Factors associated with consumer perception and conduct toward certified beef from Brazil.

The aims of this study were to establish a relationship between consumers' socioeconomic aspects, key meat attributes, and consumer perception and conduct toward traced beef in Brazil. The authors applied a structured form in 52 supermarkets in eight Brazilian cities, through interviews with 2.949 consumers, in 2012. Federal or state inspection stamp was the attribute that most influenced the consumers' purchase decision (14.1%). Most of the interviewees (57.3%) had never heard about bovine traceability. Among those who had heard about bovine traceability, 63.2% would be willing to pay more for beef with certified origin. Consumers with higher education and income had a better knowledge about this type of certification, as well as older consumers, and therefore they would be willing to pay more for certified beef. This research suggests that educational level was the reason that most influenced Brazilian consumers during beef purchase.

Reutilização de implantes de progesterona em vacas Nelore de diferentes categorias submetidas a IATF / Reuse of progesterone devices in different categories of Nelore cows submitted to timed AI

Objetivou-se verificar a eficácia da reutilização de dispositivos intravaginais de progesterona em protocolos de IATF em vacas da raça Nelore de diferentes categorias. O protocolo de IATF usado foi: D0 (inserção do dispositivo de progesterona + 2 mg de benzoato de estradiol/IM); D8 (remoção do dispositivo de progesterona + 300 UI de eCG/IM + 1mg de BE/IM + 250 µg de cloprostenol sódico /IM), e a IA foi realizada na manhã do 12º dia (D12). O diagnóstico de gestação foi realizado por meio de palpação retal, 60 dias após a IATF. Das 21.199 fêmeas utilizadas, 8.006 (37,76%) ficaram gestantes, sendo que G1 (n = 1.451), G2 (n = 1.031) e G3 (n = 173) corresponderam as vacas primíparas com implante de 1°, 2° e 3°uso, respectivamente; e, G4 (n = 2.521), G5 (n = 1.907) e G6 (n = 923) as multíparas com implante de 1°, 2° e 3°uso, respectivamente. As taxas de prenhez foram de 54,65; 38,83; 6,52; 47,11; 20,50 e 32,39%, para os grupos G1, G2, G3, G4, G5 e G6, respectivamente. Foram registradas diferenças (P < 0,05) entre as categorias de fêmeas (multíparas 44,22% vs. primíparas 29,18%) e entre os usos dos dispositivos de progesterona (54,65%, 38,83% e 6,52% para 1º, 2º e 3º uso do dispositivo em primíparas; e 47,11%, 35,64% e 17,25% para 1º, 2º e 3º uso do dispositivo em multíparas). Houve também diferença estatística (P ˂ 0,05) entre as taxas de prenhez das diferentes unidades de manejo. Nas condições deste estudo, a utilização do dispositivo de progesterona por três vezes não apresentou eficácia, diminuindo a taxa de prenhez em fêmeas multíparas e primíparas.

The objective of this study was to verify the efficacy of the reuse of progesterone devices in timed AI protocols in Nelore cows of different categories. The timed AI protocol used consisted of: D0 (insertion of the progesterone device + 2 mg of estradiol benzoate / IM); D8 (removal of the progesterone device + 300 IU of eCG / IM + 1mg of EB / IM + 250μg of sodium cloprostenol / IM), and AI performed in the morning of the 12th (D12) day. The pregnancy diagnosis was performed by rectal palpation, 60 days after timed AI. From the 21,199 females used, the pregnancy rate was 37.76% (n = 8,006), and G1 (n = 1,451), G2 (n = 1,031) and G3 (n = 173) corresponded to primiparous cows with device of 1st, 2nd and 3rd use, respectively; and G4 (n = 2521), G5 (n = 1,907) and G6 (n = 923) the multiparous with 1st, 2nd and 3rd use devices, respectively. The pregnancy rates were 54.65; 38.83; 6.52; 47.11; 35.64% and 17.25% for groups G1, G2, G3, G4, G5 and G6, respectively. Differences (P < 0.05) were recorded between the categories of females (multiparous 44.22% vs. primiparous 29.18%) and between the uses of progesterone devices (54.65%, 38.83% and 6.52% for 1st, 2nd and 3rd use of device in primiparous; 47.11%, 20.50% and 32.39% for 1st, 2nd and 3rd use of device in multiparous). There was also a statistical difference (P < 0.05) between the pregnancy rates of the different management units. Under the conditions of this study, the use of the progesterone device for three times did not show efficacy, reducing the pregnancy rate in multiparous and primiparous females.

