D-Tagatose: A Rare Sugar with Functional Properties and Antimicrobial Potential against Oral Species.

Carbohydrates have a dietary role, but excessive consumption of high-calorie sugars can contribute to an increased incidence of metabolic diseases and dental caries. Recently, carbohydrates with sweetening properties and low caloric value, such as D-tagatose, have been investigated as alternative sugars. D-tagatose is a rare sugar that has nutritional and functional properties of great interest for health. This literature review presents an approach to the biological effects of D-tagatose, emphasizing its benefits for oral health. Studies report that D-tagatose has antioxidant and prebiotic effects, low digestibility, reduced glycemic and insulinemic responses, and the potential to improve the lipid profile, constituting an alternative for diabetes mellitus and obesity. It can also be observed that D-tagatose has an antioxidant action, favoring the elimination of free radicals and, consequently, causing a reduction in cellular oxidative stress. Furthermore, it also has antibacterial potential against oral species. Regarding oral health, studies have shown that D-tagatose efficiently reversed bacterial coaggregations, including periodontopathogenic species, and impaired the activity and growth of cariogenic bacteria, such as S. mutans. D-tagatose significantly inhibited biofilm formation, pH decrease and insoluble glucan synthesis in S. mutans cultures. Salivary S. mutans counts were also significantly reduced by the consumption of chewing gum containing D-tagatose and xylitol. In addition, there is evidence that tagatose is effective as an air-polishing powder for biofilm decontamination. The literature indicates that D-tagatose can contribute to the prevention of systemic diseases, also constituting a promising agent to improve oral health.

Genomic epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 in large university hospital cohort: the UnCoVER-Brazil project.

This work aimed to study the role of different SARS-CoV-2 lineages in the epidemiology of multiple waves of the COVID-19 pandemic in Ribeirão Preto (São Paulo state), with comparison within Brazil and globally. Viral genomic sequencing was combined with clinical and sociodemographic information of 2,379 subjects at a large Brazilian hospital. On the whole 2,395 complete SARS-CoV-2 genomes were obtained from April 2020 to January 2022. We report variants of concern (VOC) and interest (VOI) dynamics and the role of Brazilian lineages. We identified three World Health Organization VOCs (Gamma, Delta, Omicron) and one VOI (Zeta), which caused distinct waves in this cohort. We also identified 47 distinct Pango lineages. Consistent with the high prevalence of Gamma in Brazil, Pango lineage P.1 dominated infections in this cohort for half of 2021. Each wave of infection largely consisted of a single variant group, with each new group quickly and completely rising to dominance. Despite increasing vaccination in Brazil starting in 2021, this pattern was observed throughout the study and is consistent with the hypothesis that herd immunity tends to be SARS-CoV-2 variant-specific and does not broadly protect against COVID-19.

Significância clínica do uso do mapa mental na intervenção de escolares com transtornos de aprendizagem / Clinical significance of using the mental map in interventions on schoolchildren with learning disorders / Significado clínico del uso del mapa mental en la intervención de estudiantes con transtornos de aprendizaje

Introdução: Para um bom desempenho de leitura, o escolar precisa ser capaz de desenvolver habilidades específicas para compreensão da informação lida, criando estratégias como: construção de significado, assimilação do conteúdo, estabelecimento de relações, organização e avaliação das informações, bem como pensar na utilização dessas de forma correta. Objetivo: verificar o índice de mudança e significância clínica do Mapa Mental na intervenção de escolares com transtornos de aprendizagem em situação de pré e pós-testagem. Métodos: Este estudo se caracteriza por ser quase-experimental. Participaram deste estudo 7 escolares com diagnóstico interdisciplinar de transtornos de aprendizagem, de ambos os sexos, na faixa etária de 10 anos e 6 meses a 15 anos e 4 meses de idade. Os escolares foram submetidos à pré-testagem, intervenção e pós-testagem. A pré-testagem e a pós-testagem foram realizadas com o Protocolo de Avaliação de Compreensão de Leitura (PROCOMLE), e a intervenção foi realizada com o uso do mapa mental durante 4 meses, sendo trabalhados 15 textos. Os dados de pré e pós-testagem foram analisados por meio do Método JT. Resultados: na comparação da pré com a pós-testagem, foi possível verificar que os escolares S1, S2, S3 e S6 apresentaram mudança confiável nas questões literais de textos narrativos do Protocolo de Avaliação de Compreensão de Leitura. Os escolares S1, S3, S6 e S7 apresentaram mudança confiável nas questões inferenciais de textos narrativos do Protocolo de Avaliação de Compreensão de Leitura. Conclusão: a intervenção com o uso do Mapa Mental mostrou-se eficaz para escolares com Transtornos de Aprendizagem.

