Reproductive Desire in Women Living with HIV/AIDS with Serodiscordant Partners.

OBJECTIVE: To estimate the prevalence and factors associated with reproductive desire in a sample of women living with HIV/AIDS (WLHA) with serodiscordant partners. STUDY DESIGN: Between September 2015 and August 2016, a cross-sectional study was conducted among 110 WLHA from HIV/AIDS treatment services and non-governmental organizations. An interview was conducted using a structured questionnaire to collect sociodemographic data, reproductive desire, and potential predictor variables. Poisson regression was used to analyze the factors associated with reproductive desire in the sample. RESULTS: The prevalence of reproductive desire was 32.7% (95% Confidence Interval: % CI: 24.7-42.0%). In regression analysis, we observed an association between reproductive desire and the following variables: age < 30 years; relationship time < 2 years; reproductive desire for the partner; and absence of children. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of reproductive desire in the investigated sample was relatively high. Young age and reproductive desire for the partner were the main associated factors.

Molecular epidemiological investigation of Mayaro virus in febrile patients from Goiania City, 2017-2018.

Mayaro virus (MAYV) has historically been associated with sylvatic transmission; however, urban outbreaks have been reported in Brazil, including cases of co-detection with dengue virus (DENV). Therefore, we performed a molecular survey to investigate MAYV circulation and cocirculation with DENV within Goiania, a major city in Central-West Brazil. Among 375 subjects with arbovirus-like symptoms, 259 were positive for DENV and 26 for MAYV. Of these, 17 were coinfected with DENV-2, suggesting co-transmission of the viruses. The most common complaints at the time of inclusion were myalgia, headache, fever, arthralgia, retro-orbital pain, and skin rash. No specific symptoms were associated with MAYV when either detected alone or co-detected with DENV, compared to that when DENV was detected alone. Most MAYV-infected subjects were women with no recent travel history to rural/sylvatic areas. Phylogenetic reconstruction indicated that the MAYV identified in this study is closely related with a lineage observed in Peru, belonging to genotype D. Our results corroborate the growing circulation of MAYV in urban environments in Brazil and reinforce the need to implement laboratory diagnosis in the Unified Health System, considering that the clinical manifestations of Mayaro fever are similar to those of other arboviruses, particularly dengue. Furthermore, most cases occurred in association with DENV-2. Further phylogenetic studies are needed to evaluate MAYV, which has not been widely examined.

Epidemiology of hepatitis B virus infection in people living in poverty in the central-west region of Brazil.

BACKGROUND: People living in poverty (PLP) are highly vulnerable to hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. This study aimed to investigate the epidemiology of HBV infection in PLP in the metropolitan region of Goiânia, Goiás State, in the Central-West Region of Brazil. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted from August to December 2016 in adults aged ≥12 years living in poverty. The following serological markers for HBV were investigated: hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), antibody to HBV core antigen (total anti-HBc), IgM anti-HBc, and hepatitis B surface antibody (anti-HBs), which were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Poisson regression analysis with robust variance was performed to verify the factors associated with HBV exposure. RESULTS: The study included 378 participants. The overall prevalence rate of HBV (any viral marker) was 9.8% (95% confidence interval [CI], 7.2-13.2). The prevalence rate of HBsAg in combination with total anti-HBc was 0.8% (95% CI, 0.3-2.4), total anti-HBc in combination with anti-HBs was 7.7% (95% CI, 5.4-10.9), and total anti-HBc alone was 1.3% (95% CI, 0.5-3.0) in the population. Furthermore, isolated positivity for anti-HBs was identified in only 25.4% (95% CI, 21.3-30.0) of the participants. Multiple regression analysis revealed that age (adjusted prevalence ratio [APR], 1.04; 95% CI, 1.01-1.07), female sex (APR, 2.18; 95% CI, 1.01-4.73), sexual intercourse under the influence of alcohol (APR, 2.49; 95% CI, 1.36-7.06), and exposure to Treponema pallidum (APR, 3.10; 95% CI, 1.36-7.06) were associated with HBV exposure. CONCLUSION: There was a high prevalence of HBV exposure in PLP in the Central-West Region of Brazil, indicating significant viral spread of the infection. Additionally, there was low serological evidence of immunisation against hepatitis B, indicating that a large proportion of the participants in this study are susceptible to the infection. The results support the need for public health policies that facilitate access to the existing healthcare services in hard-to-reach groups with special regard to immunisation programmes against hepatitis B.

