomic level attending 2 day nurseries of the Sao Paulo City Council. During the intervention's time of 6 months the children received besides their usual center's diet, a daily supplement of two sweet rolls fortified with 2 mg each of iron from the chelate for a total daily iron intake of 4 mg. After six months of intervention there was a significant decrease in the prevalence of iron deficiency anemia from 62 to 22. There was a mean hemoglobin improvement of 1.1 g/dL, and in children with initial hemoglobin levels < 11 g/dL the mean increase in hemoglobin was 1.42 g/dL. The total mean plasma ferritin values increased from 11.34 to 20.2 micrograms/L, and in those children originally iron depleted the ferritin values normalized. A significant increase in the "z" score for weight/height was also observed. We concluded that the use of sweet rolls fortified with 2 mg of iron from the bis-glycinate chelate is highly effective for the control of iron deficiency and iron deficiency anemia in young children.

Comparaçäo do desempenho de pré-escolares, mediante teste de desenvolvimento de Denver, antes e após intervençäo nutricional / Comparison of preschool children's performance through Denver develomental test, before and after nutritional supplement

A analise de performance psicomotora dde crianças institucionalizadas é de fundamental importância no planejamento de atividades educativas. Estudos anteriores têm mostrado prejuízos desta funçao em crianças de creches. Objetivo. Comparar o desempenho no teste de triagem de Denver em crianças de 2 a 6 anos de idade, de creches conveniadas com a Prefeitura de Sao Paulo, antes e após seis meses de intervençao nutricional com suplemento alimentar enriquecido com ferro. Método. Foram analisadas 130 crianças de 2 a 6 anos de idade, em três creches municipais de Sao Paulo, aplicando-se o teste de Denver, por psicólogas treinadas, comparando-se os resultados de acordo com o sexo, faixa etaria e estado nutricional, antes e após período de suplementaçao alimentar. Resultados. A maior parte das crianças teve desempenho normal, tanto na primeira aplicaçao (70,80 por cento), como na segunda (80,80 por cento), sem modificaçao do estado nutricional. Na comparaçao dos resultados, 76,92 por cento nao modificaram o desempenho e 18,46 por cento melhoraram significativamente. Em relaçao ao sexo, nao foram encontradas diferenças significantes, enquanto que, para a faixa etaria, houve melhora significante entre as crianças de 4 a 6 anos. Conclusoes. Além do aspecto nutricional, fatores como prontidao para aprendizagem, organizaçao familiar e orientaçao psicopedagógica das creches devem estar favorecendo o desenvolvimento, mesmo considerando-se o baixo nível socioeconomico da populaçao estudada.

[Comparison of preschool children's performance using the Denver developmental test, before and after nutritional intervention]. / Comparação do desempenho de pré-escolares, mediante teste de desenvolvimento de Denver, antes e após intervenção nutricional.

UNLABELLED: Psychomotor and development analysis must be emphasized when studying institutionalized children. Many previous investigations have been showing deleterious effects of day care centers over developmental performance in children. OBJECTIVE: This study is aimed at comparing the performance in the Development Screening Test (Denver) in children attending day care centers, before and after nutritional intervention with an energetic supplement enriched with iron. METHOD: 130 children from 2 to 6 years old, attending three municipal day care centers, were evaluated by means of the application of the Denver test; by trained psychologists, comparing the collected data according to sex and age group, before and after six months intervention with iron enriched protein energetic supplement. RESULTS: Most of the children had normal performance, both in first application (70.80%), and in the second one (80.80%). When comparing these results, 76.92% of the children had not altered their performance and 18.46% improved it substantially. As to sex, no significant differences were found and as to age group, there was significant improvement among children aged 4 to 6 years of age. CONCLUSIONS: Besides the nutritional aspects, factors such as learning readiness, family organization, and psychopedagogic orientation to the day care centers, must have fostered development, even if the low socioeconomic level of the studied population is considered.

Zinc, copper and iron and their interrelations in the growth of sickle cell patients.

In this study we evaluated the nutritional status of 34 children with sickle cell disease (SS). Results were compared to 9 siblings with sickle cell trait (AS) and 35 eutrophic children who presented normal hemoglobin and normal hemoglobin electrophoresis (AA). All of then came from low socioeconomic level. Analysis of the growth velocity curves revealed in SS group, tendency to increase deficit in weight and height with age. There was no relation between weight/height (W/H) and height/age (H/A) percentile and hemoglobin levels. There was no significant relation between nutritional status and severity of the disease. SS group showed significant skeletal maturation delay, the same did not occur with the siblings (AS group). Plasma zinc levels were significantly lower in SS group than in AS and AA groups. In SS group there was some association between lower plasma zinc levels and H/A percentile lower or equal to 10. Plasma copper levels were significantly greater in SS group than in AS and AA ones, and there was no relation between plasma copper levels and serum ferritin levels. In conclusion, our patients with sickle cell disease showed indexes of malnutrition, iron deficiency, hypercupremia and low plasma zinc levels related to low stature.

Avaliaçäo retrospectiva do atendimento em pronto socorro pediátrico / Attendance at urgent pediatric care unit

Estudou-se o atendimento clínico no Pronto Socorro (PS) de Pediatria do Hospital Säo Paulo, da Escola Paulista de Medicina. verificando-see volume de atendimento, sazonalidade das consultas e diagnósticos apurados. As doenças mais diagnosticadas foram as infecçöes de vias aéreas superiores e broncoespasmo. Por meio de análise retrospectiva critica-se o sistema de registro dos atendimentos utilizados na época do estudo, sugerindo-se uma padronizaçäo de condutas e anotaçäo de diagnósticos, por sistema informatizado. Conclui-se que o atendimento do PS é constante durante todo o ano, com pequena diminuiçäo no período de férias escolares

Growth and sexual maturation of Brazilian patients with sickle cell diseases.

Growth and sexual maturation was studied of 125 Brazilian patients with sickle cell disease whose ages ranged from 7 months to 42 years. Height and weight were significantly lower when compared with the unaffected population. The height and weight deficit increased in the age range of 11-19 years as compared with patients less than 11 years of age. Age of menarche, breast and pubic hair staging in girls, and genitalia staging and testicular volume measurements in boys indicated a delayed sexual maturation for both sexes. The comparison of adult and young patients, however, demonstrated that although puberty is delayed, a normal sexual maturation is attained later in life by most patients.