Introduction: For a good reading performance, the student needs to be able to develop specific skills to understand the information read, creating strategies such as: construction of meaning, assimilation of content, establishment of relationships, organization and evaluation of information, as well as thinking about using these correctly. Objective: to verify the rate of change and clinical significance of the Mind Map in the intervention of students with learning disorders in pre- and post-testing situations. Methods:This study is characterized as quasi-experimental. The pretest and post-test were done using the Reading Comprehension Evaluation Protocol (PROCOMLE), and the intervention was accomplished by applying mind mapping techniques on studies of 15 texts within 4 months. The pre and posttest data were analyzed using the JT Method. Results: Comparison of the pre- and post-testing, using the JT Method, showed that: students S1, S2, S3 and S6 presented a reliable change in the literal questions of narrative texts from the Reading Comprehension Assessment Protocol; and students S1, S3, S6 and S7 presented a reliable change in the inferential questions. Conclusion: The intervention using Mind Mapping proved to be effective for students with Learning Disorders.

Introducción: Para un buen desempeño de lectura, el estudiante debe ser capaz de desarrollar habilidades específicas para comprender la información leída, crear estrategias tales como: construcción de significado, asimilación de contenido, establecimiento de relaciones, organización y evaluación de información, así como pensar en úselos correctamente. Objetivo: verificar el índice de cambios y significado clínico del Mapa Mental en la intervención de estudiantes con trastornos de aprendizaje en situación de pre y post prueba. Métodos: Este estudio se caracteriza por ser cuasi-experimental. En este estudio participaron siete estudiantes con diagnóstico interdisciplinario de trastornos del aprendizaje, de ambos sexos, de 10 años y 6 meses a 15 años y 4 meses de edad. Los estudiantes fueron sometidos a pruebas previas, de intervención y posteriores. El pretest y el postest se realizaron mediante el Protocolo de Evaluación de Comprensión Lectora (PROCOMLE) y la intervención se realizó mediante un mapa mental durante 4 meses, trabajando en 15 textos. Los datos anteriores y posteriores a la prueba se analizaron mediante el método JT. Resultados: En la comparación de la pre con la post prueba, a partir del Método JT, ha sido posible comprobar que los estudiantes S1, S2, S3 y S6 han presentado cambios confiables en las preguntas literales de textos narrativos del Protocolo de Evaluación de Comprensión de Lectura. Los estudiantes S1, S3, S6 y S7 han presentado cambios confiables en las preguntas inferencias de textos narrativos del Protocolo de Evaluación de Comprensión de Lectura. Conclusión: La intervención con el uso del Mapa Mental resultó efectivo para estudiantes con Trastornos de Aprendizaje.

UPLC-ESI/Q-TOF MS/MS Method for Determination of Vildagliptin and its Organic Impurities.

Vildagliptin (VLG) corresponds to a drug used for the treatment of diabetes mellitus. This disease requires continuous treatment, and so the control of impurities present in it is important to assure the quality of this drug. Thus, it is necessary to use sensitive and selective detection techniques and the ultra-performance liquid chromatography is a better option compared with high-performance liquid chromatography because it enhances the separation efficiency with a shorter analysis time and an increased resolution. This research analysis was accomplished by using liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry, and the quantification was performed by using an extracted ion from the VLG drug and its main organic impurities of synthesis. During the validation process, following international standards, the method proved to be linear for the tree substances (R2 = 0.997-0.998) and the analysis of variance showed a non-significant linearity deviation (P > 0.05). Three critical factors were selected to evaluate method robustness with a full factorial experimental design, and the changes in the parameters were found to be not significant for the quantification of VLG and its impurities. The ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry for the determination of impurities in VLG was precise, accurate and robust proving to be effective for analysis in the pharmaceutical industry and to improve the quality, safety and effectiveness of the new drug developed.

The application of quality by design in the development of the liquid chromatography method to determine empagliflozin in the presence of its organic impurities.