Bio-behavioral survey of syphilis in homeless men in Central Brazil: a cross-sectional study.

The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence and factors associated with syphilis in homeless men in Central Brazil. It is a cross-sectional study conducted with 481 individuals attending four therapeutic communities between October and December 2015. A structured interview was conducted to collect sociodemographic data and risk factors for syphilis. Rapid/point-of-care and VDRL tests were performed to determine exposure to syphilis and the presence of active syphilis, respectively. Poisson regression analysis was used to verify the risk factors associated with the outcomes investigated. Of the study participants, 10.2% were reactive to the rapid test, and 5.4% had active syphilis. At the multiple regression analysis, schooling (adjusted prevalence ratio - APR: 0.89; p = 0.005), history of genital ulcer (APR: 2.59; p = 0.002), STI history (APR: 1.97; p = 0.042), and sexual intercourse under drug effects (APR: 1.60; p = 0.022) were independent factors associated with lifetime syphilis. Also, history of genital ulcer (APR: 2.19; p = 0.019), STI history (APR: 1.74; p = 0.033) and number of sexual partners in the last year (APR: 1.02; p = 0.044) were associated with active syphilis. The prevalence of syphilis among homeless men was rather high, confirming the vulnerability of this group to this infection. These results emphasize the need for educational intervention, improvement of risk reduction programs, availability of diagnostic tests, especially the rapid test, and treatment.

HIV infection, high-risk behaviors and substance use in homeless men sheltered in therapeutic communities in Central Brazil.

Homeless men present high vulnerability to HIV infection, mainly due to sexual risk behaviors and substance use. The objective was to estimate the prevalence of HIV infection, risk behaviors and substance use in homeless men. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 481 homeless men recruited in four therapeutic communities in the Goiás State, Central Brazil. All were interviewed about sociodemographic characteristics, substance use, and risk behaviors. Furthermore, all were tested for HIV. Poisson regression was used to verify factors associated with HIV infection. HIV prevalence was 1.24% (95.0% CI: 0.57 to 2.69%). Previous HIV testing (adjusted prevalence ratio [APR]: 10.0; 95.0% CI: 1.86-55.8) and years of education (APR: 0.76; 95.0% CI: 0.60-0.97) were factors associated with HIV infection. Participants had high rates of hazardous alcohol use and illicit drug use. The prevalence of HIV infection among homeless men was higher than that found in the Brazilian male population and we identified a high rate of risk behaviors for HIV among the homeless men investigated. Thus, it is necessary to expand HIV prevention measures in Brazil, such as health education, condom availability, regular HIV testing and increased testing coverage in this population, and treatment for alcohol and/or illicit drug dependence/abuse.

Bio-behavioral survey of syphilis in homeless men in Central Brazil: a cross-sectional study / Um inquérito bio-comportamental sobre sífilis em homens sem-teto no Centro-oeste do Brasil: um estudo transversal / Cuestionario bioconductual sobre la sífilis en hombres sin techo en el Centro-oeste de Brasil: un estudio transversal

