Stability of enalapril repackaged into monitored dosage system.

A monitored dosage system (MDS) is a professionally prepared blister-type repackaging system used to improve medication adherence. The objective of this study was to determine the stability of enalapril tablets, a widely prescribed drug, commonly used by the elderly but potentially unstable in MDSs. No degradation of enalapril tablets repackaged into MDSs was observed during the 60 day study period.

Los sistemas personalizados de dosificación en vídeo como herramienta docente en la farmacia clínica y la atención farmacéutica / A video on monitored dosage systems as a teaching tool in clinical pharmacy and pharmaceutical care

Objetivo. Difundir un vídeo como herramienta docente que pretende potenciar los objetivos de aprendizaje previamente definidos en un modelo conceptual que integra el sistema de salud y el proceso de formación del futuro profesional farmacéutico. Material y métodos. En el diseño se decidió el tipo de vídeo (alta potencialidad expresiva), finalidad (complemento de la formación) y temática (los sistemas personalizados de dosificación o SPD). Posteriormente, se llevaron a cabo las fases de elaboración: documentación, guionización, grabación y edición. El equipo estuvo formado por docentes, becarios, colaboradores y expertos en comunicación audiovisual. La grabación requirió, entre otros, material para el servicio SPD según procedimiento, el aula de simulación asistencial, un laboratorio y una farmacia comunitaria. Resultados. Se obtiene un vídeo titulado Los sistemas personalizados de dosificación como herramienta en la atención farmacéutica para la mejora de la adherencia al tratamiento y el éxito terapéutico, que complementará la sesión práctica realizada por los alumnos sobre Farmacoterapia individualizada: SPD, de la asignatura obligatoria Farmacia Clínica y Atención Farmacéutica del Grado de Farmacia de la Universidad de Barcelona. La estructura narrativa incluye los apartados: introducción, descripción del SPD, seguimiento farmacoterapéutico con SPD, equipamiento y material, procedimiento, visitas de seguimiento y conclusiones. Conclusiones. El vídeo sobre los SPD se constituye en una herramienta docente a disposición de los alumnos y el público en general, que favorecerá los objetivos de aprendizaje de competencias específicas del futuro graduado en farmacia, y fuente de información especialmente para los propios farmacéuticos con ejercicio profesional asistencial (AU)

Aim. To divulge a video as a teaching tool in order to enhance the learning objectives previously defined in a conceptual model which integrates both the health system and the training process of future professional pharmacists. Material and methods. The design included the type of video (high expressive potential), purpose (educational complement) and topic (Monitored Dosage Systems or MDS). Subsequently, the video development was conducted through a series of phases involving documentation gathering, script making, video shooting and final editing. The team consisted of teachers, scholarship students, contributors and experts in audiovisual communication. The video recording required material for the MDS service according to a protocol, a healthcare simulation classroom, a laboratory and a community pharmacy, among others. Results. The result is a video entitled The Monitored Dosage Systems as a tool in pharmaceutical care to improve treatment adherence and therapeutic success, which will complement the students’ practical session on Individualized pharmacotherapy: MDS, of the compulsory subject Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Care of pharmacy degree from the University of Barcelona. The narrative structure of the video includes the following sections: Introduction, Description of MDS, Pharmacotherapy follow-up by MDS, Material and equipment, Procedure, Monitoring visits and Conclusions. Conclusions. The video on the MDS constitutes a teaching tool available to students and general audience, which will improve the learning objectives of specific competencies of the future pharmacy graduate, and serve as a source of information especially for pharmacists as healthcare professionals (AU)

Development, validation and analytical error function of two chromatographic methods with fluorimetric detection for the determination of bisoprolol and metoprolol in human plasma.

This work describes two high-performance liquid chromatographic methods for the individual determination of bisoprolol and metoprolol in human plasma. Analytical methods involve two different liquid-liquid extractions of human plasma, with diethyl ether for bisoprolol and with dichloromethane for metoprolol, coupled with a similar Nucleosil C(18) reversed-phase HPLC column. Fluorimetric detection was used to identify both beta-blockers. Retention times for bisoprolol and metoprolol were 8.7 and 3.2 min, respectively. Linear regressions for the calibration curves were linear at a concentration range of 6.25-200 ng/mL. Intra- and inter-day precision coefficients of variations and accuracy bias were acceptable (within 15%) over the entire range for both drugs. Average recovery was 89% for metoprolol and 98% for bisoprolol. Once the methods had been validated, analytical error functions were established as standard deviation (SD; ng/mL) = 2.216 + 3.608 x 10(-4)C(2) (C = theoretical concentration value) and SD-(ng/mL) = 0.408 + 0.378 x 10(-1)C for bisoprolol and metoprolol, respectively. The methods developed and their associated analytical error functions will be suitable for pharmacokinetic studies and for determination of plasma concentration if posology individualization of these drugs is needed.