Analysis of impurities is an important step in the quality control of pharmaceutical ingredients and final products. From drug synthesis or excipients, even in small concentrations, impurities may affect efficacy and safety. The method was developed following Quality by Design (QbD) for the analysis of the antidiabetic empagliflozin. The concept of QbD is used as a tool for the development of methods and formulations. Through predefined objectives and risk analysis, robust methodologies and reduced solvent consumption are developed. A simple HPLC method was developed and validated for the quantitative determination of empagliflozin and its organic impurities from the synthesis process. The method was carried out in a Shim-pack phenyl column with a mobile phase consisting of an acetonitrile/water mixture (72 : 28), with isocratic elution and the detector wavelength was 230 nm. The validation process, in accordance with international guidelines, shows that the method was linear, precise and accurate for empagliflozin, impurity 1 and impurity 2. Limits of detection (0.01, 0.02 and 0.01 µg mL-1) and quantification (0.10, 0.10 and 0.05 µg mL-1) were determined for EMPA, IMP1 and IMP2, respectively. The HPLC method for impurity determination in empagliflozin was linear, precise, accurate and robust. It can be successfully applied in the quality control of empagliflozin and the synthesis of impurities, being adequate for routine analysis.

In vitro toxic evaluation of two gliptins and their main impurities of synthesis.

BACKGROUND: The presence of impurities in some drugs may compromise the safety and efficacy of the patient's treatment. Therefore, establishing of the biological safety of the impurities is essential. Diabetic patients are predisposed to tissue damage due to an increased oxidative stress process; and drug impurities may contribute to these toxic effects. In this context, the aim of this work was to study the toxicity, in 3 T3 cells, of the antidiabetic agents sitagliptin, vildagliptin, and their two main impurities of synthesis (S1 and S2; V1 and V2, respectively). METHODS: MTT reduction and neutral red uptake assays were performed in cytotoxicity tests. In addition, DNA damage (measured by comet assay), intracellular free radicals (by DCF), NO production, and mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔψM) were evaluated. RESULTS: Cytotoxicity was observed for impurity V2. Free radicals generation was found at 1000 µM of sitagliptin and 10 µM of both vildagliptin impurities (V1 and V2). A decrease in NO production was observed for all vildagliptin concentrations. No alterations were observed in ΔψM or DNA damage at the tested concentrations. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrated that the presence of impurities might increase the cytotoxicity and oxidative stress of the pharmaceutical formulations at the concentrations studied.

Frequência de achados oftalmológicos de segmento posterior em pacientes com doença inflamatória intestinal / Frequency of ophthalmological posterior segment findings in patients with inflammatory bowel disease

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Inflammatory bowel disease is a systemic inflammatory disease classified as Crohn disease or ulcerative colitis. It could present extra intestinal findings, such as fever, weight loss, arthralgia, mucocutaneous lesions, hepatic, renal and ophthalmological involvement. Among ophthalmological findings, posterior segment findings are present in less than 1% of patients with inflammatory bowel disease, however, these findings could bring definitive visual impairment. OBJECTIVE: Our study objective was to evaluate ocular posterior segment findings is patients with inflammatory bowel disease, through retinal mapping, color fundus retinography, optical coherence tomography (OCT) and OCT angiography, and compare our results to literature. METHODS: We evaluated eighty patients with inflammatory bowel disease through complete ophthalmological examination and posterior segment assessment. Color fundus retinography, OCT and OCT angiography was performed with Topcon Triton (Topcon ® , Tokyo, Japan). Macula and posterior pole were evaluated with binocular indirect ophthalmoscopy and fundus biomicroscopy. RESULTS: Participants mean age was 44.16 years (18.08-68.58), 28 (35%) male patients and 52 (65%) female patients. Thirty-five (44%) with diagnosis of Crohn disease, 41 (52%) patients with diagnosis of ulcerative colitis and 3 (4%) had non-conclusive Crohn disease or ulcerative colitis classification. We found abnormal exams in 21 (26.25%) patients. CONCLUSION: Our study found similar prevalence of ophthalmological posterior segment commitment compared to previous literature prevalence. The findings were predominantly unrelated to inflammatory bowel disease, rather than primarily related to it. The most prevalent, and non-previous reported, finding was increased arteriolar tortuosity, probably occurs due to systemic vascular impairment in inflammatory bowel disease.