The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence and factors associated with syphilis in homeless men in Central Brazil. It is a cross-sectional study conducted with 481 individuals attending four therapeutic communities between October and December 2015. A structured interview was conducted to collect sociodemographic data and risk factors for syphilis. Rapid/point-of-care and VDRL tests were performed to determine exposure to syphilis and the presence of active syphilis, respectively. Poisson regression analysis was used to verify the risk factors associated with the outcomes investigated. Of the study participants, 10.2% were reactive to the rapid test, and 5.4% had active syphilis. At the multiple regression analysis, schooling (adjusted prevalence ratio - APR: 0.89; p = 0.005), history of genital ulcer (APR: 2.59; p = 0.002), STI history (APR: 1.97; p = 0.042), and sexual intercourse under drug effects (APR: 1.60; p = 0.022) were independent factors associated with lifetime syphilis. Also, history of genital ulcer (APR: 2.19; p = 0.019), STI history (APR: 1.74; p = 0.033) and number of sexual partners in the last year (APR: 1.02; p = 0.044) were associated with active syphilis. The prevalence of syphilis among homeless men was rather high, confirming the vulnerability of this group to this infection. These results emphasize the need for educational intervention, improvement of risk reduction programs, availability of diagnostic tests, especially the rapid test, and treatment.

O estudo teve como objetivo investigar a prevalência da sífilis e fatores associados em homens sem-teto no Centro-oeste do Brasil. A amostra nesse estudo transversal incluiu 481 indivíduos que frequentavam comunidades terapêuticas entre outubro e dezembro de 2015. Uma entrevista estruturada foi usada para coletar dados sociodemográficos e fatores de risco para sífilis. Foram realizados testes rápidos e VDRL para determinar a exposição à sífilis e a presença de sífilis ativa, respectivamente. A análise de regressão de Poisson foi usada para verificar os fatores de risco associados aos desfechos investigados. Entre os participantes, 10,2% foram reativos ao teste rápido e 5,4% tinham sífilis ativa. Na análise de regressão múltipla, a escolaridade (razão de prevalência ajustada - RPA: 0,89; p = 0,005), história de úlcera genital (RPA: 2,59; p = 0,002), história de DST (RPA: 1,97; p = 0,042) e relações sexuais sob o efeito de drogas (RPA: 1,60; p = 0,022) apareceram como fatores independentes associados à história pregressa de sífilis. Além disso, a história de úlcera genital (RPA: 2,19; p = 0,019), história de DST (RPA: 1,74; p = 0,033) e número de parceiros sexuais no último ano (RPA: 1,02; p = 0,044) estiveram associados à sífilis ativa. A prevalência de sífilis em homens sem-teto era bastante elevada, confirmando a vulnerabilidade desse grupo à infecção. Os achados enfatizam a necessidade de intervenções educacionais, melhoria dos programas de redução de risco, disponibilidade de testes diagnósticos (sobretudo o teste rápido) e tratamento adequado.

El objetivo de este estudio fue investigar la prevalencia y los factores asociados con la sífilis en hombres sin techo en el Centro-oeste de Brasil. Se trata de un estudio transversal, llevado a cabo con 481 personas que asistían a cuatro comunidades terapéuticas entre octubre y diciembre de 2015. La entrevista estructurada se realizó con el fin de recabar datos sociodemográficos y factores de riesgo para la sífilis. Se realizaron pruebas de diagnóstico rápido y serológicas para la sífilis (VDRL por sus siglas en inglés) para determinar la exposición a la sífilis y la presencia de sífilis activa, respectivamente. Se usó el análisis por regresión de Poisson para verificar los factores de riesgo asociados con los resultados investigados. Entre los participantes en el estudio, un 10,2% fueron reactivos a las pruebas de diagnóstico rápido, y un 5,4% tenían sífilis activa. En el análisis de regresión múltiple, la escolarización (la razón de prevalencia ajustada - APR: 0,89; p = 0,005), un historial de úlcera genital (APR: 2,59; p = 0,002), un historial de ETS (APR: 1,97; p = 0,042), e intercambios sexuales bajo los efectos de las drogas (APR: 1,60; p = 0,022) fueron factores independientes asociados con la sífilis a lo largo de la vida. Asimismo, un historial de úlcera genital (APR: 2,19; p = 0,019), un historial de ETS (APR: 1,74; p = 0,033) y el número de parejas de índole sexual en el último año (APR: 1,02; p = 0,044) estuvieron asociados con sífilis activa. La prevalencia de sífilis entre los hombres sin techo fue bastante alta, confirmando la vulnerabilidad de este grupo a la infección. Estos resultados enfatizan la necesidad de intervenciones educativas, así como una mejora en los programas de reducción del riesgo, disponibilidad de pruebas de diagnóstico, especialmente pruebas rápidas, y tratamiento.

