[Frequency of transposition and its treatment at the Department of Pedodontics and Orthodontics of Semmelweis University in the last five years]. / A transzpozíció elófordulási gyakorisága a Semmelweis Egyetem Gyermekfogászati és Fogszabályozási Klinika ötéves beteganyagában.

Tooth transposition is a rare but severe disturbance of tooth eruption. The maxillary canine and the premolar are the most commonly transposed teeth. The occurrence of transposition in the mandible is very rare. The transposition may occur in combination with other anomalies, like aplasia (40%), peg-shaped lateral incisor (25%), deciduous tooth retention (50%). The adjacent teeth exchange positions in the dental arch for genetic or traumatic reasons. In the last five years orthopantomograms of 2736 patients were analysed at the Department of Pedodontics and Orthodontics of Semmelweis University. Twelve transposition cases (0.43%) were found: 10 in the upper and 2 in the lower dental arch. Only one case was bilateral transposition. Nine patients were treated with fixed appliance. In one of these cases the transposed tooth was extracted and two patients are being observed. The methods of treatment are in accordance with the international guide-lines.

Relation between anthropometric and cephalometric measurements and proportions of the face of healthy young white adult men and women.

The specific aim of this study was to determine the differences between 6 anthropometric (taken from the surface) and cephalometric (taken from x-rays) measurements and 12 proportion indices formed by the measurements obtained from the face of 51 healthy Caucasoid young adult males and females. The z-score analysis revealed negligible differences in frequency of normal values, in surface measurements 97.4% (298 of 306) versus 96.7% (296 of 306) in cephalometric ones. The optimal normal measurements dominated, in males in 76.8% and in females in 80.8%. The mean values of the 6 linear measurements, taken from the surface and the cephalogram of the face were in equal number similar and significantly dissimilar in both sexes (Table 1). Comparison of the mean anthropometric and cephalometric proportion indices did not show significant differences in the two sexes (Table 2). For males 50% of the 12 proportions the indices were similar and 50% were significantly different. For females the frequency of similar proportions was seen in 33.3% and in 66.7% moderately-severely differing, statistically not significant. The z-score analysis identified subnormal measurements on the facial surface in 2.6% (8 of 306) and in cephalometric ones in 3.3% (10 of 306). The subnormal measurements of mild and moderate degree disclosed on the skeleton were not detected on the surface and some of the severely subnormal ones became mild-moderate on the skin surface. The study showed that the vertical anthropometric and cephalometric measurements in the facial profile were in highly significant percentage normal when compared with their normative data established for healthy populations. Generally, the cephalometric normal measurements were smaller than those of the anthropometric ones, some of them significantly. The significant differences between the proportions on the surface and skeleton in healthy subjects advice to be cautious in clinical practice, to judge the morphological changes of the face separately on the surface and on the skeleton of the patient.

[Prevalence of talon cusp in patients aged 7-18]. / Talon-csücsök elófordulási gyakorisága 7-18 éves betegeken.

Talon cusp is an uncommon malformation. The aetiology is unknown although it is thought to be the combination of genetic and environmental factors. The purpose of the study was to examine the prevalence of talon cusps in children aged 7-18. 600 model casts were examined in the Pedodontic and Orthodontic Department of the Semmelweis University. Classification of talon cusps used was based on the degree of formation and extension by Hattab et al [6]. 12 talon cusps were found in the group of type 1, two were found in group of type 2 and one in type 3. The prevalence of talon cusps was 2.5%, mostly on the upper permanent lateral incisors. In four cases it was bilateral. The prevalence of talon cusps was more frequent in males compared to females. The early recognition of the anomaly is important from the therapeutic point of view (placement of sealant, periodic reduction of the cusp).