Social networks and aggressive attitudes: who is who. Scoping review of the scientific production on their relationships.

Introduction: In the current world, an increasing number of people use social networks as a scenario for socialization, which have come to stay as a part of human development. During this socialization process, violent situations occur all too often, despite their virtuality, and seriously compromises the emotional well-being of the other participants. Based on the work conducted on this subject, the following systematic review aims to establish the state of the art regarding the relationship between moral disengagement, disruptive behavior and emotional intelligence of social network users. Method: A scoping review is carried out, according to the PRISMA-ScR criteria, consulting the WoS, Scopus, Education database, PsycINFO, PsycARTICLES, PLOS one and ScienceDirect databases, from 2021 up to the present day. Results: A total of 999 articles related to the research topic were collected, although the result of research responding to the specific search criteria was reduced to 10. Discussion: The research identified shows that there is a relationship between the level of moral development of social network users and their participation in aggressive online behavior. However, more research is needed, as it has not been demonstrated whether it is the networks that develop or favor the emergence of these attitudes, or simply act as facilitators for their amplified expression.

Evidencias de validez de la Escala de Sentimiento de Autoeficacia Docente en una muestra española / Evidence for the validity of the Teachers’ Sense of Self-Efficacy Scale in a Spanish sample

El sentimiento de autoeficacia docente (SAD) es un constructo de compleja medida pero relevante por su relación con la calidad de la educación. Con este trabajo se pretende acumular evidencias de consistencia y validez para su uso en España de una versión del Teachers’ Sense of Efficacy Scale (TSES). Los datos proceden de un colectivo español de futuros profesores de infantil, primaria y secundaria (N = 744) y se analizan desde un enfoque multivariado adecuado para escala ordinal, mediante análisis factorial confirmatorio (ULSMV) y árboles de decisión (CHAID y CART). Tras evaluar tres modelos de medida, se aportan evidencias de validez de una estructura del constructo en tres factores y 17 ítems, con índices de ajuste aceptables. Además, se avala tanto la convergencia y consistencia del constructo, como la utilidad de los ítems para la predicción de la autoeficacia docente global en los colectivos de estudiantes de grado y de máster que componen la muestra estudiada.(AU)

Teachers’ sense of self-efficacy is a hard construct to measure but is important in view of to its relationship with the quality of education. This work aims to gather evidence regarding the consistency and validity of a version ofthe Teachers’ Sense of Efficacy Scale (TSES) for use in Spain. The data come from a Spanish group of future early-years, primary and high school teachers (N= 744), and they are analysed using a multivariate approach suitable for ordinal scales, with confirmatory factor analysis (ULSMV) and decision trees (CHAID and CART). After evaluating three measurement models, evidence for the validity of a construct structure with three factors and 17 items with acceptable fit indices is provided. In addition, the convergence and consistency of the construct are both en-dorsed, as is the usefulness of the items for predicting overall teacher self-efficacy in the groups ofundergraduate and master’s students in the sam-ple studied.(AU)

Comparison of Emotional Behaviour of Spanish, Chilean and England Adolescents, and Their Relationship with Effective Personality.

Analysing the emotional behaviour of adolescents is fundamental because of its relationship with maladaptive behaviour and even possible psychological maladjustments. For this reason, this study had two objectives: to analyse the existence of significant differences in socio-emotional behaviour in English, Spanish, and Chilean adolescents, taking gender into account, and to analyse the relationship between emotional behaviour and the effective personality model in the Spanish and Chilean samples. A total of 2534 adolescents participated (609 English, 1677 Spanish, and 248 Chilean). The Abbreviated Scale of Emotional Behaviour (ECEA_R: aggressive tendency, social reactivity, and social support) and the Effective Personality Questionnaire-Adolescents (CPE-A: academic self-realisation, socio-affective self-realisation, and resolute efficacy) were applied. A MANOVA was carried out to study the differences in adolescents' socio-emotional behaviour, taking gender and nationality into account, and a correlational analysis was undertaken to explore the relationship between the variables of emotional behaviour (aggressive tendency, social reactivity, and social support) and effective personality (academic self-realisation, socio-affective self-realisation, and resolute efficacy). Regarding the first objective, for aggressive tendency, English male adolescents stood out, followed by Spanish and Chilean male adolescents and females of all nationalities. In terms of social reactivity, female adolescents stood out over male adolescents and, with regard to social support, Spanish adolescents (male and female) stood out over other nationalities, followed by Chilean and English adolescents (males and females). The results of the second objective indicated a negative relationship between aggressive tendency and academic self-realisation, but a positive relationship for social reactivity and social support (only in the Spanish sample) with most of the effective personality factors. The results are relevant for the application of prevention and intervention programs that improve or implement social and affective competencies in adolescents who develop the effective personality construct.

Evaluación de la percepción de autoeficacia en pacientes de oncología infantil / Evaluation of perception of self-efficacy in pediatric oncology patients

Objetivo: Estudios realizados con pacientes adultos oncológicos revelan el efecto protector y terapéutico que la autoeficacia tiene en el afrontamiento de dicha enfermedad. No habiéndose estudiado la influencia de dicha variable en el cáncer infantil, se plantea este estudio con el objeto de evaluar la percepción de autoeficacia en estos pacientes. Método: Para ello se ha creado la Escala de Autoeficacia en Pacientes de Oncología Infantil (EAPOI) que arroja un índice de consistencia interna alfa de Cronbach de 0,889. Resultados: Los resultados evidencian que la población objeto de estudio manifiesta una adecuada percepción de autoeficacia al situarse el 85% entre los niveles medio y muy alto; tan solo un 15% se sitúa en el nivel bajo. Conclusión: Estos resultados confirman la tendencia observada en los estudios de los últimos años que muestran una adecuada adaptación psicosocial del niño oncológico ante la enfermedad y sus tratamientos

Objective: Studies with adult oncology patients reveal the protective and therapeutic effect that self-efficacy has on facing the disease. The influence of this variable has not been studied in childhood cancer cases, thus this study is proposed in order to evaluate the perception of self-efficacy in these patients. Method: In doing so, Self-Efficacy Scale in Pediatric Oncology Patients has been created, providing an internal consistency index of Cronbach of .889. Results: The results of our investigation show that subjects believe themselves properly self-efficient to cope with their disease: 85% of them have medium-high level, and just 15% of them have low level. Conclusion: These results confirm the observed trend in recent studies that show an appropriate psychosocial adaptation of oncological children in the presence of the disease and its treatments