Reproductive desire among women living with HIV/AIDS in Central Brazil: Prevalence and associated factors.

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to estimate the prevalence and examine the factors associated with reproductive desire among women living with HIV/AIDS (WLWHA) in Central Brazil. METHODS: A cross-sectional study involving 274 WLWHA, aged 18 to 49 years, was conducted with the support of treatment services and non-governmental organizations that assist people living with HIV/AIDS. Data regarding sociodemographic characteristics, substance use, sexual behavior, and reproductive variables were collected through interviews. Poisson regression with robust variance was used to analyze the factors associated with reproductive desire. RESULTS: The prevalence of reproductive desire was 25.9% (95.0% confidence interval [CI]: 21.1-31.4%). This outcome was associated with age < 30 years (adjusted prevalence ratio [APR]: 2.93; p < 0.001), black skin color or race (APR: 2.28; p = 0.017), partner's reproductive desire (APR: 7.55; p < 0.001), absence of children (APR: 2.13; p = 0.003), history of abortion (APR: 1.65; p = 0.045) and undetectable viral load at the time of data collection (APR: 1.92; p = 0.043). CONCLUSION: The prevalence of reproductive desire among WLWHA was relatively high. It is necessary to include fertility issues as part of assistance and counseling for women in referral services to support them with their feelings, goals, and needs regarding reproductive choices.

High Frequency of Mayaro Virus IgM among Febrile Patients, Central Brazil.

Mayaro virus (MAYV), an Aedes mosquito-borne alphavirus, is endemic to Brazil and other South America countries. We investigated dengue- and chikungunya-negative febrile patients visiting rural areas near Goiânia, Goiás, and found a high proportion (55%) of MAYV IgM. Our findings suggest the presence of highly endemic foci of MAYV in central Brazil.

Exposure to hepatitis C virus in homeless men in Central Brazil: a cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND: Homeless men are highly vulnerable to acquisition of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) compared to the general population. In Brazil, a country of continental dimensions, the extent of HCV infection in this population remains unknown. The objective of this study is to investigate the epidemiological profile of exposure to HCV in homeless men in Central Brazil. METHODS: A Cross-sectional study was conducted in 481 men aged over 18 years attending therapeutic communities specialized in the recovery and reintegration of homeless people. Participants were tested for anti-HCV markers using rapid tests. Poisson regression analysis was used to verify the risk factors associated with exposure to HCV. RESULTS: The prevalence of HCV exposure was 2.5% (95.0% CI: 1.4 to 4.3%) and was associated with age, absence of family life, injection drug use, number of sexual partners, and history of sexually transmitted infections (STI). Participants reported multiple risk behaviors, such as alcohol (78.9%), cocaine (37.1%) and/or crack use (53.1%), and inconsistent condom use (82.6%). Injection drug use was reported by 8.7% of participants. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of HCV infection among homeless men was relatively high. Several risk behaviors were commonly reported, which shows the high vulnerability of this population. These findings emphasize the need for the development of specific strategies to reduce the risk of HCV among homeless men.

