Prevalência de depressão maior em pacientes com câncer de mama / Prevalence of major depression in patients with breast cancer

INTRODUÇÃO: o câncer de mama é uma das principais causas de morte entre as mulheres no Brasil e no mundo. O diagnóstico de neoplasia mamária geralmente representa uma sobrecarga emocional, podendo desencadear reações de ajustamento ou mesmo ser gatilho de quadros afetivos (principalmente depressão), ansiedade ou até mesmo psicoses. O Inventário de Depressão de Beck (IDB) é um dos instrumentos mais usados para avaliação de depressão, tanto em pesquisa quanto em clínica. A prevalência de depressão em pacientes com câncer tem variado bastante em diferentes trabalhos, de 3 a 55%. A falta de padronização, especialmente no que diz respeito aos métodos de avaliação, escore/ponto de corte, tipo de entrevista e critérios para diagnóstico contribuem para a grande discrepância nos achados desses estudos. No geral, quanto mais especificamente o termo depressão é definido e avaliado, menores índices de prevalência são reportados. Vários trabalhos falharam em mostrar significância estatística entre depressão e variáveis relacionadas ao câncer, sugerindo que os fatores de risco para depressão parecem estar mais relacionados à própria paciente, como variáveis contextuais e fatores pré-mórbidos inerentes à sua personalidade, do que ao câncer em si ou ao seu tratamentoOBJETIVO: determinar a prevalência de depressão maior em mulheres com câncer de mama...

INTRODUCTION: breast cancer is one of the main causes of death among women in Brazil and worldwide. The diagnosis of breast neoplasms usually represents an emotional burden, and it may lead to adjustment reactions and even be the trigger for affective disorders (mainly depression), anxiety or psychosis. The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) is one of the most used mechanisms for the evaluation of depression in research and in clinics. Depression prevalence in patients with cancer varies from 3% to 55% among different studies. Methodological variation, different instruments to assess depression and different cut-off points for diagnosis contribute to the huge discrepancy in current findings. In general, the more specifically depression is defined and evaluated, the lower the rates of prevalence are reported. Many articles fail to demonstrate a statistical significance in the relationship between depression and cancer-specific factors. This suggests that risk factors for depression in those patients are more related to the patient as contextual variables and premorbid factors of personality - and not to the cancer or its treatment OBJECTIVE: to determine the prevalence of major depression in women with breast cancer...

Prevalence of major depression in patients with breast cancer / Prevalência de depressão maior em pacientes com câncer de mama

INTRODUCTION: breast cancer is one of the main causes of death among women in Brazil and worldwide. The diagnosis of breast neoplasms usually represents an emotional burden, and it may lead to adjustment reactions and even be the trigger for affective disorders (mainly depression), anxiety or psychosis. The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) is one of the most used mechanisms for the evaluation of depression in research and in clinics. Depression prevalence in patients with cancer varies from 3% to 55% among different studies. Methodological variation, different instruments to assess depression and different cut-off points for diagnosis contribute to the huge discrepancy in current findings. In general, the more specifically depression is defined and evaluated, the lower the rates of prevalence are reported. Many articles fail to demonstrate a statistical significance in the relationship between depression and cancer-specific factors. This suggests that risk factors for depression in those patients are more related to the patient as contextual variables and premorbid factors of personality - and not to the cancer or its treatment OBJECTIVE: to determine the prevalence of major depression in women with breast cancer METHODS: a cross-sectional study was conducted in women with breast cancer. The sample consisted of 51 patients who answered the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). The presence of depression was considered in cases where the scores were above 20. A questionnaire with additional data about the patients such as age, marital status, ethnicity, education, family income, family history of depression and breast cancer, and cancer-related variables including staging, months since diagnosis, treatment modality, type of surgery, alopecia occurring were used. Descriptive analysis and test of association (chi-square) were conducted RESULTS: the prevalence of major depression was 5.9%, similar to that observed in community samples. Subsyndromal ...(AU)

