Association between depressive and anxious symptoms with cognitive function and quality of life in drug-resistant epilepsy.

•Depressive/anxious disorders and cognitive impairment are frequent comorbidities in epilepsy and have a more deleterious effect in DRE.•Studies concerning the relationship between anxiety and depression and cognitive performance in DRE are scarce.•Higher scores in HADS are associated with lower QOLIE-31 scores and might be considered as predictors of QOL in DRE.•A relationship between anxious and depressive symptoms -measured with HADS and SCL-90R- and cognition might not exist.•There remains an unexplored study area regarding this relationship which requires more attention to improve the assessment of DRE.

Clinical relevance of interictal dysphoric disorder and its impact on quality of life in drug-resistant epilepsy.

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to assess the prevalence of Interictal Dysphoric Disorder (IDD) in drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE) and to describe its clinical and psychopathological profile, including personality, as well as its impact on quality of life (QOL). METHOD: A retrospective cross-sectional study from an Epilepsy Unit from January 2007 to December 2017. All patients were diagnosed with DRE. Patients underwent a battery of tests (HADS, SCL-90R, PDQ-4+, QOLIE-31) and a psychiatrist assessed the presence of Axis-I disorders and IDD. Statistical procedures were carried out using R-4.0.1 software. RESULTS: A total of 282 patients were included. A statistically significant association was found between IDD and mood and anxiety disorders (p < 0.001 and p < 0.05 respectively), and between IDD and higher scores in all HADS and SCL-90-R items compared to subjects without IDD (p < 0.001). A statistically significant association was also found between IDD and obsessive-compulsive, borderline and depressive personality disorder (p < 0.05). Scores in all QOLIE-31 items except for 'medication effects' were significantly lower in subjects with IDD compared with subjects without IDD (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: In DRE, IDD subjects show differences in the psychopathological profile and QOL scores compared to subjects without a diagnosis of IDD. An early diagnosis of IDD could facilitate prompt interventions which might positively impact QOL.

Joint hypermobility syndrome: problems that require psychological intervention.

Joint hypermobility syndrome (JHS), also known as Ehlers-Danlos III, is an inherited disorder of connective tissue, characterised by an exceptional increase in the joint's mobility and the presence of musculoskeletal and other symptoms. It is a benign syndrome if compared with the other types of Ehlers-Danlos, but it can become disabling particularly because it is a significant source of pain and distress. The purpose of this work is to describe some common problems in JHS that render psychological intervention in their overall management relevant. Chronic pain, associated psychopathological factors such as anxiety, depression and somatosensory amplification, and problems arising from a lack of recognition and knowledge of the syndrome, are frequent among those affected, having a negative impact on their quality of life. We emphasise the relevance of addressing JHS from a biopsychosocial approach.

Desarrollo y adaptación de un instrumento para valorar el juego del tenis / Development and adaptation of a tennis validation instrument

El trabajo de desarrollar medidas de rendimiento más válidas y fiables es necesario e imprescindible en el campo de la investigación de la psicología deportiva. Los instrumentos utilizados han sido escalas o lista de ítems diseñadas específicamente. En nuestro caso, hemos reaizado la traducción, adaptación y aplicación de la escala desarrollada por Rees en 1999 para la medición del rendimiento en el tenis. Aplicando análisis factorial se ha evaluado la fiabilidad, validez y consistencia interna de la escala tras su estudio sobre los perfiles de los ganadores y perdedores. Se han determinado cinco factores que reflehjan el rendimiento como: jugar con táctica efectiva, sentirse nervioso, sevirse lento, descontrol y jugar con cautela. Tras su aplicación el grupo de ganadores difiere significativamente en los factores jugar tácticamente bien y descontrol en comparación con el grupo de perdedores. No existen diferencias por sexos pero sí por edad donde los factores sentirse nervioso y jugar con cautela mostraron correlaciones positivas. En resumen, la escala aplicada ha mostrado buena fiabilidad, validez y consistencia interna identificando, además, una serie de factores que establecen diferencias en los perfiles de los ganadores y perdedores (AU)

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Diagnóstico precoz de la enfermedad de Alzheimer / Early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease

En la práctica clínica habitual, el diagnóstico de la enfermedad de Alzheimer se retrasa con frecuencia varios años tras el inicio de los síntomas. El adelanto en el diagnóstico es deseable por una serie de razones. En primer lugar, permite al paciente, a sus familiares y al clínico planificar el futuro de manera más cuidadosa, reduciendo la probabilidad de sucesos catastróficos como fugas o accidentes de circulación. Asimismo, hace posible una administración temprana de los tratamientos eficaces para retrasar la progresión sintomática. Finalmente, la detección precoz puede mejorar la calidad de vida del paciente y de su cuidador, y retrasar la institucionalización del paciente (p. ej., en una residencia de ancianos), contribuyendo así a mitigar los costes de la enfermedad. En el presente artículo describiremos las presentaciones clínicas más frecuentes en el estadio predemencial y pasaremos revista a las diferentes técnicas que pueden ser útiles en el diagnóstico precoz de la enfermedad de Alzheimer, poniendo un énfasis especial en los marcadores biológicos (AU)

[Assessment of the Life Skills Profile and the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale as predictors of the length of psychiatric hospitalization]. / Valoración del Perfil de Habilidades de la Vida Cotidiana y de la Escala Breve de Valoración Psiquiátrica como instrumentos predictores del tiempo de ingreso hospitalario.