Avaliação da autoestima em pessoas vivendo com HIV/AIDS no município de Ribeirão Preto-SP / Evaluation of self-esteem in people living with HIV/AIDS in the city of Ribeirão Preto, state of São Paulo, Brazil / Evaluación de la autoestima en personas que viven con el VIH/SIDA en el municipio de Ribeirão Preto, estado de São Paulo, Brasil

Esse estudo de corte transversal teve como objetivo avaliar a autoestima de pessoas com HIV/aids e relacioná-la com fatores sociodemográficos e clínicos. Participaram 331 pessoas com HIV/aids, que faziam acompanhamento em dois serviços de referência de um município do interior paulista, entre 2007 e 2010. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevistas individuais, utilizando-se Escala de autoestima de Rosenberg. Dos entrevistados, 167 (50,5%) eram do sexo masculino, faixa etária predominante entre 30 e 39 anos (42,0%). Com referência às variáveis relacionadas à sexualidade, 82,2% declararam-se heterossexuais e 84,6% referiram ter se infectado por via sexual. Quanto à avaliação da autoestima, a média obtida foi de 25,25. Os impactos negativos quer físico, social ou emocional da infecção pelo HIV, revelaram a necessidade dos serviços de saúde estarem preparados para oferecer assistência integral às pessoas com HIV/aids, valorizando os fatores psicossociais.

This cross-sectional study aimed evaluate self-esteem individuals with HIV/AIDS and relate it to sociodemographic and clinical factors. 331 people with HIV/AIDS, who were assisted at two referral centers in a city of the interior of São Paulo state between 2007 and 2010, participated of the study. Data were collected through individual interviews, using self-esteem scale of Rosenberg. 167 (50.5%) of the respondents were male, mostly between 30 and 39 years old (42.0%). Considering the variables related to sexuality, 82.2% reported being heterosexual and 84.6% referred to have been infected by sexual intercourse. Regarding the evaluation of self-esteem, the avarage score was 25.25. The negative impacts whether physical, social or emotional of HIV infection revealed the need for health services prepared to offer comprehensive care for people with HIV/AIDS, valuing the psychosocial factors.

Este estudio transversal objetivó evaluar autoestima individuos con VIH/SIDA y relacionarla con factores sociodemográficos y clínicos. 331 personas con VIH/SIDA, asistidas en dos centros de referencia en una ciudad del estado de São Paulo entre 2007 y 2010, participaron del estudio. Datos fueron recolectados a través de entrevistas individuales, utilizándose la escala de autoestima de Rosenberg. De los encuestados, 167 (50,5%) eran hombres, en su mayoría entre 30 y 39 años (42,0%). Con referencia a variables relacionadas con sexualidad, 82,2% reportaron ser heterosexual y 84,6% informaron de que habían sido infectados por relaciones sexuales. En cuanto a la evaluación de autoestima, la pontuación media fue de 25,25. Impactos negativos sea físicos, sociales o emocionales de la infección por el VIH revelaron la necesidad de servicios de salud preparados para ofrecer una atención integral para personas con VIH/SIDA, valorizando factores psicosociales.

[Genital human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in women in the province of Asti (Italy)]. / Infezione genitale da Human Papillomavirus in donne della popolazione generale nella provincia di Asti.

The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of HPV infection in women in the general population and identify associated risk factors. Five hundred women participating in a cervical cancer screening program were included in the study which was performed in Asti between April 2005 and October 2005. The prevalence of HPV infection was 10.6%. The most common genotypes were types 18, 16, 51 and 31. Cigarette smoke and oral contraceptive use were found to be significantly associated with infection.

Alterações celulares em exame colpocitológico de reeducandas do complexo prisional da região metropolitana de Goiânia / Cellular changes in vaginal smears of inmates of the prison complex in the metropolitan area of Goiânia

Introdução: a colpocitologia oncótica tem se mostrado um método de triagem eficaz na prevenção de câncer de colo uterino e de suas lesões precursoras.Objetivo: identificar as alterações celulares presentes nos resultados da colpocitologia oncótica realizada em reeducandas. Métodos: estudo de cortetransversal e analítico, realizado com reeducandas do Complexo Prisional da Região Metropolitana de Goiânia, Goiás. Resultados: participaram da entrevista 148 mulheres, e 104 realizaram o exame colpocitológico. A população constituiu-se por mulheres que possuíam no máximo 30 anos de idade(57,6%), eram naturais de Goiás (66,3%), solteiras (45,2%), com baixa escolaridade e baixa renda. Quanto à adequabilidade da amostra, 94,2% foram consideradas satisfatórias. O exame colpocitológico identificou 10,2% de alterações celulares classificadas em: ASC-US (4,1%), ASG-US (2,0%), LSIL(1,0%) e HSIL (3,1%). Conclusão: os resultados deste estudo mostram a necessidade de adoção de políticas de saúde voltadas para este grupo.

