Taxonomic review of the millipede genus Haematotropis Jeekel, 2000 (Diplopoda, Polydesmida, Aphelidesmidae, Aphelidesminae) with descriptions of thirteen new species.

The northern South American genus Haematotropis Jeekel, 2000 is shown to presently encompass 21 species, all duly redescribed, illustrated, keyed, and mapped, including 13 new species: H. amazonica sp. nov. (Amazonas, Brazil), H. aripuanensis sp. nov. (Mato Grosso, Brazil), H. callyi sp. nov. (French Guiana), H. dentata sp. nov. (Maranho, Brazil), H. disjunctoides sp. nov. (Par, Brazil), H. goeldii sp. nov. (Par, Brazil), H. jurutiensis sp. nov. (Par, Brazil), H. driki sp. nov. (Amazonas, Brazil), H. melgacensis sp. nov. (Par, Brazil), H. mosaica sp. nov. (Par, Brazil), H. paraensis sp. nov. (Par, Brazil), H. poranga sp. nov. (Par, Brazil) and H. tysoni sp. nov. (Amazonas, Brazil). New characters are used in all descriptions and redescriptions. Aphelidesmus guianensis Chamberlin, 1923, the type species of Ochrotropis Jeekel, 2000, is a new junior synonym of Aphelidesmus divergens Chamberlin, 1918, comb. nov. ex Ochrotropis in Haematotropis.

Redescription of Rhysodesmus dasypus (Gervais, 1847), the type species of the genus (Polydesmida: Xystodesmidae).

As both the type of the genus and the largest known xystodesmid, Rhysodesmus dasypus (Gervais, 1847) is an important and charismatic Mexican species. Despite there are numerous taxonomic contributions, R. dasypus remains enigmatic and poorly diagnosed, necessitating the need for an updated taxonomic synthesis. Here, we present a redescription of R. dasypus based on eight specimens collected from three localities in close proximity to the suggested type locality of the species and include photographs of the diagnostic morphological characters. Additionally, we include a distribution map of previously reported localities from the literature and two new localities.