[Risk factors for the early development of septic shock in patients with severe COVID-19].

AIM: In a retrospective study, we evaluated factors associated with the early development of septic shock in patients with severe COVID-19. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We collected medical records of the intensive care unit patients submitted by the local COVID-19 hospitals across Russia to the Federal Center for the Critical Care at the Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University). Septic shock in crticially ill patients requiring mechanical ventilation was defined as a need in vasopressors to maintain blood pressure. RESULTS: We studied 1078 patients with severe COVID-19 who were admitted to the intensive care units for respiratory support. There were 611 males and 467 females. The mean age was 61.013.7 years. Five hundred twenty five medical records (48.7%) were received from the Moscow hospitals, 159 (14.7%) from the Moscow region, and 394 (36.5%) from the hospitals located in 58 regions of the Russian Federation. In 613 (56.9%) patients, diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection was confirmed by PCR, and in the other cases it was established on the basis of the clinical picture and the results of the chest CT scan. Septic shock developed in 214 (19.9%) of 1078 patients. In the logistic regression model, the risk of septic shock in patients older than 50 years was higher than in patients of a younger age (OR 2.34; 95% CI 1.533.67; p0.0001). In patients with more severe SARS-CoV-2 infection, there was an increase in the prevalence of cardiovascular diseases, including coronary heart disease and atrial fibrillation, type 2 diabetes and malignant tumors. The risk of septic shock in patients with three or more concomitant diseases was higher than in patients without any concomitant chronic diseases (OR 1.76; 95% CI 1.762.70). CONCLUSION: The risk of septic shock in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome induced by SARS-CoV-2 is higher in patients older than 50 years with concomitant diseases, although a severe course of the disease is also possible in younger patients without any concomitant disorders.

[The peculiarties of nitric oxide synthesis in patients after coronary bypass surgery].

Nitric oxide (NO) participates in many physiological processes including those taking place in the cardiovascular system. The peculiarities of NO synthesis in patients after coronary bypass surgery were studied. The systems of NO generation responded in different ways. Changes in the levels of end-products of NO metabolism may be used as an additional prognostic criterion of the course of the postoperative period. The study found a direct correlation between the levels of end-products of NO metabolism and left ventricular ejection fraction as well as a reverse correlation between the level of end-products of NO metabolism and atherogenic lipids.

[The trace efficacy of dental caries prevention in children]. / Sledovaia éffektivnost' profilaktiki kariesa zubov u detei.

Dental caries reduction was studied in 414 children 1 year following F-year primary caries prevention with the use of sodium fluoride solution, fluorine lacquer, and Ca phosphate-containing gels. Essential reduction of the intensity of carious involvement of the teeth was seen in the examinees as against children not administered specific prophylactic treatment.