INTRODUCTION: Length of hospital stay is generally used as an indirect indicator of effectiveness and efficiency of treatment programs, but it is uncommon that other factors related with hospital stay are also contemplated. The aims of this study are to analyse the relationship between illness severity and adaptative behavior and to assess the predictive power of both constructs on the length of hospital stay. METHODS: Multicenter prospective study (n = 132). The outcome variable is the length of hospital stay cut off at 90 days. The illness severity (BPRS) and the adaptative behavior (LSP) of psychiatric patients are explanatory variables. RESULTS: After adjusting for age, gender and psychiatric diagnosis, negative symptoms (OR = 2.3; 95%CI = 1.3 4.1), self-competence (OR = 0.85; 95% CI = 0.78 0.93), and the total LSP score (OR = 0.96; 95% CI = 0.93 0.98), were significantly associated to the length of hospital stay. These three variables shared a similar predictive power (chi2 = 1.9 on 2 d.f.; P = 0.4). CONCLUSION: Deficits in adaptative behaviour are as relevant as negative symptoms to explain the length of hospital stay. Both assessment domains should be included in the administrative information at discharge.

Valoración del Perfil de Habilidades de la Vida Cotidiana y de la Escala Breve de Valoración Psiquiátrica como instrumentos predictores del tiempo de ingreso hospitalario / Assessment of the Life Skills Profile and the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale as predictors of the length of psychiatric hospitalization

Introducción. El tiempo de ingreso hospitalario se utiliza en entornos administrativos como indicador indirecto de la efectividad y eficiencia de programas de tratamiento, y es infrecuente que otros factores relacionados se tomen en cuenta. Los objetivos de este estudio son analizar la relación entre gravedad psicopatológica y funcionamiento adaptativo, y valorar el poder predictivo de ambos constructos sobre el tiempo de ingreso. Metodología. Estudio multicéntrico prospectivo (n = 132). La variable de resultado es el tiempo de ingreso truncado a 90 días. Las variables explicativas son la gravedad psicopatológica (Escala breve de valoración psiquiátrica [BPRS]) y el funcionamiento adaptativo (Perfil de habilidades de la vida cotidiana [LSP]) de los pacientes a su ingreso. Resultados. Después de ajustar por edad, género y diagnóstico psiquiátrico al alta, la presencia de síntomas negativos (OR = 2,3; IC: 95 por ciento = 1,3 - 4,1), la capacidad de vida autónoma (OR = 0,85; IC 95 por ciento = 0,78 - 0,93), y la puntuación total en la escala LSP (OR = 0,96; IC 95 por ciento = 0,93 - 0,98) se asociaron significativamente al tiempo de ingreso. Estas tres variables no se diferenciaron en su poder predictivo ( 2 = 1,9 con 2 g.l.; p = 0,4). Conclusiones. Los déficits de funcionamiento adaptativo son tan importantes como la sintomatología negativa en la predicción del tiempo de ingreso. Ambos dominios de evaluación debieran incluirse en la información administrativa de alta (AU)

[Spanish adaptation of the Life Skills Profile. Profile of activities of daily living. Structure and factorial composition]. / Adaptación castellana de la escala LSP (Life Skills Profile). Perfil de habilidades de la vida cotidiana. Estructura y composición factorial.

The Spanish version of LSP (Life Skills Profile) including translation and its factorial structure are reported. Its has 39 items and it attempts to measure the chronic mental patient functioning in situations and tasks of everyday life. Factor analysis of this Spanish version has yield five subscales, that although they differ slightly from those proposed by the original authors, they hold strong clinical sense and also show considerable value as indicators of rehabilitative strategies.

[Study of the reliability, validity and internal consistency of the LSP scale (Life Skills Profile). Profile of activities of daily living]. / Estudio de fiabilidad, validez y consistencia interna de la escala LSP (Life Skills Profile). Perfil de habilidades de la vida cotidiana.

The LSP scale (Life Skills profile) has been recently translated and adapted into Spanish language. Its has 39 items and attempts to measure the chronic mental patient functioning in situations and tasks of everyday life. It is brief, jargon free, capable of completion by family members, community housing managers as well as professional staff. Reliability, concurrent validity and internal consistency of this Spanish version are reported. The good performance of LSP in all this measurements give support to its use in research and clinical settings.