RESUMO CONTEXTO: As doenças inflamatórias intestinais são doenças inflamatórias sistêmicas que podem ser divididas em doença de Crohn ou retocolite ulcerativa. Além do quadro intestinal, elas podem apresentar sintomas extra intestinais como febre, perda de peso, artralgia, lesões mucocutâneas, acometimento hepatobiliar, acometimento renal e oftalmológico. Entre os achados oftalmológicos descritos, alterações de segmentos posterior são encontrados em menos de 1% dos pacientes com doença inflamatória intestinal, porém, tais achados podem levar à baixa acuidade visual definitiva. OBJETIVO: O objetivo do nosso trabalho foi avaliar alterações em segmento posterior através de retinografia colorida, mapeamento de retina, tomografia de coerência óptica e OCT angiography e comparar nossos resultados com o da literatura. MÉTODOS: Foram avaliados 80 pacientes com doença inflamatória intestinal. Todos os pacientes foram submetidos a exame oftalmológico completo e a avaliação do segmento posterior. Foi realizada tomografia de coerência óptica em aparelho Triton (Topcon, Tokyo, Japan), retinografia colorida e OCT angiography. Mácula e polo posterior foram avaliados através de oftalmoscopia binocular indireta e biomicroscopia de fundo. RESULTADOS: Entre os participantes, a média de idade foi de 44,16 anos (18,08-68,58), 28 (35%) participantes do sexo masculino e 52 (65%) do sexo feminino. Trinta e cinco (44%) pacientes com diagnóstico de doença de Crohn, 41 (52%) pacientes com diagnóstico de retocolite ulcerativa e 3 (4%) pacientes em que não era possível classificar como doença de Crohn ou retocolite ulcerativa. Entre as avaliações de polo posterior, foram encontrados achados em exame de 21 pacientes, o que corresponde a 26,25% dos casos. CONCLUSÃO: Nosso estudo encontrou resultados de prevalência de achados em exame de segmento posterior semelhante aos estudos prévios da literatura. Os achados foram de forma predominante não primariamente relacionados à doença inflamatória intestinal. O achado mais prevalente, e não previamente reportado, foi aumento de tortuosidade arteriolar, que provavelmente ocorre por envolvimento vascular sistêmico nas doenças inflamatórias intestinais.

Application of Quality by Design to optimize a stability-indicating LC method for the determination of ticagrelor and its impurities.

Simultaneous analysis of drug compounds and their impurities of degradation and synthesis became constant in the modern pharmaceutical analysis. Likewise, analytical techniques must improve sensitivity and selectivity for the monitoring of pharmaceutical products, allowing a full assessment of impurities in drug products and, therefore, ensure safety and efficacy of pharmacological treatments. The application of Quality by Design (QbD) principles has proved to be feasible on the elaboration of analytical methods, allowing the comprehensive evaluation and measurement of different analytical parameters and their effects on critical properties of the methodology in development. QbD approach was applied to the development of a fast and selective HPLC method for the analysis of the antiplatelet aggregation drug ticagrelor and its degradation products in presence of three impurities of synthesis. Fractional factorial resolution V was the screening experimental design applied to five method parameters. Response surface methodology was carried by central composite star face design on the two critical method parameters selected. Analytical design space, established after the application of Monte-Carlo simulations, verified whether predicted results were in accordance with critical quality attributes. The developed and validated HPLC method with DAD detection at 225 nm was able to resolve eight related compounds in less than three minutes.

HPLC method for simultaneous analysis of ticagrelor and its organic impurities and identification of two major photodegradation products.

A simple, fast and sensitive analytical method by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of ticagrelor and two synthesis impurities. The HPLC method was established using an Agilent 1200 Series equipment coupled to photodiode array detector (PDA) at 270nm with a Zorbax Plus C8 column (150×4.6mm, 5.0µm), injection volume of 20µL, and a constant temperature of 25°C. The mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile: ammonium acetate 50mM (57:43, v/v) and pH adjusted to 8.2 with ammonium hydroxide 6M, at a flow rate of 0.7mL/min. No interference peaks from excipients and diluent system indicated the specificity of the method. The calibration curves showed determination coefficients (r2)>0.99, calculated by linear regression. The limit of quantitation (LOQ) for impurities 1 and 2 were 2.0 and 0.2µg/mL, respectively. Intra and interday relative standard deviations (RSDs) were <2% for ticagrelor and <6% for the impurities, proving the precision of the method. Besides, two mayor degradation products formed when sample solutions of ticagrelor were exposed to UVC radiation were elucidated and the mechanisms involved in the photolytic degradation of ticagrelor were proposed.

Prevalence of depression and anxiety disorders in hospitalized patients at the dermatology clinical ward of a university hospital.

BACKGROUND: The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of depression and anxiety disorders in hospitalized patients at the dermatology ward at a university hospital in São Paulo, Brazil. OBJECTIVE: To assess the prevalence of mood and anxiety disorders in hospitalized patients at the dermatology ward at a university hospital in São Paulo. METHOD: A total of 75 patients, men and women, aged between 18 and 76 years, took part in the research. The study employed a descriptive, cross sectional and correlational method. The data was collected by means of a social demographic questionnaire and the PRIME-MD. RESULTS: It was found that 45.3 percent of the subjects presented with depressive symptoms, and 52 percent presented with symptoms of anxiety and that this survey showed moderate and high significant correlations (p<0,01; r= 0,616) for depression and anxiety. CONCLUSION: These facts could evidence the relationship between physical and psyche, just as the literature presents.

