Repercusiones clínicas del uso de piercing oral / No disponible

El uso de piercing oral y perioral se ha incrementado de manera importante en las últimas dos décadas sobre todo en la población joven, siendo actualmente una práctica en auge llevada a cabo en muchas ocasiones sin control sanitario. Como consecuencia de esto ha ido aumentando en las consultas dentales el número de pacientes con lesiones derivadas de la colocación o del mantenimiento en el tiempo de estos dispositivos. Esto ha tenido su reflejo en las cada vez más frecuentes publicaciones describiendo series o casos aislados de este tipo de complicaciones. Las manifestaciones pueden ser de gran diversidad y distintos niveles de gravedad, abarcando desde pequeñas lesiones locales como afectación de tejidos blandos y dientes en la cavidad oral, hasta cuadros más graves como aspiraciones bronquiales, transmisión de enfermedades infecciosas o endocarditis bacteriana, que pueden llegar a comprometer la vida del paciente. El desconocimiento del riesgo a sufrir este tipo de lesiones por parte de la población general y en muchas ocasiones de los propios profesionales de la salud bucal, hace aún más grave el problema. El objetivo del presente artículo es realizar una actualización sobre la situación actual del uso del piercing en la cavidad oral y las localizaciones más frecuentes de los mismos, así como hacer una revisión de las lesiones y complicaciones derivadas de su uso, su frecuencia e implicaciones (AU)

The use of oral and perioral piercing has increased significantly in the last two decades especially in the younger population and is now a growing practice carried out on many occasions without sanitary control. As a result of this has been increasing in the number of dental patients with injuries resulting from the placement or maintenance over time of these devices. This has been reflected in increasingly frequent series or publications describing isolated cases of such complications. The manifestations may be of great diversity and different levels of severity, ranging from small local lesions and involvement of soft tissues and teeth in the oral cavity, to more serious symptoms like bronchial aspirations, transmission of infectious disease or bacterialendocarditis, which can reach compromise the patient’s life. The lack of risk to suffer this injury by the general population and often of their own oral health professionals, makes the problem even worse. The aim of this paper is to update on the current use of piercing in the oral cavity and the most frequent of them, as well as a review of injuries and complications from its use, its frequency and implications (AU)

Oral lichenoid lesions related to contact with dental materials: A literature review

Oral lichenoid lesions related to contact are defined as oral-cavity eruptions with an identifiable etiology, and areclinically and histologically similar to oral lichen planus. Within this group are found oral lichenoid lesions relatedto contact with dental materials (OLLC), the most common being those related to silver amalgam. Currently, it remainsdifficult to diagnose these lesions due to the clinical and histopathological similarity with oral lichen planusand other oral mucosa lesions of lichenoid characteristics. In the present paper, we carry out an updated reviewof the tests for, and the different characteristics of OLLC, which may aid the diagnosis. For this review, we madesearches in the Pubmed® and Cochrane® databases. Among the literature we found several published papers, fromwhich we have used review papers, case papers, cohort studies, case and control studies, and a meta-analysis study.After carrying out this review, we can conclude that the diagnosis of these lesions is still difficult and controversial.However, there are different aspects in the clinical presentation, pathological study and results obtained whenreplacing suspect materials, which, when taken together, may be useful when establishing the final diagnosis ofOLLC (AU)

In vitro evaluation of the type of implant bed preparation with osteotomes in bone type IV and its influence on the stability of two implant systems.