Reutilização de implantes de progesterona em vacas Nelore de diferentes categorias submetidas a IATF / Reuse of progesterone devices in different categories of Nelore cows submitted to timed AI

Objetivou-se verificar a eficácia da reutilização de dispositivos intravaginais de progesterona em protocolos de IATF em vacas da raça Nelore de diferentes categorias. O protocolo de IATF usado foi: D0 (inserção do dispositivo de progesterona + 2 mg de benzoato de estradiol/IM); D8 (remoção do dispositivo de progesterona + 300 UI de eCG/IM + 1mg de BE/IM + 250 µg de cloprostenol sódico /IM), e a IA foi realizada na manhã do 12º dia (D12). O diagnóstico de gestação foi realizado por meio de palpação retal, 60 dias após a IATF. Das 21.199 fêmeas utilizadas, 8.006 (37,76%) ficaram gestantes, sendo que G1 (n = 1.451), G2 (n = 1.031) e G3 (n = 173) corresponderam as vacas primíparas com implante de 1°, 2° e 3°uso, respectivamente; e, G4 (n = 2.521), G5 (n = 1.907) e G6 (n = 923) as multíparas com implante de 1°, 2° e 3°uso, respectivamente. As taxas de prenhez foram de 54,65; 38,83; 6,52; 47,11; 20,50 e 32,39%, para os grupos G1, G2, G3, G4, G5 e G6, respectivamente. Foram registradas diferenças (P < 0,05) entre as categorias de fêmeas (multíparas 44,22% vs. primíparas 29,18%) e entre os usos dos dispositivos de progesterona (54,65%, 38,83% e 6,52% para 1º, 2º e 3º uso do dispositivo em primíparas; e 47,11%, 35,64% e 17,25% para 1º, 2º e 3º uso do dispositivo em multíparas). Houve também diferença estatística (P ˂ 0,05) entre as taxas de prenhez das diferentes unidades de manejo. Nas condições deste estudo, a utilização do dispositivo de progesterona por três vezes não apresentou eficácia, diminuindo a taxa de prenhez em fêmeas multíparas e primíparas.(AU)

The objective of this study was to verify the efficacy of the reuse of progesterone devices in timed AI protocols in Nelore cows of different categories. The timed AI protocol used consisted of: D0 (insertion of the progesterone device + 2 mg of estradiol benzoate / IM); D8 (removal of the progesterone device + 300 IU of eCG / IM + 1mg of EB / IM + 250μg of sodium cloprostenol / IM), and AI performed in the morning of the 12th (D12) day. The pregnancy diagnosis was performed by rectal palpation, 60 days after timed AI. From the 21,199 females used, the pregnancy rate was 37.76% (n = 8,006), and G1 (n = 1,451), G2 (n = 1,031) and G3 (n = 173) corresponded to primiparous cows with device of 1st, 2nd and 3rd use, respectively; and G4 (n = 2521), G5 (n = 1,907) and G6 (n = 923) the multiparous with 1st, 2nd and 3rd use devices, respectively. The pregnancy rates were 54.65; 38.83; 6.52; 47.11; 35.64% and 17.25% for groups G1, G2, G3, G4, G5 and G6, respectively. Differences (P < 0.05) were recorded between the categories of females (multiparous 44.22% vs. primiparous 29.18%) and between the uses of progesterone devices (54.65%, 38.83% and 6.52% for 1st, 2nd and 3rd use of device in primiparous; 47.11%, 20.50% and 32.39% for 1st, 2nd and 3rd use of device in multiparous). There was also a statistical difference (P < 0.05) between the pregnancy rates of the different management units. Under the conditions of this study, the use of the progesterone device for three times did not show efficacy, reducing the pregnancy rate in multiparous and primiparous females.(AU)