Prevalence of depression and anxiety disorders in hospitalized patients at the dermatology clinical ward of a university hospital / Prevalência de depressão e ansiedade em pacientes hospitalizados na enfermaria da clínica de dermatologia de um hospital universitário

BACKGROUND: The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of depression and anxiety disorders in hospitalized patients at the dermatology ward at a university hospital in São Paulo, Brazil. OBJECTIVE: To assess the prevalence of mood and anxiety disorders in hospitalized patients at the dermatology ward at a university hospital in São Paulo. METHOD: A total of 75 patients, men and women, aged between 18 and 76 years, took part in the research. The study employed a descriptive, cross sectional and correlational method. The data was collected by means of a social demographic questionnaire and the PRIME-MD. RESULTS: It was found that 45.3 percent of the subjects presented with depressive symptoms, and 52 percent presented with symptoms of anxiety and that this survey showed moderate and high significant correlations (p<0,01; r= 0,616) for depression and anxiety. CONCLUSION: These facts could evidence the relationship between physical and psyche, just as the literature presents.

FUNDAMENTOS: O presente estudo teve como objetivo verificar a freqüência de depressão e ansiedade em pacientes internados na Divisão da Clínica de Dermatologia de um hospital universitário de São Paulo. OBJETIVO: Avaliar a prevalência de depressão e ansiedade em pacientes hospitalizados na enfermaria da clínica de dermatologia de um hospital universitário em São Paulo. MÉTODO: Participaram da pesquisa 75 sujeitos, homens e mulheres, entre 18 e 76 anos. O delineamento do estudo foi transversal e descritivo. Os instrumentos utilizados foram Entrevista Sócio Demográfica e PRIME-MD. RESULTADOS: Identificou-se a presença de depressão em 45,3% e de ansiedade em 52% dos pacientes avaliados. CONCLUSÃO: Verificou-se correlação moderada e altamente significativa (p<0,01; r =0,616) para os índices de depressão e ansiedade, que pode evidenciar a relação entre adoecimento físico e psíquico muito encontrada na literatura.

Prostaglandin E(2) potentiates methylmalonate-induced seizures.

PURPOSE: Methylmalonic acidemias are inherited metabolic disorders characterized by methylmalonate (MMA) accumulation and neurologic dysfunction, including seizures. It is known that metabolic crises in affected patients are precipitated by infections. Although growing evidence supports that inflammation facilitates seizures, it is not known whether inflammatory mediators facilitate MMA-induced seizures. Therefore, in this study we investigate the involvement of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) in MMA-induced seizures. METHODS: Adult male Wistar rats were implanted with electrodes over the parietal cortex for electroencephalography (EEG) recording and a cannula in the right lateral ventricle. Animals were injected with PGE(2) (100 ng/2 µl, i.c.v.) or phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) (2 µl, i.c.v.), 15 min before MMA (2.5 µmol/2.5 µl, i.c.v.) or NaCl (2.5 µmol/2.5 µl, i.c.v.). The anticonvulsant effect of celecoxib (0.2; 2 or 20 mg/kg, p.o., 60 min before MMA) on MMA-induced seizures, and whether PGE(2) (10 or 100 ng/2 µl, i.c.v.) prevented the anticonvulsant effect of celecoxib (2 mg/kg, p.o.) were also investigated. KEY FINDINGS: PGE(2) decreased the latency to MMA-induced jerks and generalized seizures, and increased the amplitude of generalized seizure EEG recordings. The selective COX-2 inhibitor celecoxib at the dose 2 mg/kg, but not at the dose 20 mg/kg, completely prevented MMA-induced seizures. The protective effect of celecoxib (2 mg/kg) against MMA-induced seizures was prevented by PGE(2). SIGNIFICANCE: These results support a role for PGE(2) in the seizures elicited by MMA, which is in agreement with the view that infections may precipitate and exacerbate neurologic dysfunction in patients with MMA acidemic.