Introduction: the Pap smear has proven an effective method of screening in preventing cervical cancer and premalignant lesions. Objective: identify the cellular changes present in the results of Pap smear performed on inmates. Methods: cross-sectional study and analytical study carried out with thein mates of the Metropolitan Prison Complex in Goiania, Goias. Results: 148 women participated in the interview and 104 underwent the Pap test. Thepopulation consisted of women who had at least 30 years of age (57.6%) were born in Goias (66.3%), single (45.2%), low education and low in come. Asto the adequacy of the sample, 94.2% were considered satisfactory. The smear test identified 10.2% of cell changes classified as ASC-US (4.1%), ASG-US(2.0%), LSIL (1.0%) and HSIL (3.1%). Conclusion: the results of this study show the need for adoption of health policies aimed at this group.

Epidemiology of hepatitis B virus infection in first-time blood donors in the southwestern region of Goiás, central Brazil

INTRODUCTION: Little is known about the epidemiology of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in populations from inner cities, especially in Central Brazil. Thus the objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of HBV infection, and to analyze the factors associated with HBV infection, in a population of first-time blood donors in the southwestern region of Goiás, Central Brazil. METHODS: A total of 984 individuals were interviewed and gave blood samples to detect serological markers of HBV (HBsAg, anti-HBs, and anti-HBc) by enzyme linked immunosorbent assays. RESULTS: An overall prevalence of 6.9 percent was found for HBV, with constituent prevalence rates of 3.6 percent and 11.6 percent, in subjects classified as fit and unfit to donate blood according the epidemiological screening, respectively. Only three individuals were positive for anti-HBs alone, suggesting previous vaccination against HBV. The variables of prior blood transfusion (OR = 2.3), tattoo/piercing (OR = 2.1), illicit drug use (OR = 2.3), sex with a partner with hepatitis (OR = 14.7), and history of sexually transmitted diseases (OR = 2.9) were independently associated with HBV-positivity. These data suggested a low endemicity of hepatitis B in the studied population. CONCLUSION: The findings of low hepatitis B immunization coverage and the association of hepatitis B with risky behavior highlight that there is a need to intensify hepatitis B prevention programs in the southwest region of Goiás.

Epidemiology of hepatitis B virus infection in first-time blood donors in the southwestern region of Goiás, central Brazil.

INTRODUCTION: Little is known about the epidemiology of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in populations from inner cities, especially in Central Brazil. Thus the objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of HBV infection, and to analyze the factors associated with HBV infection, in a population of first-time blood donors in the southwestern region of Goiás, Central Brazil. METHODS: A total of 984 individuals were interviewed and gave blood samples to detect serological markers of HBV (HBsAg, anti-HBs, and anti-HBc) by enzyme linked immunosorbent assays. RESULTS: An overall prevalence of 6.9% was found for HBV, with constituent prevalence rates of 3.6% and 11.6%, in subjects classified as fit and unfit to donate blood according the epidemiological screening, respectively. Only three individuals were positive for anti-HBs alone, suggesting previous vaccination against HBV. The variables of prior blood transfusion (OR = 2.3), tattoo/piercing (OR = 2.1), illicit drug use (OR = 2.3), sex with a partner with hepatitis (OR = 14.7), and history of sexually transmitted diseases (OR = 2.9) were independently associated with HBV-positivity. These data suggested a low endemicity of hepatitis B in the studied population. CONCLUSION: The findings of low hepatitis B immunization coverage and the association of hepatitis B with risky behavior highlight that there is a need to intensify hepatitis B prevention programs in the southwest region of Goiás.