INTRODUÇÃO: o câncer de mama é uma das principais causas de morte entre as mulheres no Brasil e no mundo. O diagnóstico de neoplasia mamária geralmente representa uma sobrecarga emocional, podendo desencadear reações de ajustamento ou mesmo ser gatilho de quadros afetivos (principalmente depressão), ansiedade ou até mesmo psicoses. O Inventário de Depressão de Beck (IDB) é um dos instrumentos mais usados para avaliação de depressão, tanto em pesquisa quanto em clínica. A prevalência de depressão em pacientes com câncer tem variado bastante em diferentes trabalhos, de 3 a 55%. A falta de padronização, especialmente no que diz respeito aos métodos de avaliação, escore/ponto de corte, tipo de entrevista e critérios para diagnóstico contribuem para a grande discrepância nos achados desses estudos. No geral, quanto mais especificamente o termo depressão é definido e avaliado, menores índices de prevalência são reportados. Vários trabalhos falharam em mostrar significância estatística entre depressão e variáveis relacionadas ao câncer, sugerindo que os fatores de risco para depressão parecem estar mais relacionados à própria paciente, como variáveis contextuais e fatores pré-mórbidos inerentes à sua personalidade, do que ao câncer em si ou ao seu tratamento OBJETIVO: determinar a prevalência de depressão maior em mulheres com câncer de mama MÉTODO: foi realizado um estudo transversal de prevalência em mulheres com câncer de mama. A amostra foi constituída por 51 pacientes que responderam o Inventário de Depressão de Beck (IDB). Considerou-se como presença de depressão os escores maiores do que 20. Foi aplicado também um questionário contendo dados complementares referentes às pacientes (idade, estado civil, etnia, escolaridade, renda familiar mensal, história familiar de depressão e de câncer de mama) e ao câncer (tempo de diagnóstico, estadiamento, tipo de tratamento, ocorrência de alopécia). Foi realizada análise descritiva e teste de associação ...(AU)

Spirituality in childhood cancer care.

To deal with the suffering caused by childhood cancer, patients and their families use different coping strategies, among which, spirituality appears a way of minimizing possible damage. In this context, the purpose of the present study was to analyze the influence of spirituality in childhood cancer care, involving biopsychosocial aspects of the child, the family, and the health care team facing the disease. To accomplish this purpose, a nonsystematic review of literature of articles on national and international electronic databases (Scientific Electronic Library Online [SciELO], PubMed, and Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature [LILACS]) was conducted using the search terms "spirituality," "child psychology," "child," and "cancer," as well as on other available resources. After the search, 20 articles met the eligibility criteria and were included in the final sample. Our review showed that the relation between spirituality and health has lately become a subject of growing interest among researchers, as a positive influence of spirituality in the people's welfare was noted. Studies that were retrieved using the mentioned search strategy in electronic databases, independently assessed by the authors according to the systematic review, showed that spirituality emerges as a driving force that helps pediatric patients and their families in coping with cancer. Health care workers have been increasingly attentive to this dimension of care. However, it is necessary to improve their knowledge regarding the subject. The search highlighted that spirituality is considered a source of comfort and hope, contributing to a better acceptance of his/her chronic condition by the child with cancer, as well as by the family. Further up-to-date studies facing the subject are, thus, needed. It is also necessary to better train health care practitioners, so as to provide humanized care to the child with cancer.

Childhood depression: a systematic review.

As an important public health issue, childhood depression deserves special attention, considering the serious and lasting consequences of the disease to child development. Taking this into consideration, the present study was based on the following question: what practical contributions to clinicians and researchers does the current literature on childhood depression have to offer? The objective of the present study was to conduct a systematic review of articles regarding childhood depression. To accomplish this purpose, a systematic review of articles on childhood depression, published from January 1, 2010 to November 24, 2012, on MEDLINE and SciELO databases was carried out. Search terms were "depression" (medical subject headings [MeSH]), "child" (MeSH), and "childhood depression" (keyword). Of the 180 retrieved studies, 25 met the eligibility criteria. Retrieved studies covered a wide range of aspects regarding childhood depression, such as diagnosis, treatment, prevention and prognosis. Recent scientific literature regarding childhood depression converge to, directly or indirectly, highlight the negative impacts of depressive disorders to the children's quality of life. Unfortunately, the retrieved studies show that childhood depression commonly grows in a background of vulnerability and poverty, where individual and familiar needs concerning childhood depression are not always taken into consideration. In this context, this review demonstrated that childhood-onset depression commonly leads to other psychiatric disorders and co-morbidities. Many of the retrieved studies also confirmed the hypothesis that human resources (eg, health care team in general) are not yet adequately trained to address childhood depression. Thus, further research on the development of programs to prepare health care professionals to deal with childhood depression is needed, as well as complementary studies, with larger and more homogeneous samples, centered on prevention and treatment of childhood depression.