Percepção da dinâmica familiar por crianças antissociais: um estudo comparativo com o procedimento de desenhos de famílias com estórias / Familiar dynamic perception analysis, using the family and history draw procedure, in children with anti-social tendency, comparing to children without these difficulties / Análisis dinámico de la opinión, usando la familia y el procedimiento del drenaje de la historia, en niños con la tendencia antisocial, comparando a los niños sin estas dificultades

A Tendência Antissocial é caracterizada por comportamentos como desobediência, agressividade, etc. É um diagnóstico infantil, pois a permanência dos sintomas após os 18 anos altera o diagnóstico para Transtorno de Personalidade Antissocial. Sua etiologia é atribuída a fatores genéticos associados a desencadeadores ambientais, particularmente o relacionamento familiar. A pesquisa investigou se 10 meninos de 7 a 12 anos, apresentando a tendência antissocial, demonstravam particularidades na percepção da dinâmica familiar (avaliada através da realização de desenhos de famílias com estórias) em comparação a 10 meninos sem dificuldades psicológicas, todos selecionados através do Strengh and Difficulties Questionnaire. Foi observado que há diferenças na qualidade da percepção das figuras materna e paterna. As principais características passíveis de diferenciá-los referem-se à natureza das necessidades e angústias (mais primitivas no grupo clínico) e das defesas (de ordem neurótica no grupo contraste). A forma como os pais atendem as necessidades das crianças não diferenciou os grupos.

The Antisocial Trend is characterized by behaviors as disobedience, aggressiveness, etc. It is an infantile diagnosis, therefore the permanence of the symptoms after the 18 years modifies the diagnosis for Upheaval of Antisocial Personality. Its etiology is attributed to the genetic factors associates the ambient desencadeadores, particularly the familiar relationship. The research investigated if 10 boys of 7 the 12 years, presenting the antisocial trend, demonstrated to particularitities in the perception of the familiar dynamics (evaluated through the accomplishment of drawings of families with estórias) in comparison the 10 boys without psychological difficulties, all chosen teams through the Strengh and Difficulties Questionnaire. It was observed that it has differences in the quality of the perception of the figures materna and paternal. The main passíveis characteristics to differentiate mention them to it the nature of the necessities and distress (more primitive in the clinical group) and of the defenses (of order neurotic in the group it has contrasted). The form as the parents takes care of the necessities of the children did not differentiate the groups.

La tendencia antisocial se caracteriza por comportamientos tales como desobediencia, agresividad, etc. Es un diagnóstico infantil, ya que los síntomas persisten después de 18 años alteran el diagnóstico para transtorno antisocial de la personalidad. Su etiología se atribuye a factores genéticos asociados a desencadenantes ambientales, en particular la relación familiar. El estudio investigó si 10 niños 7 a 12 años, presentando tendencia anti-social, mostró las peculiaridades de la percepción de la dinámica familiar (según lo evaluado por hacer dibujos con las historias de las familias) en comparación con 10 niños sin dificultades psicológicas, todos seleccionados por el cuestionario Strengh and Difficulties Questionnaire. Se observó que existen diferencias en la percepción de la calidad de las figuras materna y paterna. Las principales características que diferencian ellos se refieren a la naturaleza de las necesidades y ansiedades (más temprano en el grupo clínico) y defensas (contraste Orden grupo neurótico). La manera como los padres satisfacer las necesidades de los niños no diferencian los grupos.

Percepção da dinâmica familiar por crianças antissociais: um estudo comparativo com o procedimento de desenhos de famílias com estórias / Familiar dynamic perception analysis, using the family and history draw procedure, in children with anti-social tendency, comparing to children without these difficulties / Análisis dinámico de la opinión, usando la familia y el procedimiento del drenaje de la historia, en niños con la tendencia antisocial, comparando a los niños sin estas dificultades

A Tendência Antissocial é caracterizada por comportamentos como desobediência, agressividade, etc. É um diagnóstico infantil, pois a permanência dos sintomas após os 18 anos altera o diagnóstico para Transtorno de Personalidade Antissocial. Sua etiologia é atribuída a fatores genéticos associados a desencadeadores ambientais, particularmente o relacionamento familiar. A pesquisa investigou se 10 meninos de 7 a 12 anos, apresentando a tendência antissocial, demonstravam particularidades na percepção da dinâmica familiar (avaliada através da realização de desenhos de famílias com estórias) em comparação a 10 meninos sem dificuldades psicológicas, todos selecionados através do Strengh and Difficulties Questionnaire. Foi observado que há diferenças na qualidade da percepção das figuras materna e paterna. As principais características passíveis de diferenciá-los referem-se à natureza das necessidades e angústias (mais primitivas no grupo clínico) e das defesas (de ordem neurótica no grupo contraste). A forma como os pais atendem as necessidades das crianças não diferenciou os grupos.(AU)