OBJECTIVES: 1) To evaluate and compare the stability of two types of implants in an animal model after preparing the implant bed with various sequences of osteotomes in bone type IV. 2) To evaluate the hypothesis of whether or not the sequence of using osteotomes influences the primary implant stability. MATERIAL AND METHOD: We selected bone from cow ribs, which in its cross section (the most medullar area of the bone) would be equivalent to a type IV human bone. We used fifteen ribs, in which six implant beds were prepared in each rib block using different preparation protocols for seating three conical Swiss Plus SPB implants of 3.7 x 10 mm versus three MK III parallel wall implants of 4 x 10 mm.Three preparations, each with a diameter, were made for the implants, using osteotomes that progressively increased the diameter of the implant bed. In the first preparation, the complete sequence of osteotomes was used; in the second preparation, the last osteotome was left out; and in the third preparation, the implant was placed after only passing through the first osteotome. Once the implants were seated, we proceeded to evaluate the stability (Osstell ISQ-value). The locations were randomly chosen (by a coin toss). RESULTS AND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: We performed a statistical analysis of the ISQ values that were obtained during the different preparations carried out for the Mk III and Swiss Plus implants. The average range and standard deviation were calculated. The hypothesis was compared by a two-way variance analysis (type of implant/ different sequences of preparing the implant bed). It was considered significant for a p <0.05. The statistical results obtained for the values of the Mk III implant were significant (p = 0.042). CONCLUSIONS: The results of this in vitro study conclude that the tapered shape provides more primary stability to the implant and suggest that a short sequence of osteotomes in bone type IV provide more primary stability than the complete sequence.

In vitro evaluation of the type of implant bed preparation with osteotomes inbone type IV and its influence on the stability of two implant systems

Objectives: 1) To evaluate and compare the stability of two types of implants in an animal model after preparingthe implant bed with various sequences of osteotomes in bone type IV. 2) To evaluate the hypothesis of whetheror not the sequence of using osteotomes influences the primary implant stability.Material and Method: We selected bone from cow ribs, which in its cross section (the most medullar area of thebone) would be equivalent to a type IV human bone. We used fifteen ribs, in which six implant beds were preparedin each rib block using different preparation protocols for seating three conical Swiss Plus SPB implants of 3.7 x10 mm versus three MK III parallel wall implants of 4 x 10 mm.Three preparations, each with a diameter, weremade for the implants, using osteotomes that progressively increased the diameter of the implant bed. In the firstpreparation, the complete sequence of osteotomes was used; in the second preparation, the last osteotome was leftout; and in the third preparation, the implant was placed after only passing through the first osteotome. Once theimplants were seated, we proceeded to evaluate the stability (Osstell® ISQ-value). The locations were randomlychosen (by a coin toss).Results and statistical analysis: We performed a statistical analysis of the ISQ values that were obtained during thedifferent preparations carried out for the Mk III and Swiss Plus implants. The average range and standard deviationwere calculated. The hypothesis was compared by a two-way variance analysis (type of implant/ differentsequences of preparing the implant bed). It was considered significant for a p <0.05. The statistical results obtainedfor the values of the Mk III implant were significant (p = 0.042). Conclusions: The results of this in vitro study conclude that the tapered shape provides more primary stability to the implant and suggest that a short sequence of osteotomes in bone type IV provide more primary stability than the complete sequence (AU)

No disponible

Oral lichenoid lesions related to contact with dental materials: a literature review.

Oral lichenoid lesions related to contact are defined as oral-cavity eruptions with an identifiable etiology, and are clinically and histologically similar to oral lichen planus. Within this group are found oral lichenoid lesions related to contact with dental materials (OLLC), the most common being those related to silver amalgam. Currently, it remains difficult to diagnose these lesions due to the clinical and histopathological similarity with oral lichen planus and other oral mucosa lesions of lichenoid characteristics. In the present paper, we carry out an updated review of the tests for, and the different characteristics of OLLC, which may aid the diagnosis. For this review, we made searches in the Pubmed(R) and Cochrane(R) databases. Among the literature we found several published papers, from which we have used review papers, case papers, cohort studies, case and control studies, and a meta-analysis study. After carrying out this review, we can conclude that the diagnosis of these lesions is still difficult and controversial. However, there are different aspects in the clinical presentation, pathological study and results obtained when replacing suspect materials, which, when taken together, may be useful when establishing the final diagnosis of OLLC.

Audit of dental reports (II): first Phase-II study in a Spanish Faculty of Dentistry.

