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Spirulina platensis has shown effectiveness in the treatment of allergic rhinitis in rats, but its action in tracheal reactivity or on markers of relaxation and antioxidant profile has not yet been possible to determine. In this paper, the animals were divided into the groups healthy (SG) and supplemented with S. platensis at doses of 50 (SG50), 150 (SG150), and 500 mg/kg (SG500). We also evaluated nitrite levels, lipid peroxidation, and antioxidant activity through biochemical analysis. For contractile reactivity, only SG500 (pEC50 = 5.2 ± 0.06 showed reduction in carbachol contractile potency. Indomethacin caused a higher contractile response to carbachol in SG150 and SG500. For relaxation, curves for SG150 (pEC50 = 5.0 ± 0.05) and SG500 (pEC50 = 7:3 ± 0:02) were shifted to the left, more so in SG500. We observed an increase in nitrite in the trachea only with supplementation of 500 mg/kg (54.0 ± 8.0 µM), also when compared to SG50 (37.0 ± 10.0 µM) and SG150 (38.0 ± 7.0 µM). We observed a decrease in lipid peroxidation in the plasma and an increase in oxidation inhibition for the trachea and lung in SG150 and SG500, suggesting enhanced antioxidant activity. S. platensis (150/500 mg/kg) decreased the contractile response and increased relaxation by increasing antioxidant activity and nitrite levels and modulating the inflammatory response.
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Abstract Objectives To investigate how quickly active video games, structured and unstructured, provide changes in hemodynamic variables in young adults during a 6-week intervention. Method Twenty participants after baseline assessments, participants were randomized: structured active videogame (n = 6), unstructured active videogame (n = 7) and a control group (n = 7). Participants played their respective active videogame 3 times a week for 6-weeks (30 min-session). Results Structured active videogame in exactly 6 weeks shown improvements reducing the heart rate (heart rate; 14% of variation; p < 0.05). Otherwise, not confirmed to both active videogame interventions in systolic blood pressure but maintain the diastolic blood pressure during these 6 weeks (systolic blood pressure-unstructured: −2% and Structured: 11%; diastolic blood pressure-unstructured: 0% and structured: 0%; p > 0.05). Conclusions The 6-week training program with active videogame reduced the heart rate (structured - 6th week). However, active videogames generally do not promoted benefits for normotensive young adults.
Resumo Objetivos Investigar o quão rápido os videogames ativos, estruturados e não estruturados, proporcionam mudanças em variáveis hemodinâmicas em adultos jovens durante uma intervenção de seis semanas. Método Foram randomizados 20 participantes após avaliações iniciais: videogame ativo estruturado (n = 6), videogame ativo não estruturado (n = 7) e um grupo controle (n = 7). Os participantes fizeram seu respectivo videogame ativo três vezes por semana durante seis semanas (30 minutos por sessão). Resultados videogame ativo estruturado em exatamente seis semanas mostrou redução da frequência cardíaca (frequência cardíaca; 14% de variação; p < 0,05). Por outro lado, não confirmou em ambas as intervenções de videogame ativo pressão arterial sistólica, porém manteve a pressão arterial diastólica durante essas seis semanas (pressão arterial sistólica não estruturada: -2% e estruturadas: 11%; pressão arterial diastólica não estruturada: 0% e estruturada: 0%; p < 0,05). Conclusão O programa de treinamento de seis semanas com videogame ativo reduziu o frequência cardíaca (estruturado seis semanas). Porém, de forma geral, os videogames ativos não promoveram benefícios em adultos jovens normotensos.
Resumen Objetivos Analizar la rapidez con la cual los videojuegos activos, estructurados y no estructurados, generan cambios en las variables hemodinámicas en adultos jóvenes durante una intervención de 6 semanas. Método Se distribuyó aleatoriamente a 20 participantes según las evaluaciones iniciales: videojuego activo estructurado (n = 6), videojuego activo no estructurado (n = 7) y grupo control (n = 7). Los participantes jugaron con sus respectivos videojuegos activos 3 veces por semana durante 6 semanas (sesiones de 30 minutos). Resultados Los videojuegos activos estructurados en exactamente 6 semanas mostraron que reducían la frecuencia cardíaca (frecuencia cardiaca; 14% de la variación; p<0,05). En cambio, no se confirmó en ambas intervenciones de videojuegos activos la presión arterial sistólica, pero se mantuvo la presión arterial diastólica durante estas 6 semanas (presión arterial sistólica en no estructurados: -2% y en estructurados: 11%; presión arterial diastólica en no estructurados: 0% y en estructurados: 0%, p>0,05). Conclusiones El programa de entrenamiento de 6 semanas con videojuegos activos redujo la frecuencia cardiaca (estructurado - sexta semana). Sin embargo, de forma general los videojuegos activos no promueven beneficios en adultos jóvenes normotensos.
RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of high-intensity resistance exercise on postexercise hypotension (PEH) and forearm vascular resistance (FVR) in the hypertensive elderly. METHODOLOGY: The study was conducted with ten hypertensive elderly individuals (65 ± 3 years, 28·7 ± 3 kg m(-2)). They were subjected to three experimental sessions: control session (SC), exercise 50% (S50%) and 80% (S80%) of 1RM. For each session, subjects were evaluated pre-and postintervention. In the preintervention, the blood pressure (BP) and FVR were measured after 10 min of rest. Thereafter, they were taken to the gym to perform the exercise sessions or remained at rest in each of the equipment during the same time. Both S50% and S80% were composed of a set of ten repetitions of ten exercises, with an interval of 90 s between exercises. Subsequently, the FVR and BP measurements were again performed at 10, 30, 50, 70 and 90 min of recovery (postintervention). RESULTS: The PEH was greater in S80% compared with S50%, with the lower value of BP being found at 90 min of recovery for the two sessions (systolic BP: 115 ± 3,0 mmHg versus 124 ± 5 mmHg; diastolic BP: 75 ± 5 mmHg versus 86 ± 3 mmHg and mean BP: 87 ± 3 mmHg versus 95 ± 4 mmHg, respectively). Concomitantly, the FVR also decreased significantly in both sessions, this reduction being more evident in S80% (P<0·05). CONCLUSION: High-intensity resistance exercise was effective in promoting PEH, this phenomenon being accompanied by a reduction in FVR within the first minute of recovery in the hypertensive elderly.
