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1.
PeerJ ; 9: e11349, 2021.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33996288

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and obesity are complex pandemic diseases in the 21st century. Worldwide, the T allele rs7903146 in the TCF7L2 gene is recognized as a strong GWAS signal associated with T2DM. However, the association between the C allele and obesity is still poorly explored and needs to be replicated in other populations. Thus, the primary objectives of this study were to evaluate the TCF7L2 rs7903146 association with T2DM according to BMI status and to determine if this variant is related to obesity and BMI variation in a cohort of elderly Brazilians. METHODS: A total of 1,023 participants from an elderly census-based cohort called SABE (Saúde, Bem Estar e Envelhecimento-Health, Well-Being and Aging) were stratified by BMI status and type 2 diabetes presence. The TCF7L2 genotypes were filtered from the Online Archive of Brazilian Mutations (ABraOM-Online Archive of Brazilian Mutations) database, a web-based public database with sequencing data of samples of the SABE's participants. Logistic regression models and interaction analyses were performed. The BMI variation (∆BMI) was calculated from anthropometric data collected in up to two time-points with a ten-year-assessment interval. RESULTS: The association between the rs7903146 T allele and T2DM was inversely proportional to the BMI status, with an increased risk in the normal weight group (OR 3.36; 95% CI [1.46-7.74]; P = 0.004). We confirmed the T allele association with risk for T2DM after adjusting for possible confound ing variables (OR 2.35; 95% CI [1.28-4.32]; P = 0.006). Interaction analysis showed that the increased risk for T2DM conferred by the T allele is modified by BMI (P interaction = 0.008), age (P interaction = 0.005) and gender (P interaction = 0.026). A T allele protective effect against obesity was observed (OR 0.71; 95% CI [0.54-0.94]; P = 0.016). The C allele increased obesity risk (OR 1.40; 95% CI [1.06-1.84]; P = 0.017) and the CC genotype showed a borderline association with abdominal obesity risk (OR 1.28; 95% CI [1.06-1.67]; P = 0.045). The CC genotype increased the obesity risk factor after adjusting for possible confounding variables (OR 1.41; 95% CI [1.06-1.86]; P = 0.017). An increase of the TT genotype in the second tertile of ∆BMI values was observed in participants without type 2 diabetes (OR 5.13; 95% CI [1.40-18.93]; P = 0.009) in the recessive genetic model. CONCLUSION: We confirmed that the rs7903146 is both associated with T2DM and obesity. The TCF7L2 rs7903146 T allele increased T2DM risk in the normal weight group and interacted with sex, age and BMI, while the C allele increased obesity risk. The TT genotype was associated with a lesser extent of BMI variation over the SABE study's 10-year period.

2.
Rev Soc Bras Med Trop ; 52: e20190095, 2019 Jul 18.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31340369

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Staphylococcus aureus is a major nosocomial pathogen that is associated with high virulence and the rapid development of drug resistance. METHODS: We analyzed and compared the antimicrobial resistance, virulence profiles, and molecular epidemiology of 67 S. aureus strains, including 36 methicillin-sensitive (MSSA) and 31 methicillin-resistant (MRSA) strains recovered from a public hospital located in south-eastern Brazil. RESULTS: The clones circulating in this hospital presented a great diversity, and the majority of the strains were related to clones responsible for causing worldwide epidemics: these included USA100 (New York/Japan clone), USA300, and USA600. The 31 MRSA (22 SCCmecII and 9 SCCmecIV) and 36 MSSA strains exhibited low resistance against gentamicin and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. No MRSA strain showed resistance to tetracycline. Virulence gene carriage was more diverse and abundant in MSSA than in MRSA. Of the evaluated adhesion-related genes, ebpS was the most prevalent in both MSSA and MRSA strains. The genes bbp and cna showed a strong association with MSSA strains. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings reinforce the idea that MSSA and MRSA strains should be carefully monitored, owing to their high pathogenic potential.


Assuntos
Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Resistência a Meticilina , Staphylococcus aureus Resistente à Meticilina/genética , Staphylococcus aureus/efeitos dos fármacos , Staphylococcus aureus/genética , Fatores de Virulência/genética , Brasil/epidemiologia , Hospitais Públicos , Humanos , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Epidemiologia Molecular , Infecções Estafilocócicas/epidemiologia , Staphylococcus aureus/classificação , Staphylococcus aureus/isolamento & purificação , Centros de Atenção Terciária , Virulência/genética
3.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop ; 52: e20190095, 2019. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: biblio-1013299