As a measure for correction of deficiencies registered through an audit of dental records in the Comprehensive Dentistry Clinic of the Dentistry Faculty of the University of Seville, we elaborated a new format for dental records which was used in 70 patients, carrying out a monitoring audit (Phase V) by applying the same quality criteria and criteria for data collection used in the initial audit (Phase III). We calculated the indices of fulfilment of 46 quality criteria, extending fulfilment percentage to 41 criteria, while statistically significant differences were found in 25 criteria. The standard prefixed as appropriate (75 %) was reached in 29 criteria (against the 12 criteria in which such standard was reached in the first dental audit). It is essential that faculties of dentistry develop systems for dental record revision which may help students achieve the competence of registering dental-care steps appropriately, teachers identify and give response to educational problems, and clinic administration prevent and correct conflicts, at the same time that they all ensure quality in service provision, ease relations with customers and protect users against legal vulnerability.

Audit of dental reports (II): First Phase-II study in a Spanish Faculty of Dentistry

No disponible

As a measure for correction of deficiencies registered through an audit of dental records in the ComprehensiveDentistry Clinic of the Dentistry Faculty of the University of Seville, we elaborated a new format for dental records which was used in 70 patients, carrying out a monitoring audit (Phase V) by applying the same quality criteria and criteria for data collection used in the initial audit (Phase III). We calculated the indices of fulfilment of 46 quality criteria, extending fulfilment percentage to 41 criteria, while statistically significant differences were found in 25criteria. The standard prefixed as appropriate (75 %) was reached in 29 criteria (against the 12 criteria in which such standard was reached in the first dental audit).It is essential that faculties of dentistry develop systems for dental record revision which may help students achieve the competence of registering dental-care steps appropriately, teachers identify and give response to educational problems, and clinic administration prevent and correct conflicts, at the same time that they all ensure quality in serviceprovision, ease relations with customers and protect users against legal vulnerability

Dental audit (I): Exact criteria of dental records; results of a Phase-III study.

OBJECTIVE: Evaluating the quality of dental records in the Faculty of Dentistry of the University of Seville (Spain). We attempted to collect and/or develop identifiable elements of dental care used to evaluate its appropriateness, as well as to measure its level of filling-in between 1999 and 2004 (Phase III of the record audit). METHOD: The 46 criteria used to evaluate dental care are shown, measuring--in 50 dental records randomly chosen within a 5-year-time period--their level of filling-in (Phase III of a health audit). RESULTS: A low level of filling-in was observed in all quality criteria defined. No record was found to be free from errors. A maximum of 36 criteria out of 46 was fulfilled (mean of 20.8). CONCLUSIONS: The standard of appropriate filling-in was only met in 12 criteria (75%), the results being poor, due to the importance which clearly deficient aspects related to diagnosis and treatment plan have in the process of patient care. For such reason, we suggest a remedial action (Phase IV) developing a new model of dental record and its subsequent re-evaluation (Phase V), which will be subject to analysis in the second part of this paper.

Dental audit (I): Exact criteria of dental records; Results of a Phase-III study

No disponible

Objective: Evaluating the quality of dental records in the Faculty of Dentistry of the University of Seville (Spain). We attempted to collect and/or develop identifiable elements of dental care used to evaluate its appropriateness, as well as to measure its level of filling-in between 1999 and 2004 (Phase III of the record audit).Method: The 46 criteria used to evaluate dental care are shown, measuring —in 50 dental records randomly chosenwithin a 5-year-time period— their level of filling-in (Phase III of a health audit).Results: A low level of filling-in was observed in all quality criteria defined. No record was found to be free from errors. A maximum of 36 criteria out of 46 was fulfilled (mean of 20.8).Conclusions: The standard of appropriate filling-in was only met in 12 criteria (75 %), the results being poor, due to the importance which clearly deficient aspects related to diagnosis and treatment plan have in the process of patient care. For such reason, we suggest a remedial action (Phase IV) developing a new model of dental record and its subsequent re-evaluation (Phase V), which will be subject to analysis in the second part of this paper

[Odontology in Spain: towards the integration to the European high education space]. / La Odontología en España: Hacia la Integración en el Espacio Europeo de Educación Superior.

