[The challenges of the ethics of personalism to clinical toxicology]. / Etyka personalistyczna wobec wyzwan toksykologii klinicznej.

The fields of philosophical anthropology and the ethics of personalism overlap in the area of many difficult personal situations involving clinical toxicology. These therapeutic situations need an integral, multidimensional, and personal approach for both the patient and the toxicologist. This means that man is treated not only as a physical (biological) being but also there is an appreciation for the mental sphere, which includes rational, emotional, and spiritual elements while not forgetting that the human person is also part of the human community. Studying such an individual's personal decision as suicide, we must realize that it's not just physiological or biochemical poisons but also includes the poisoning of the psyche, as well as poisoning relationships with loved ones (family), poisoning social relations (in school or the workplace) and poisoning the spirit, in other words, there is no meaning in life itself, nor the meaning of God's existence, nor the meaning of faith, hope and love. Not only is there a greater "variety of poisons" than before, they are much more extensive and deep. For example, we can name environmental pollution, industrial poisons, chemical waste, genetic modification, powerful medications, or even the toxic social environment of evil ideas, malicious manipulation of the human mind (destructive religious sects). In approaching the challenges of clinical toxicology, the doctor must not only be a specialist in chemistry, biochemistry and pharmacology. What then is of future of toxicology because of this human dimension (anthropological, ethical and spiritual) of this teaching? As today marks the occasion of the 45th anniversary of the Clinic of Toxicology CM UJ, should we shape the ethos of young doctors who want to deal with toxicology seriously?

[Tobacco smoking--anthropological context of human dependence]. / Palenie tytoniu--antropologiczne ujecie ludzkich uzaleznien.

In the papers concerning the subject of prevention and treatment of addiction to tobacco smoking, the philosophical data on nature of man, his reason and freedom are unfairly disregarded. The anthropological description of the features constituting the human nature refers, above all, to reason, will, freedom, and to a lesser extent, instinct and imagination. In the analyses of addiction to tobacco smoking, the rational cognition and free will are of greatest significance. Values as well as freedom and good also play a role in counteracting the enslavement of man. The investigations of the essence of man indicate that even the deepest addiction does not change and does not destroy the reason and free will which are characteristic of a human being. It means that a person addicted to a habit always requires respect, compassion and hope in overcoming the enslavement. It touches the whole human being and should be treated integrally. Addiction is inherent to a man and not the human nature, tobacco smoking will always be contrary to reason and freedom of a human being and the whole mankind.

[Dignity of the medical toxicologist in the context of medical ethos]. / Godnosc lekarza toksykologa na tle etosu lekarskiego.

On beginning of article two sources of medical ethics: Hippocratic Oath and Good Samaritan (from the parable of Jesus Christ). First, it is paradigm of medicine from antiquity to present times, second this paradigm describes from side of Christian theology and anthropological dates. From point of sight of personalism of traditional source of medical, they make up foundation to appearance of dignity physician of toxicology. Notion of dignity contains many most important guild of physicians in our times, especially physician of toxicology. Principle part of article analyses dignity of physician in worry about life, co-operation with different doctors as well as in context of conscience and in challenges of future. Progress of clinical toxicology has to be connected with moral values and the dignity of medical profession and physician's status.