RESUMO

Abstract INTRODUCTION Staphylococcus aureus is a major nosocomial pathogen that is associated with high virulence and the rapid development of drug resistance. METHODS We analyzed and compared the antimicrobial resistance, virulence profiles, and molecular epidemiology of 67 S. aureus strains, including 36 methicillin-sensitive (MSSA) and 31 methicillin-resistant (MRSA) strains recovered from a public hospital located in south-eastern Brazil. RESULTS The clones circulating in this hospital presented a great diversity, and the majority of the strains were related to clones responsible for causing worldwide epidemics: these included USA100 (New York/Japan clone), USA300, and USA600. The 31 MRSA (22 SCCmecII and 9 SCCmecIV) and 36 MSSA strains exhibited low resistance against gentamicin and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. No MRSA strain showed resistance to tetracycline. Virulence gene carriage was more diverse and abundant in MSSA than in MRSA. Of the evaluated adhesion-related genes, ebpS was the most prevalent in both MSSA and MRSA strains. The genes bbp and cna showed a strong association with MSSA strains. CONCLUSIONS Our findings reinforce the idea that MSSA and MRSA strains should be carefully monitored, owing to their high pathogenic potential.


Assuntos
Humanos , Staphylococcus aureus/efeitos dos fármacos , Staphylococcus aureus/genética , Resistência a Meticilina , Fatores de Virulência/genética , Staphylococcus aureus Resistente à Meticilina/genética , Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Infecções Estafilocócicas/epidemiologia , Staphylococcus aureus/isolamento & purificação , Staphylococcus aureus/classificação , Virulência/genética , Brasil/epidemiologia , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Epidemiologia Molecular , Centros de Atenção Terciária , Hospitais Públicos
4.
Braz. j. infect. dis ; 21(6): 656-659, Nov.-Dec. 2017. graf
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: biblio-1039207

RESUMO

ABSTRACT Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium (VREfm) has emerged as an important global nosocomial pathogen, and this trend is associated with the spread of high-risk clones. Here, we determined the genetic and phenotypic features of 93 VREfm isolates that were obtained from patients in 13 hospitals in Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil, during 2012-2013. All the isolates were vancomycin-resistant and harbored the vanA gene. Only 6 (6.5%) of the VREfm isolates showed the ability to form biofilm. The 93 isolates analyzed belong to a single pulsed-field gel electrophoresis lineage and presented six subtypes. MLST genotyping showed that all VREfm belonged to ST412 (the high-risk clone, hospital-adapted). The present study describes the dissemination of ST412 clone in the local hospitals. The clonal spread of these ST412 isolates in the area we analyzed as well as other hospitals in southeastern Brazil supports the importance of identifying and controlling the presence of these microorganisms in health care-related services.


Assuntos
Humanos , Infecção Hospitalar/microbiologia , Infecções por Bactérias Gram-Positivas/microbiologia , Enterococcus faecium/genética , Enterococos Resistentes à Vancomicina/genética , Proteínas de Bactérias , Brasil , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Técnicas de Tipagem Bacteriana , Enterococcus faecium/efeitos dos fármacos , Eletroforese em Gel de Campo Pulsado , Tipagem de Sequências Multilocus , Enterococos Resistentes à Vancomicina/efeitos dos fármacos , Antibacterianos/farmacologia
5.
Braz J Infect Dis ; 21(6): 656-659, 2017.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28759747

RESUMO

Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium (VREfm) has emerged as an important global nosocomial pathogen, and this trend is associated with the spread of high-risk clones. Here, we determined the genetic and phenotypic features of 93 VREfm isolates that were obtained from patients in 13 hospitals in Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil, during 2012-2013. All the isolates were vancomycin-resistant and harbored the vanA gene. Only 6 (6.5%) of the VREfm isolates showed the ability to form biofilm. The 93 isolates analyzed belong to a single pulsed-field gel electrophoresis lineage and presented six subtypes. MLST genotyping showed that all VREfm belonged to ST412 (the high-risk clone, hospital-adapted). The present study describes the dissemination of ST412 clone in the local hospitals. The clonal spread of these ST412 isolates in the area we analyzed as well as other hospitals in southeastern Brazil supports the importance of identifying and controlling the presence of these microorganisms in health care-related services.


Assuntos
Infecção Hospitalar/microbiologia , Enterococcus faecium/genética , Infecções por Bactérias Gram-Positivas/microbiologia , Enterococos Resistentes à Vancomicina/genética , Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Proteínas de Bactérias , Técnicas de Tipagem Bacteriana , Brasil , Eletroforese em Gel de Campo Pulsado , Enterococcus faecium/efeitos dos fármacos , Humanos , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Tipagem de Sequências Multilocus , Enterococos Resistentes à Vancomicina/efeitos dos fármacos
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