The Antisocial Trend is characterized by behaviors as disobedience, aggressiveness, etc. It is an infantile diagnosis, therefore the permanence of the symptoms after the 18 years modifies the diagnosis for Upheaval of Antisocial Personality. Its etiology is attributed to the genetic factors associates the ambient desencadeadores, particularly the familiar relationship. The research investigated if 10 boys of 7 the 12 years, presenting the antisocial trend, demonstrated to particularitities in the perception of the familiar dynamics (evaluated through the accomplishment of drawings of families with estórias) in comparison the 10 boys without psychological difficulties, all chosen teams through the Strengh and Difficulties Questionnaire. It was observed that it has differences in the quality of the perception of the figures materna and paternal. The main passíveis characteristics to differentiate mention them to it the nature of the necessities and distress (more primitive in the clinical group) and of the defenses (of order neurotic in the group it has contrasted). The form as the parents takes care of the necessities of the children did not differentiate the groups.(AU)

La tendencia antisocial se caracteriza por comportamientos tales como desobediencia, agresividad, etc. Es un diagnóstico infantil, ya que los síntomas persisten después de 18 años alteran el diagnóstico para transtorno antisocial de la personalidad. Su etiología se atribuye a factores genéticos asociados a desencadenantes ambientales, en particular la relación familiar. El estudio investigó si 10 niños 7 a 12 años, presentando tendencia anti-social, mostró las peculiaridades de la percepción de la dinámica familiar (según lo evaluado por hacer dibujos con las historias de las familias) en comparación con 10 niños sin dificultades psicológicas, todos seleccionados por el cuestionario Strengh and Difficulties Questionnaire. Se observó que existen diferencias en la percepción de la calidad de las figuras materna y paterna. Las principales características que diferencian ellos se refieren a la naturaleza de las necesidades y ansiedades (más temprano en el grupo clínico) y defensas (contraste Orden grupo neurótico). La manera como los padres satisfacer las necesidades de los niños no diferencian los grupos.(AU)

Estudo introdutório sobre transtornos de humor e ansiedade e identidade masculina em pacientes de enfermaria dermatológica / Introductory study about humor and anxiety disorders and male identity on patients of dermatologic nursery

As doenças de pele apresentam influência no psiquismo humano, afetando significativamente a comunicação, as relações sociais e o exercício pleno da função laboral. A presente pesquisa teve por objetivo avaliar a presença das sintomalogias depressiva e ansiosa e seus impactos na identidade masculina de 28 pacientes internados em enfermaria de Clínica Dermatológica. Os instrumentos utilizados foram o Questionário Sócio Demográfico, o Mini Exame de Estado Mental e PRIME-MD (módulo Humor e Ansiedade). Através de Análise Descritiva dos resultados do teste e de Conteúdo dos discursos dos pacientes foi possível verificar que a presença de depressão e ansiedade mostrou-se associada a alterações da auto-percepção da identidade masculina, principalmente após afastamento ou interrupção das funções laborais em decorrência da presença de lesões cutâneas.(AU)

Skin diseases have influence on human psyche, significantly affecting communication, social relationships and the full exercise of labor function. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the presence of Humor Disorders symptoms and their impacts on male identity of 28 Dermatologic Clinic internee patients. The instruments used were Social Demographic Questionnaire, Mini Exam of Mental Condition and Prime-MD (Humor and Anxiety Module). Through Descriptive Analysis of test results and Contend Analysis of patient's discourse it was possible to observe that the frequency of this kind of disorders could be associated to modifications of self-perception on male identity, especially after removal or interruption of the labor functions due to present of dermatologic injury.(AU)

L-NAME prevents GM1 ganglioside-induced vasodilation in the rat brain.

Monosialoganglioside (GM1) is a glycosphingolipid present in most cell membranes that displays antioxidant and neuroprotective properties. It has been recently described that GM1 induces vasodilation. However, the mechanisms underlying GM1-induced vasodilation were not evaluated to date. Therefore, in this study we investigated whether the nonspecific NOS inhibitor l-NAME prevents GM1-induced vasodilation in rats. The systemic injection of GM1 (50mg/kg, i.p.) increased the outer diameter of pial vessels by 50% in anesthetized animals at 30min, and this effect was fully prevented by the administration of the nitric oxide synthase inhibitor N(G)-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (l-NAME, 60mg/kg, i.p. 15min before GM1 injection). A 30min exposure of cerebral cortex slices to GM1 (100microM) increased the content of nitrite plus nitrate (NOx) by 50%. Addition of l-NAME (100microM) to the incubation medium fully prevented GM1-induced NOx increase. Conversely, a 60min exposure of slices to GM1 (100microM) decreased NOx content, revealing a biphasic effect of GM1. Our results suggest that NO plays an important role in the vasodilation induced by GM1.

