Modulation of the erythromycin resistance in Staphylococcus aureus by ethanolic extracts of Ximenia americana L and Schinopsis brasiliensis Engl / Modulación de la resistencia a la eritromicina en Staphylococcus aureus por extractos etanólicos de Ximeniaamericana L y Schinopsis brasiliensis Engl

It was evaluated the in vitro efficacy of ethanolic extract of leaves and bark of Ximenia americana L and Schinopsis brasiliensis Engl. alone and in association with erythromycin as modulators of microbial resistance against six clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus resistant to erythromycin (SA1-SA6) and S. aureus ATCC 25923 by the microdilution method. The extracts were also subjected to bioassay with Artemia salina. The ethanolic extract of barks of X. americana showed a synergistic effect with erythromycin against SA01, SA03 and SA04. The leaf extract of S. brasiliensis exerted synergistic effect against SA03 and the bark extract showed against SA01 and S03. The results suggest that extracts from S.brasiliensis and X. americana have potential as modulator agents of bacterial resistance, which could be used as adjuvants in the treatment of infections by S. aureus resistant to erythromycin, with previous studies of toxicity.

Se evaluó la eficacia in vitro de los extractos etanólicos de hojas y corteza de Ximenia americana L y Schinopsis brasiliensis Engl solos y en asociación con eritromicina como moduladores de la resistencia microbiana frente a seis aislados clínicos de Staphylococcus aureus resistentes a Eritromicina (SA1-SA6) y S. aureus ATCC 25923, por el método de microdilución. Además se determinó la actividad tóxica de los extractos contra Artemia salina. Solo el extracto etanólico de la corteza de X. americana mostró un efecto sinérgico con la eritromicina frente a SA01, SA03 y SA04. El extracto de las hojas de S. brasiliensis ejerció efecto sinérgico contra SA03 y el extracto de corteza, contra SA01 y S03. Los resultados sugieren que S. brasiliensis y X. americana tienen potencial como agentes moduladores de la resistencia bacteriana, que podrían ser utilizados como adyuvantes en el tratamiento de infecciones por S. aureus resistentes a eritromicina, con estudios previos de toxicidad.

Study bioprospecting of medicinal plant extracts of the semiarid northeast: contribution to the control of oral microorganisms.

Dental pathologies can be caused by plaque-forming bacteria and yeast, which reside in the oral cavity. The bacteria growing in dental plaque, a naturally occurring biofilm, display increased resistance to antimicrobial agents. The objective was the evaluation of a preclinical assay of medicinal plants of the semiarid region from the northeast against oral pathogenic microorganism, aiming at bioprospecting a new product. The selection of plant material for this study was based on the ethnobotanical data on the traditional use of plants from the semiarid region. The thirty extracts were subjected to the determination of antibiofilm activity against gram-positive, gram-negative bacteria and yeast. The hydroalcoholic extract which showed positive antibiofilm activity against most of the microorganisms tested in agar diffusion assay was further tested for the determination of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and Bioassay with Artemia salina. Plant samples tested in this study exhibited good antibiofilm activity for the treatment of oral problems. The Schinopsis brasiliensis showed greater activity for Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus, but toxicity against Artemia salina.