Assuntos
Aldeído Redutase/antagonistas & inibidores , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1/complicações , Artropatias/tratamento farmacológico , Ftalazinas/uso terapêutico , Adulto , Pressão Sanguínea , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1/fisiopatologia , Método Duplo-Cego , Feminino , Hemoglobinas Glicadas/análise , Frequência Cardíaca , Humanos , Artropatias/etiologia , Artropatias/fisiopatologia , Masculino , Movimento , Exame NeurológicoRESUMO
A retrospective review of children who needed mechanical ventilation for severe bronchiolitis identified 62 cases over a 10 year period. The mean age at initiation of ventilation was 73 days (range: 14-201). Compared with a group of 150 children in hospital for bronchiolitis but not transferred to the intensive care unit, these 62 cases were significantly younger (73.0 compared with 166.3 days), and smaller (4.5 compared with 6.8 kg), and significantly more had been born prematurely (40% compared with 16%). Taken independently, age, weight, and prematurity were significantly associated with the need for artificial ventilation, weight being the most important factor. Using stepwise logistic regression, prematurity in itself added to the quality of the prediction but age did not. The mean duration of mechanical ventilation was 105 hours (range 2-381). Duration of ventilation was significantly longer in children with a low gestational age at birth and a positive familial history of atopy. There were no deaths, and no patient developed pneumothorax or pneumomediastinum. Mechanical ventilation is well tolerated and safe in acute bronchiolitis.
Assuntos
Bronquiolite Viral/terapia , Ventilação com Pressão Positiva Intermitente , Respiração com Pressão Positiva , Insuficiência Respiratória/etiologia , Fatores Etários , Peso Corporal , Bronquiolite Viral/complicações , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Doenças do Prematuro/terapia , Masculino , Prognóstico , Análise de Regressão , Estudos RetrospectivosRESUMO
Gonadotropins, prolactin (PRL), testosterone (T), delta 4-androstenedione, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate and cortisol (F) levels were determined from 14 days before birth to term in 3 female and 3 male ovine fetuses with a chronically implanted venous catheter, and in the same animals from birth to 72 h of age. In both sexes, plasma gonadotropins and androgens were low throughout the period of study while plasma F increased with gestational age. After birth, plasma gonadotropins and PRL tended to increase progressively with time while PRL concentrations were significantly higher in female than in male lambs. F and T concentrations decreased significantly within the first 12 and 6 h of postnatal life. Higher T values were again observed at 36 h in male lambs. These data indicate that the fetal hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis is relatively quiescent in the last 14 days of gestation but is activated within the first 72 h after birth.
