[Not Available]. / Einfluß von Epicoccum nigrum, Alternaria alternata, Mucor racemosus und Ulocladium chartarum auf die Protozoenpopulation im Pansen des Rindes (in vitro).

The influence of moulded hay (Alternaria alternata, Epicoccum nigrum, Mucor racemosus, Ulocladium chartarum) and the efficiency of Vitamin B1 substitution to cope these effects on rumen protozoa was investigated using the longterm rumen simulation technique (RUSITEC) for about 25 days. Moulded hay affected medium-sized protozoa to a different extent (Alternaria alternata: -16 %, Epicoccum nigrum: -27 %, Mucor racemosus: -9 %, Ulocladium chartarum: +2 %). The vitamin B1 substitution had positive effects during the feeding of Mucor racemosus and Ulocladium chartarum.

[Not Available]. / Einfluss vonMucor racemosus undUlocladium chartarum auf ruminale Fermentationsvorgänge beim Rind (in vitro).

Using the long term rumen simulation technique RUSITEC a possible relationship between Mucor racemosus and Ulocladium chartarum and cerebrocortical necrosis (CCN) in cattle was investigated. In phase one only M. racemosus or U. chartarum and in phase two M. racemosus or U. chartarum in combination with thiamine were tested. The following differences between test groups and controlls could be noted: sVFA -7,5%, cellulase activity +62,1%, protein concentration -16,4%, thiamine -11% (only phase two). Thus, although a clear influence of M. racemosus and U. chartarum on rumen fermentation could be shown, a relation to CCN was not detected.

Opioidergic and dopaminergic effects on LH and prolactin release in pony mares at different times of the year.

The effects of dopaminergic and opioidergic systems on LH and prolactin release in Pony mares were investigated. Experiments were performed in intact mares during the non-breeding and the breeding seasons and in ovariectomized mares in November, March and May. Mares were treated with the dopamine D2-antagonist sulpiride, the opioid antagonist naloxone and naloxone plus sulpiride and saline. Naloxone alone and in combination with sulpiride increased plasma LH concentrations in intact anovulatory mares and in cyclic luteal phase mares, whereas sulpiride alone had no effect. None of the treatments influenced LH release in follicular phase mares. Naloxone administration significantly increased LH release in ovariectomized mares at all times of the year, the effect being most pronounced in March. Sulpiride administration increased plasma prolactin concentrations at all times of the year and was most pronounced in cyclic mares, whereas naloxone administration did not affect prolactin secretion. These results confirm that there are opioidergic pathways that regulate LH release and undergo seasonal changes in mares. No dopaminergic regulation of LH release or interactions between dopamine and opioids was demonstrated.

[The abdominal fetal EKG for the analysis of pre- and subpartual heart frequency (author's transl)]. / Das abdominale fetale EKG zur prä- und subpartualen Herzfrequenzanalyse

The application possibilities of abdominal fetal electrocardiography for pre- and subpartual continuous registration of the fetal heart frequency are examined. For this purpose the technical quality of 403 abdominal FEKG-registrations were checked in the individual stages of pregnancy and during birth. The average time spent looking for the best position with the greatest R-wave amplitude amounting to 2.6 min. The abdominal longitudinal position and the right hand oblique abdominal position proved to be advantageous with longitudinal presentation of the fetus. With fetal oblique to transverse presentation and in the 6th to 7th month of pregnancy the transverse abdominal position was likewise favourable. The technical quality of the supervision varied in the individual months of pregnancy. The best results were achieved in the 6th and 11th month of pregnancy. The worst technical quality was registered in the 8th month. In the 7th and 9th month two thirds of registrations were at least adequate. Sub partu the registrations during the first stage of labour were in two thirds of the cases very good and good, in a quarter satisfactory, in approx. a sixth adequate and fairly bad. In the second stage the registrations were considerably worse, 10.7% were satisfactory, 28.6% adequate and 59.8% deficient. Prepartually the technical quality was dependent on the fetal R-wave amplitude. In the second stage of labour no correlation between fetal R-wave amplitude and technical quality could be ascertained. The rupture of the amnion only influenced the quality of the registrations, if the satisfactory of labour increased. Adiposis and the position of the placenta did not affect the technical quality of the registrations. The lateral positions of the patient led to unusable registrations in 26.2%, in 46.9% the left and in 44.6% the right lateral position could be accepted without loss of quality. The comparison of the subpartual parallel registrations by means of phonocardiography/abdominal fetal electrocardiography, as well as direct/abdominal fetal electrocardiography showed no differences in the baseline. Differences in the floating-line in the case of simultaneous phonocardiography/abdominal fetal electrocardiography concerned the phonocardiographic registrations and in the case of simultaneous abdominal/direct fetal electrocardiography the abdominal registrations. They were caused by reduction in the technical quality. The fluctuation types of the abdominal and direct registrations were identical. In the case of simultaneous phonocardiography/abdominal fetal electrocardiography differences were found both in the oscillation amplitude and the oscillation frequency. The difference in the oscillation frequency was caused by a bad technical quality. The lower oscillation amplitude in abdominal fetal EKG-registrations was defined by the more exactly signal of the fetal R-wave...