[Detection and prevention of mental and motor disorders in childhood. 4. The group of children which were studied]. / Detekce a redukce smyslových a motorických poruch v detském veku. 4. Soubor sledovaných detí.

The authors submit basic data on a group of cca 11,000 children included in a research project Detection and reduction of sensory and motor disorders in childhood. The children were examined at time intervals fixed in advance (when care was initiated, during the 4th, 8th, 12th and 36th month of age). The reduction of the number of children in the course of three years, commonly encountered, is smaller than in the majority of longitudinal studies. The ratio of boys and girls corresponds to the ratio in the population and the distribution of data in the investigated regions is constant. In subsequent investigations the authors will submit eventually data from prenatal and postnatal investigations.

[Detection and prevention of mental and motor disorders in childhood. 3. Synopsis of a longitudinal study]. / Detekce a redukce smyslových a motorických poruch v detském veku. 3. Synopse longitudinální studie.

The submitted study is a brief account of theoretical and methodological solutions of a research project "Detection and reduction of sensory and motor disorders in childhood". In this research project the effectiveness of preventive examinations is assessed. It is focused on obtaining objective data on the incidence and prevalence of sensory and motor disorders. The authors describe the strategic aims, organization of data collection and processing. The empirical data should contribute to the rational development of preventive, therapeutic and rehabilitation procedures in paediatrics.

[Detection and reduction of mental and motor disorders in childhood. 2. Fundamentals and risks in longitudinal research in pediatrics]. / Detekce a redukce smyslových a motorických poruch v detském veku. 2. Prednosti a rizika longitudinálnich výzkumu v pediatrii.

The study characterizes basic types of longitudinal research designs for the long-term follow-up of children in health and disease. First the authors mention briefly the principles and disadvantages of cross-sectional research designs. Then they present a detailed account of methods of longitudinal research projects, evaluation of their advantages and their risks. Roughly fifty-year experience with longitudinal designs indicates that this pretentious research strategy can provide an overall view of developmental trends as regards changes of the health status of children in the ontogenetic perspective and contribute to improvement of health care of the child population.

[Prevention and reduction of psychological and motor defects in childhood. II. Advantages and risks of longitudinal studies in pediatrics]. / Prevence a redukce smyslových a motorických poruch v detském veku. II. Prednosti a rizika longitudinálních výzkumu v pediatrii.

The presented investigation characterized the general types of longitudinal projects focused on the long-term follow-up of children in health and disease. First the authors outline briefly the principles and disadvantages of cross-sectional projects. Then follows an account on the methodology of longitudinal projects, evaluation of their advantages and their multiple risks. Approximately 50 years of experience with longitudinal projects indicate that this pretentious research strategy can provide an overall view of developmental trends as regards changes of the health status in the ontogenetic perspective and contribute to the improvement of health care of the child population.

[Prague's study of illegitimate children, part 2. Changes in mothers' family status]. / Prazska studie deti narozenych mimo manzelstvi II. Vyvoj rodinneho stavu matek.

The authors examine changes in the status of 327 single mothers in Czechoslovakia as part of a long-term study on the development of children born to unmarried parents. "There prevails the tendency to conclude marriage with [the] father or at least to live in a permanent union with another man. The number of single [mothers] remains rather low and the tendency towards creating matrimonial families thus predominates." (SUMMARY IN ENG AND RUS)

[Prague's study of illegitimate children, Part 3. Family characteristics]. / Prazska studie deti narozenych mimo manzelstvi III. Rodinna anamneza deti.

PIP: Results from the third part of a long-term study of children born to unmarried parents in Prague, Czechoslovakia, are discussed, with a focus on the family characteristics of the parents of such children. Consideration is given to parental age and educational status and to changes in marital status. (SUMMARY IN ENG AND RUS)^ieng

[Prevention and reduction of sensory and motor disorders in childhood. Formulation of the problem]. / Prevence a redukce smyslových a motorických poruch v detském veku. Formulace problému.

At present the Scientific and Research Laboratory of Preventive and Social Medicine is concerned with an extensive longitudinal research "Detection and reduction of sensory and motor disorders". Specialists from various paediatrics disciplines and some 200 health community paediatricians from six districts on the CR and SSR participate in the research. The research comprises children born in these districts in one calendar year. In part 1 the authors give an account of the basis formulation of the research problem and its incorporation within a wider framework. The aim of the research is to reduce the incidence and prevalence of sensory and motor disorders or to test techniques of the early detection of symptoms which signalize the risks of various affections, and to create prerequisites for further improvement of the programme of preventive care of the child population.

[The needs of a child from the social pediatric viewpoint]. / Uber die Bedürfnisse eines Kindes aus sozialpädiatrischer Sicht.

A survey is given on biological, psychic and social basic needs of a child. Their realization and advancement by the paediatrician are drawn up to be a special request.