The European Higher Education Space (EHES) is a project to harmonize all the European University systems in order that all of them will posses a homogeneous structure of undergraduate, graduate and post graduate studies. The time period established to implement this project is year 2010. The present paper describes the establishment of a new career degree model in Spain, the degree in Dentistry that started twenty years ago. Also it has been stated the number of the present Departments and Schools, the access system to Public University Schools of Spain, the evaluation system, and which are the new mechanisms incorporated in the Spanish University system to implement this integration to the EHEE. This is the moment to design the new master guidelines to obtain homogeneous career degrees that may imply more accessibility and mobility of students and professionals.

General anesthesia: as a challenge and treatment need option in pediatric dentistry.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine the type and characteristics of the interventions, indications of dental treatment and procedures performed to patients treated under general anesthesia (GA) by pediatric dentistry residents, during the 1997-1999 period. METHOD: A sample of 57 hospital records of patients treated as part of the Special Pediatric Course at the Puerto Rico Pediatric Hospital were reviewed. Statistical analysis was done using the chi-square test for inferences on proportions. RESULTS: MR patients made up 59.7% and NMR patients made up 40.3% of the sample studied. Ages ranged from 2 to 35 years with a mean age of 11 years (SD=8.54). MR patients were classified into 7 categories: mental retardation (38.2%), cerebral palsy (14.7%), epileptic (5.9%), mental syndromes (26.9%), hydrocephalic (5.9%), autism (5.9%) and others (2.9%). The NMR were classified into 5 categories: early childhood caries (65.2%), cardiac patients (8.7%), maxillofacial anomalies (4.3%), organic syndromes (13.1%) and others (8.7%). The dental procedures performed were: dental extractions 84%(MR) and 68% (NMR), restorative procedures 87.3%(MR) and 12.7%(NMR). Oral prophylaxis was performed in 76.8%, fissure sealants in 10.7% and topical fluoride applications in 21.8%. CONCLUSION: Dental extraction was a frequently performed procedure in both groups. The prevalence of exodontia and restorative procedures indicates the need to design and implement prevention programs for special pediatric patients.

Lichenoid reaction associated to amalgam restoration.

Hypersensitivity to mercury associated with amalgam restorations may occur and present in one of two different ways. Most commonly it presents as an oral lichenoid reaction affecting oral mucosa in direct contact with an amalgam restoration and represents a delayed, type IV, cell mediated immune response to mercury or one of the other constituents of the dental amalgam. We report a case of oral lichenoid reaction associated to amalgam restoration. A 38 year-old woman presented a caries lesion of tooth #37. A Blacks class I preparation was performed and filled with amalgam. After 19 months, intra-oral examination revealed atrophic lesion, lightly erythematous, affecting the left buccal mucous. The lesion contacted directly with the amalgam restoration in the lower first molar. The right buccal mucosa was normal. His medical history was unremarkable, he was taking no medication and had no known allergies. However, the patient had felt certain rare sensation in that zone when eating sharp meals. Biopsy showed histological changes compatible with oral lichen planus. The patient decided not to change again the restoration, because she did not have important annoyances and she did not wish to be treated again. Other restorations were performed with composite resins, and no reaction was evidenced in the mucosa.

Reacción liquenoide oral en relación con una restauración de amalgama de plata / Lichenoid reaction associated to amalgam restoration