[Risk behaviors for sexually transmitted diseases among truck drivers in Brazil]. / Comportamentos de risco para doenças sexualmente transmissíveis em caminhoneiros no Brasil.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the frequency of sexually transmitted diseases (STD) and associated risk factors based on self-reporting by long-haul truck drivers in Brazil. METHOD: From October 2005-October 2006, 641 long-haul truck drivers that travel federal highway BR-153, traversing the country from south to north, were interviewed. A structured interview was used to collect sociodemographic data. The truck drivers also completed a self-administered questionnaire on risk behaviors and STD history. The data were adjusted and analyzed using logistic regression. RESULTS: Of 641 drivers interviewed, 620 (96.7%) provided answers on STD history. Of these, 35.6% (95% confidence interval (CI) = 31.9-39.6) reported past or current STD. Being 30 years of age or older was statistically associated with having a history of STD. In addition, truck drivers who reported using amphetamines (odds ratio (OR) = 1.7; 95%CI = 1.1-2.6), having been incarcerated (OR = 2.2; 95%CI = 1.2-4.2), and sexual relations with sex professionals (OR = 1.9; 95%CI = 1.3-2.8) had increased odds for having a history of STD. CONCLUSION: These results confirm that Brazilian truck drivers are highly vulnerable to STD and show the importance of prevention programs targeting this specific group, one that is constantly on the move and may efficiently disseminate STD.

Comportamentos de risco para doenças sexualmente transmissíveis em caminhoneiros no Brasil / Risk behaviors for sexually transmitted diseases among truck drivers in Brazil

OBJETIVO: Avaliar a freqüência de doenças sexualmente transmissíveis (DST) e os fatores de risco a elas associados conforme auto-relato em caminhoneiros de rota longa no Brasil. MÉTODO: De outubro de 2005 a outubro de 2006, foram entrevistados 641 caminhoneiros de rota longa que circulam na BR-153, uma rodovia federal que atravessa o Brasil de sul a norte. Um roteiro estruturado foi usado para a coleta de dados sociodemográficos. Os caminhoneiros responderam ainda a um questionário auto-aplicável sobre comportamentos de risco e antecedentes de DST. Os dados foram ajustados e analisados por regressão logística. RESULTADOS: Dos 641 entrevistados, 620 (96,7 por cento) responderam sobre antecedentes de DST. Desses, 35,6 por cento (IC95 por cento: 31,9 a 39,6) referiram história presente ou passada de DST. A idade superior a 30 anos foi estatisticamente associada ao relato de DST. Ainda, os caminhoneiros que relataram o uso de anfetaminas ("rebite") (razão de chances, OR: 1,7; IC95 por cento: 1,1 a 2,6), antecedentes prisionais (OR: 2,2; IC95 por cento: 1,2 a 4,2) e relacionamento sexual com profissionais do sexo (OR: 1,9; IC95 por cento: 1,3 a 2,8) apresentaram maior chance de relato de DST. CONCLUSÃO: Os resultados deste estudo ratificam a elevada vulnerabilidade dos caminhoneiros brasileiros às DST e evidenciam a importância de programas específicos de prevenção de doenças e promoção da saúde para esse grupo-alvo, que vive em constante deslocamento, sendo eficaz em disseminar as DST.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the frequency of sexually transmitted diseases (STD) and associated risk factors based on self-reporting by long-haul truck drivers in Brazil. METHOD: From October 2005-October 2006, 641 long-haul truck drivers that travel federal highway BR-153, traversing the country from south to north, were interviewed. A structured interview was used to collect sociodemographic data. The truck drivers also completed a self-administered questionnaire on risk behaviors and STD history. The data were adjusted and analyzed using logistic regression. RESULTS: Of 641 drivers interviewed, 620 (96.7 percent) provided answers on STD history. Of these, 35.6 percent (95 percent confidence interval (CI) = 31.9-39.6) reported past or current STD. Being 30 years of age or older was statistically associated with having a history of STD. In addition, truck drivers who reported using amphetamines (odds ratio (OR) = 1.7; 95 percentCI = 1.1-2.6), having been incarcerated (OR = 2.2; 95 percentCI = 1.2-4.2), and sexual relations with sex professionals (OR = 1.9; 95 percentCI = 1.3-2.8) had increased odds for having a history of STD. CONCLUSION: These results confirm that Brazilian truck drivers are highly vulnerable to STD and show the importance of prevention programs targeting this specific group, one that is constantly on the move and may efficiently disseminate STD.

