RESUMO
Cornelia de Lange Syndrome (CdLS) is an autosomal dominant (NIPBL, SMC3, and RAD21) or X-linked (SMC1A and HDAC8) disorder, characterized by distinctive craniofacial appearance, growth retardation, intellectual disability, and limb anomalies. In 2005, the Spanish CdLS Reference Center was started and now we have more than 270 cases in our database. In this special issue, we describe some of the unique or atypical patients studied by our group, whose clinical features have contributed to the expansion of the CdLS classical phenotype, helping clinicians to diagnose it. We include the case of a male with unilateral tibial hypoplasia and peroneal agenesis who had a mutation in NIPBL; we also describe one patient with a mutation in NIPBL and somatic mosaicism identified by new generation sequencing techniques; we also include one patient with CdLS and Turner syndrome; and last, an interesting patient with a duplication of the SMC1A gene. Finally, we make a short review of the splicing mutations we have found in NIPBL regarding the new knowledge on the physiological variants of the gene. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Assuntos
Síndrome de Cornélia de Lange/genética , Proteínas de Ciclo Celular , Síndrome de Cornélia de Lange/diagnóstico , Síndrome de Cornélia de Lange/patologia , Estudos de Associação Genética , Humanos , Masculino , Proteínas/genética , EspanhaAssuntos
Síndrome de Cornélia de Lange/genética , Éxons/genética , Feminino , Genótipo , Humanos , Masculino , Mutação/genéticaRESUMO
Cornelia de Lange syndrome (CdLS) manifests facial dysmorphic features, growth and cognitive impairment, and limb malformations. Mutations in three genes (NIPBL, SMC1A, and SMC3) of the cohesin complex and its regulators have been found in affected patients. Here, we present clinical and molecular characterization of 30 unrelated patients with CdLS. Eleven patients had mutations in NIPBL (37%) and three patients had mutations in SMC1A (10%), giving an overall rate of mutations of 47%. Several patients shared the same mutation in NIPBL (p.R827GfsX2) but had variable phenotypes, indicating the influence of modifiers in CdLS. Patients with NIPBL mutations had a more severe phenotype than those with mutations in SMC1A or those without identified mutations. However, a high incidence of palate defects was noted in patients with SMC1A mutations. In addition, we observed a similar phenotype in both male and female patients with SMC1A mutations. Finally, we report the first patient with an SMC1A mutation and the Sandifer complex.
Assuntos
Proteínas de Ciclo Celular/genética , Proteoglicanas de Sulfatos de Condroitina/genética , Proteínas Cromossômicas não Histona/genética , Síndrome de Cornélia de Lange/genética , Mutação/genética , Proteínas/genética , Alelos , Estudos de Coortes , Feminino , Genótipo , Humanos , Masculino , FenótipoRESUMO
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