La amalgama de plata es uno de los materiales de uso odontológico, frente al que se pueden producir reacciones de hipersensibilidad. La forma más frecuente es la aparición de una reacción liquenoide, que afecta a la mucosa oral en contacto directo con la restauración de amalgama y que está producida por una reacción de hipersensibilidad retardada tipo IV, como respuesta inmune mediada por células frente al mercurio o a algún otro componente de la amalgama dental. En este trabajo presentamos un caso de reacción liquenoide oral (RLO) asociada a una restauración de amalgama de plata. Una mujer de 38 años de edad solicitó asistencia odontológica para el tratamiento de la caries del diente #37, realizándose una preparación cavitaria clase I de Black, que se rellenó con amalgama de plata. Pasados 19 meses, la paciente volvió al consultorio dental, apreciándose una zona atrófica, ligeramente eritematosa, en la mucosa yugal izquierda, justamente en la región de mucosa contactante con el molar restaurado con amalgama de plata. La mucosa yugal derecha tenía un aspecto normal. La paciente había sentido cierta sensación rara en esa zona al comer comidas picantes. No había recibido ningún tipo de tratamiento desde la anterior visita, ni presentaba antecedentes alérgicos. Tras la toma de biopsia, el estudio anatomopatológico demostró cambios histológicos compatibles con liquen plano oral. La paciente decidió no recambiar la restauración, por valorar que no tenía molestias importantes y no deseaba someterse de nuevo al tratamiento. Las restauraciones de otros dientes se le realizaron con resina compuesta, sin que se produjese reacción alguna en la mucosa (AU)

Hypersensitivity to mercury associated with amalgam restorations may occur and present in one of two different ways. Most commonly it presents as an oral lichenoid reaction affecting oral mucosa in direct contact with an amalgam restoration and represents a delayed, type IV, cell mediated immune response to mercury or one of the other constituents of the dental amalgam. We report a case of oral lichenoid reaction associated to amalgam restoration. A 38 year-old woman presented a caries lesion of tooth #37. A Black's class I preparation was performed and filled with amalgam. After 19 months, intra-oral examination revealed atrophic lesion, lightly erythematous, affecting the left buccal mucous. The lesion contacted directly with the amalgam restoration in the lower first molar. The right buccal mucosa was normal. His medical history was unremarkable, he was taking no medication and had no known allergies. However, the patient had felt certain rare sensation in that zone when eating sharp meals. Biopsy showed histological changes compatible with oral lichen planus. The patient decided not to change again the restoration, because she did not have important annoyances and she did not wish to be treated again. Other restorations were performed with composite resins, and no reaction was evidenced in the mucosa (AU)

Valoración del riesgo médico en la consulta dental mediante la encuesta EMRRH / Evaluation of medical risk in dental practice through using the EMRRH questionnaire

Fundamento: debido a que cada vez hay una población de mayor edad y debido a las nuevas técnicas médicas y odontológicas, el número de complicaciones médicas durante el tratamiento dental tiende a aumentar. Para evitar estas complicaciones, debe realizarse una historia clínica apropiada a todos los pacientes. La búsqueda de un cuestionario apropiado, que cubra adecuadamente todas las posibilidades, es por tanto necesario. Material y método: en este trabajo se utilizó la encuesta EMRRH, propuesta por un grupo de investigadores europeos, para estudiar la prevalencia de los antecedentes médicos en una población que acude a la consulta dental solicitando tratamiento. Resultados: un total de 716 pacientes fueron registrados, de estos, 219 pacientes tenían algún antecedente médico de interés. Existían diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre la edad media de la población con y sin antecedentes médicos (p<0’0005). En segundo lugar, del 30’6% de la población con antecedentes médicos (N=219), diferenciamos aquellos pacientes que podían tener un riesgo bajo, medio y alto de complicaciones a la hora del tratamiento dental. Se obtuvo que el 17’31% de los pacientes fueron clasificados como riesgo ASA II; el 9’49% como ASA III, y el 2’51% como ASA IV. Dentro de las patologías, la de mayor frecuencia fue la hipertensión (13’8%), seguida de las alergias medicamentosas (8’37%), palpitaciones (7’82%), patología respiratoria (5’16%) y diabetes (4’3%). Conclusión: de todo esto podemos deducir la gran importancia de la realización de una detallada historia clínica, ya que podríamos alterar gravemente la salud del paciente con nuestro tratamiento dental (AU)