O emprego do arco palatino com mola na correçäo da mordida cruzada anterior / Palatal arch with spring used for anterior crossbite correction

Este trabalho foi feito com o objetivo de apresentar o relato de uma caso clínico de mordida cruzada anterior, tratado com o arco palatino com mola, e apresentar revisäo da literatura pertinente ao assunto

Avaliaçäo da retençäo do selante após 01 (um) ano de aplicaçäo em escolares / Effectiveness of fissure sealant: report after one year of a single applications in school children

O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar a eficácia do selante oclusal aplicado por acadêmicos de Odontologia em dentes permanentes de escolares da rede pública de Goiânia - GO, avaliando-se sua retençäo após um ano de uma única aplicaçäo. Constatou-se que 51,8 por cento dos selantes encontravam-se totalmente retidos, 15,8 por cento parcialmente retidos e 32,4 por cento, totalmente perdidos. A porcentagem de selante totalmente retidos foi maior nos pré-molares que nos primeiros molares (p<0,05). Nos molares, o percentual de selantes totalmente retidos foi maior na arcada inferior (p<0,05). Das faces oclusais examinadas, 90,5 por cento e 86,0 por cento apresentaram-se hígidas após perda parcial e total do selante respectivamente. A retençäo do selante foi baixa quando comparada à maioria dos estudos clínicos realizados por operadores experientes

Avaliaçäo da eficácia do selante na prevençäo da cárie oclusal após dois anos de aplicaçäo em escolares da rede pública de Goiânia-GO / Effectiveness of fissure sealant in preventing occlusal caries after two years of application in school-children of the public school in Goiânia-GO

Avaliaçäo da eficácia do selante na prevençäo da cárie oclusal após dois anos de aplicaçäo em escolares da rede pública de Goiânia-GO. Busco-se verificar a eficácia da utilizaçäo do selante oclusal como método preventivo da cárie em Saúde Pública. Avaliou-se a retençäo do mesmo após dois anos de uma única aplicaçäo em dentes permanentes de escolares da rede pública de Goiânia-GO, beneficiados por programa desenvolvido pela Disciplina de Odontologia Social da Faculdade de Odontologia da Universidade Federal de Goiás. Verificou-se retençäo total do selante em 53,9 por cento dos dentes examinados, enquanto 14,8 por cento estavam parcialmente perdidos e 31,1 por cento totalmente perdidos. A retençäo foi melhor nos pré-molares do que nos primeiros molares (p<0,05) e näo houve diferença estatisticamente significante entre a arcada superior e inferior. Das faces oclusais examinadas, 81,6 por cento e 58,4 por cento apresentaram-se hígidas após perda parcial e total do selante, respectivamente. Concluiu-se que embora os percentuais de retençäo total tenham sido baixos, o selante mostrou-se eficaz na prevençäo da cárie oclusal nos escolares beneficiados

Avaliaçäo da eficácia do selante na prevençäo da cárie oclusal após três anos de aplicaçäo em escolares da Rede Pública de Goiânia-GO / Effectiveness of fissure sealant in preventing occlusal caries: report aftter three years of a single application in school children attending public schools in Goiânia-GO, Brazil

O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar a eficácia do selante como método preventivo da cárie em saúde pública. Para isso, avaliou-se a retençäo do selante após três anos de uma única aplicaçäo em escolares da rede pública de Goiânia-GO, beneficiados pela Faculdade de Odontologia da Universidade Federal de Goiás. Verificou-se que 37,3 por cento dos selantes encontravam-se totalmente retidos, 19,3 por cento, parcialmente retidos e 43,5 por cento, totalmente perdidos. A retençäo foi melhor nos pré-molares do que nos primeiros molares(p<0,05), e näo houve diferença estatisticamente significante entre as arcadas superior e inferior. Todos os dentes que apresentam retençäo total do selante e quase a metade (48,6 por cento) dos dentes com perda total permaneceram hígidos. Comparando-se dois grupos de escolares com e sem selante, observou-se que houve um menor ataque de cárie oclusal nos molares dos escolares que receberam selante há três anos. Em relaçäo aos pré-molares, näo houve diferença estatísticamente significante. Concluiu-se que, embora os percentuais de relaçäo tenham sido baixos, o selante foi eficaz na prevençäo da cárie oclusal, especialmente em molares