[The features of sclerotic development in junction-ureteral segment of children with congenital hydronephrosis].

A comprehensive clinical, laboratory, instrumental and morphological study of children with congenital hydronephrosis has been carried out. We compared the clinical features of pyelonephritis at children with primary pyelonephritis and congenital hydronephrosis. Bacterial inflammation was dominated symptom at the children with primary bacterial pyelonephritis, whereas children with hydronephrosis had low-grade clinical changes and significant renal functional impairment. Clinically and prognostically more frequent severe unilateral disease was left-side hydronephrosis. For the first time the morphological changes of junction-ureteral segment at the operated children with congenital hydronephrosis have been analyzed. We've established that the evolution of changes correlates with age. Dysplastic and hypoplastic changes take place mainly in muscle layers in younger 3 years old children, in elder children the phenomenon of atrophy and sclerosis dominates over the other pathologic changes. The hystologic picture depends on lateralization of lesions: dysplasia of muscle layers is on the left side, mucous inflammation--on the right.

[Determination of valproic acid by on-line coupled capillary isotachophoresis with capillary zone electrophoresis with conductometric detection]. / Stanovení kyseliny valproové pomocí on-line spojení izotachoforézy a kapilární zónové elektroforézy s vodivostní detekcí.

The paper aimed to test suitable conditions for the determination of VPA in serum using the ITP-CZE method with conductometric detection. It attempted to find whether for the method described by Olvecká et al. it is possible to use a similar procedure of sample preparation as for the gas chromatographic method which is routinely employed for the assessment of VPA in serum. A 200 rl sample of serum was extracted with 200 rl of acetone and after centrifugation 200 rl of the upper layer was withdrawn and supplemented with demineralized water to make 10 ml. When a microsyringe is used for dosing, consumptions of serum can be reduced up to 5 rl, which is advantageous mainly for therapeutic drug monitoring in children. The length of analysis was 20 minutes. The method was linear within the range of 20-400 mg/l, which includes the therapeutic range of VPA (50-100 mg/l). The detection and quantification limits were 2.5 and 8.5 mg/l, respectively. The variation coefficients were below 10% in all three concentrations (30, 70 and 120 mg/l). The new method was compared with the method of gas chromatography by means of the Passing-Bablok regression analysis and both methods were found to give identical results.