[Educative program about sexuality and sexually transmitted diseases: experience report with a group of adolescents]. / Programa educativo sobre sexualidade e DST: relato relato de experiência com grupo adolescentes.

The object of this study was to give an account of the experiment with a teenage group by using sexual education experiences of their own. Ten workshops were made with low-income teenagers of Município de Aparecida de Goiânia /GO, which happened because of the socialization and reflections about the contents of this study. The work was based on Paulo Freire's Participative Methodology and made better by the attention of the coordinators to every single group, considering their special needs and possibilities. We conclude that for the success of this work, the coordinator must listen to the group with a very sensitive prospect, especially when dealing with a teenage group. It is necessary to stimulate the participation, so that more can be learnt and the citizen work can be able to change its social reality.

Programa educativo sobre sexualidade e DST: relato de experiência com grupo de adolescentes / Educative program about sexuality and Sexually Transmitted Diseases: experience report with a group of adolescents / Programa educativo sobre la sexualidad y Enfermedades Sexualmente Transmisibles: relacto de experiencia con un grupo de adolescentes

O objetivo deste estudo foi relatar a experiência com grupo de adolescentes através de oficinas vivenciais sobre educação sexual. Realizamos 10 oficinas com adolescentes de baixa renda do Município de Aparecida de Goiânia/GO, que aconteceram a partir de reflexões e socialização do conhecimento sobre esta temática. O trabalho foi embasado na metodologia participativa de Paulo Freire e potencializado pela atenção dos coordenadores ao movimento do grupo, considerando suas necessidades e possibilidades. Concluímos que para o sucesso do trabalho interativo o coordenador de grupos deve ter uma escuta sensível aos anseios do grupo, especialmente o de adolescente. É necessário estimular a participação para a aquisição de conhecimentos o que favorecerá o exercício da cidadania e transformação da sua realidade social.

The object of this study was to give an account of the experiment with a teenage group by using sexual education experiences of their own. Ten workshops were made with low-income teenagers of Município de Aparecida de Goiânia /GO, which happened because of the socialization and reflections about the contents of this study. The work was based on Paulo Freire's Participative Methodology and made better by the attention of the coordinators to every single group, considering their special needs and possibilities. We conclude that for the success of this work, the coordinator must listen to the group with a very sensitive prospect, especially when dealing with a teenage group. It is necessary to stimulate the participation, so that more can be learnt and the citizen work can be able to change its social reality.

El objetivo de este estudio fue relatar la experiencia con grupo de adolescentes a través de talleres vivenciales sobre educación sexual. Realizamos 10 talleres con adolescentes de bajo poder adquisitivo del Municipio de Aparecida de Goiânia-GO, que se dieron a partir de reflexiones y socialización del conocimiento sobre esta temática. El trabajo fue realizado en base a la metodología participativa de Paulo Freire y potenciado por la atención de los coordinadores del movimiento del grupo, considerando sus necesidades y posibilidades. Concluimos que para el éxito del trabajo interactivo el coordinador de grupos debe tener una escucha sensible a los anhelos del grupo, especialmente de los adolescentes. Es necessário estimular la participación para la adquisición de nuevos conocimientos favoreciendo así el ejercicio de la ciudadanía para transformación de su realidad social.