Object: Due to the fact that the population is getting older and to new medical and dental techniques, the number of medical complications during treatment is tending to increase. In order to avoid these complications a correct clinical history should be obtained of all these patients. The search for a suitable questionnaire which would be able to take into account all these factors is therefore necessary. Material and Method: In this study we have used the questionnaire EMRRH which has been proposed by a group of European investigators, in order to study the prevalence of past medical problems in a population that attends a dental clinic for treatment. Results: A total number of 716 patients were registered. Of these, 219 had a medical history that was of some interest to us. There were significant differences between the average age of the population with or without former medical problems (p<0´0005). Secondly, out of the 30´6% of the population with medical problems (N=219), we separated into groups those patients who would have a low, medium or high risk of complications when submitted to dental treatment. 17´31% of the patients were classified as risk ASA II; 949´% as ASA III, and 2´51% as ASA IV. Among the diverse pathologies the highest percentage was hypertension (13´8%), followed by allergies to different drugs (8´37%), palpitations (7´82%), respiratory pathologies (5´16%) and diabetes (4´3%). Conclusion: We can see the obvious need for a detailed medical history to be taken because of the existing prevalence of these above pathologies taking into account that without one we could seriously harm the patient´s health with our dental treatment (AU)

Evaluation of medical risk in dental practice through using the EMRRH questionnaire.

OBJECT: Due to the fact that the population is getting older and to new medical and dental techniques, the number of medical complications during treatment is tending to increase. In order to avoid these complications a correct clinical history should be obtained of all these patients. The search for a suitable questionnaire which would be able to take into account all these factors is therefore necessary. MATERIAL AND METHOD: In this study we have used the questionnaire EMRRH which has been proposed by a group of European investigators, in order to study the prevalence of past medical problems in a population that attends a dental clinic for treatment. RESULTS: A total number of 716 patients were registered. Of these, 219 had a medical history that was of some interest to us. There were significant differences between the average age of the population with or without former medical problems (p<0.0005). Secondly, out of the 30.6% of the population with medical problems (N=219), we separated into groups those patients who would have a low, medium or high risk of complications when submitted to dental treatment. 17.31% of the patients were classified as risk ASA II; 9.49% as ASA III, and 2.51% as ASA IV. Among the diverse pathologies the highest percentage was hypertension (13.8%), followed by allergies to different drugs (8.37%), palpitations (7.82%), respiratory pathologies (5.16%) and diabetes (4.3%). CONCLUSION: We can see the obvious need for a detailed medical history to be taken because of the existing prevalence of these above pathologies taking into account that without one we could seriously harm the patient health with our dental treatment.

Incidence of barodontalgias and their relation to oral/ dental condition in personnel with responsibility in military flight.

OBJECTIVES: The aim of the present study was to investigate the incidence of barodontalgias in a sample of 506 patients, all of whom are personnel with responsibility in military flight. An additional aim was to correlate this incidence with various oral pathologies and their subsequent treatment. DESIGN OF THE STUDY: The ICAO and CPITN indices in flight personnel who underwent the obligatory official examination at the Straits Air Command Hospital were investigated, in each case taking the data of the initial examination. Any effects that occurred in simulated flights, conducted in a hypobaric chamber, were also recorded. Any case of barodontalgia was investigated in depth, relating it to the pathology that caused it, and observing the result of the treatment employed. RESULTS: There were three cases of barodontalgia (2.63%). The pain was essentially of posterior localisation (92.3%), and in the majority of cases was described as acute and localised (61.5%). In a high percentage it did not disappear after landing (61.5%). The pathologies were varied, and the treatments were in keeping with these. The result after the therapeutic phase was entirely satisfactory in 69.2%. If we correlate the appearance of barodontalgias with other variables, in the patients who experienced them we record a larger number of fillings (P = 0.1617) and a smaller number of teeth missing (P = 0.6603). The Caries Index is similar in the two groups (P = 0.9187). The average ICAO is higher (P = 0.3345) in those patients who suffered from pain, though it must be pointed out that the low number of cases means it is difficult to record statistically significant results. CONCLUSIONS: Our results showed an incidence of barodontalgia in the study population of 2.63%, overall. In real flight the incidence was 2.4% and in the ascents conducted in the hypobaric chamber it was 0.2%. On the other hand, no statistically significant differences were found between the results for the Indices of Oral Health of the patients affected by barodontalgia and those not so affected, although the ICAO was greater.

