RESUMO
Classical experiments using hierarchical stimuli to investigate the ability of capuchin monkeys to integrate visual information based on global or local clues reported findings suggesting a behavioral preference for local information of the image. Many experiments using mosaics have been conducted with capuchin monkeys to identify some of their perceptual phenotypes. As the identification of an image in a mosaic demands the integration of elements that share some visual features, we evaluated the discrimination of shapes presented in solid and mosaic stimuli in capuchin monkeys. Shape discrimination performance was tested in 2 male adult capuchin monkeys in an experimental chamber with a touchscreen video monitor, in three experiments: (i) evaluation of global and local processing using hierarchical stimuli; (ii) evaluation of target detection using simple discrimination procedures; (iii) evaluation of shape discrimination using simple discrimination and delayed matching-to-sample procedures. We observed that both monkeys had preferences for local processing when tested by hierarchical stimuli. Additionally, detection performance for solid and mosaic targets was highly significant, but for shape discrimination tasks we found significant performance when using solid figures, non-significant performance when using circle and square shapes in mosaic stimuli, and significant performance when using Letter X and Number 8 shapes in mosaic stimuli. Our results are suggestive that the monkeys respond to local contrast and partly to global contrast in mosaic stimuli.
Assuntos
Sapajus , Animais , Masculino , Estimulação Luminosa , Discriminação Psicológica/fisiologia , Percepção de Forma/fisiologia , Reconhecimento Visual de Modelos/fisiologiaRESUMO
Abstract Introduction Cervical cancer is caused by a persistent infection with some types of human papillomavirus (HPV), and its treatment entails chemotherapy, radiotherapy and surgery. This may cause different kinds of dysfunction in the pelvic floor. Hence, physiotherapy plays an important role in the evaluation and treatment of urogynecological dysfunctions occasioned by the oncological treatment. Objective To develop a digital technology in application format to help physiotherapists in the assessment of pelvic dysfunctions after cervical cancer. Methods A digital technology in application format was developed after approval from the Ethics in Research Committee of the Tropical Medical Center. The instrument was developed by a physiotherapist with expertise and experience in the area. The researchers held meetings to finalize the creation of the checklist, and the application was programmed using the Android Studio Environment. In the end, the application was evaluated by two physiotherapist experts in the field. Results The application created displays five sections addressing the symptoms of urinary dysfunction, sexual function, anal function, pain and alterations such as: lymphedema, vaginal stenosis and vaginal fibrosis. Conclusion The use of the application may help physiotherapists in the assessment of pelvic dysfunctions after cervical cancer.
Resumo Introdução O câncer de colo do útero é causado pela infecção persistente por alguns tipos de papilomavírus humano e o seu tratamento envolve quimioterapia, radioterapia e cirurgia, podendo ocasio-nar diferentes disfunções no assoalho pélvico. Desta forma, a fisioterapia tem papel importante na avaliação e tratamento das disfunções pélvicas decorrentes do tratamento oncológico. Objetivo Desenvolver uma tecnologia digital em formato de aplicativo para auxiliar fisioterapeutas na avaliação de disfunções pélvicas após câncer de colo do útero. Métodos Trata-se do desenvolvimento de uma tecnologia digital em formato de aplicativo, que foi realizado após aprovação do Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa do Núcleo de Medicina Tropical. O instrumento foi elaborado por fisioterapeutas com expertise e experiência na área. Os pesquisadores realizaram reuniões para finalizar o processo de criação do checklist, e o aplicativo foi programado em ambiente Androide Studio. Ao final, o aplicativo foi avaliado por duas fisioterapeutas especialistas na área. Resultados O aplicativo criado apresenta cinco capítulos abordando sintomas de disfunção urinária, função sexual, função anal, dor e alterações como linfedema, estenose vaginal e fibrose vaginal. Conclusão A utilização do aplicativo poderá auxiliar os profissionais fisioterapeutas na avaliação de disfunções pélvicas após câncer de colo do útero.