Prevalencia de las barodontalgias y su relación con el estado bucodental en el personal con responsabilidad en vuelo militar / Incidence of barodontalgias and their relation to oral/dental condition in personnel with responsability in military flight

Objetivos: El objetivo de la presente investigación fue estudiar la prevalencia de las barodontalgias en una muestra de 506 pacientes, todos ellos personal con responsabilidad en vuelo militar. Un objetivo adicional fue correlacionar esta prevalencia con las distintas patologías orales y su posterior terapéutica.Diseño del estudio: Se estudiaron los índices ICAO y CPITN en el personal de vuelo que realizó el reconocimiento oficial obligatorio en la Policlínica del Mando Aéreo del Estrecho, tomándose siempre los datos del reconocimiento inicial. También se recogió si hubo algún tipo de incidencia en los vuelos simulados que se realizaron en la cámara hipobárica. Cuando se presentó algún caso de barodontalgia se estudió en profundidad, relacionándolo con la patología que lo había provocado y observándose el resultado de la terapéutica empleada. Resultados: Los casos de barodontalgia fueron trece (2,63 por ciento). El dolor fue fundamentalmente de localización posterior (92,3 por ciento), y descrito en su mayoría como agudo y localizado (61,5 por ciento). No desapareció tras aterrizar en un elevado porcentaje (61,5 por ciento). Las patologías fueron variadas y los tratamientos acordes a éstas. El resultado tras la fase terapéutica fue totalmente satisfactorio en un 69,2 por ciento.Si correlacionamos la aparición de barodontalgias con otras variables, en los pacientes que las experimentaron se registra un mayor número de obturaciones (P = 0,1617) y un menor índice de ausencias (P = 0,6603). El Indice de Caries es similar en ambos grupos (P = 0,9187). El ICAO medio es superior (P = 0,3345) en los pacientes que padecieron el dolor, aunque es necesario remarcar que el bajo número de casos hace que dificilmente se consigan resultados estadísticamente significativos. Conclusiones: Nuestros resultados demostraron una prevalencia de barodontalgia en la población objeto del estudio del 2,63 por ciento, en conjunto. En vuelo real la prevalencia fue del 2,4 por ciento y en los ascensos realizados en la cámara hipobárica fue del 0,2 por ciento. Por otra parte no se apreciaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre los resultados de los Indices de Salud Oral de los pacientes afectados de barodontalgia y aquellos que no presentaron dicho barotrauma, aunque el ICAO fue mayor (AU)

Tratamiento odontológico bajo anestesia general ofrecido por el Hospital Pediátrico Universitario de Puerto Rico durante los años 1989-1994 / Dental treatment under general anesthesia offered at the Hospital Pediátrico Universitario de Puerto Rico during the years 1989-1994

One hundred and fourteen mentally retarded (MR) and non-mentally retarded (NMR) patients were divided into two groups and categorized according to the condition presented. Age, sex, and type of procedure performed were recorded for each patient. On the MR group 32 per cent were over 17 years of age. On the NMR group 51 per cent were under 6 years of age. The sex distribution was similar in both groups. Exodontia was the most frequently performed dental procedure. The MR group was composed of those who presented only mental retardation (42 per cent), cerebral palsy (17 per cent), epilepsy (15 per cent), syndromes (7 per cent), endocrinopathies (7 per cent), hydrocephalus (5 per cent) and other conditions (7 per cent). The NMR group was composed of those who presented cardiopathy (7 per cent), bottle syndrome (42 per cent), hemotopathy (11 per cent), maxillofacial disorders (24 per cent) and other conditions (16 per cent).