[The results of clinical trials and the prospects of using the Soviet preparation of human recombinant interferon alpha-2 (reaferon) in medical practice]. / Rezul'taty klinicheskikh ispytanii i perspektivy primeneniia v meditsinskoi praktike otechestvennogo rekombinantnogo preparata chelovecheskogo interferona al'fa-2 (reaferona).

The results of the clinical trials of human recombinant interferon alpha-2 (reaferon) make it possible to come to the conclusion that the preparation is well-tolerated and produces a pronounced therapeutic effect in a number of viral and oncological diseases. The Pharmacological Committee of the USSR has recommended reaferon for use in acute hepatitis B, hairy cell leukemia, renal cancer at stage IV, disseminated sclerosis, ocular herpes. The use of reaferon has been found to be promising in the treatment of papillomatosis of the larynx, Kaposi's sarcoma, mycosis fungoides, chronic myeloleukemia.

[Recombinant human alfa2-interferon (reaferon) in ointment form in the treatment of various diseases of the skin and mucosa]. / Gennoinzhenernyi chelovecheskii interferon al'fa-2 (reaferon) v vide mazi pri lechenii nekotorykh zabolevanii kozhi i slizistykh obolochek.

Clinical trials of the gene engineered human alpha 2-interferon as ointment were performed. The ointment was used in the treatment of patients with relapsing herpes of various localization, relapsing aphthous stomatitis and pemphigus vulgaris. It was shown that the ointment was harmless and its therapeutic effect was favourable. The preparation is recommended for introduction into the practice of public health.

[Phenotypes of the alpha-1 proteinase inhibitor in septic diseases and leukemia in children]. / Fenotipy al'fa 1-ingibitora proteinaz pri septicheskikh zabolevaniiakhi leikozakh u detei.

Employment of isoelectrofocussing techniques for the determination of proteinase alpha 1-inhibitor (p alpha 1i) phenotypes helped detect original rare phenotypes. Their accurate identification should be performed with a set of standard sera. The findings of studies on the number of p alpha 1i by Mancini's immunoprecipitation test are analyzed, as are the data of phenotype studies by p alpha 1i isoelectrofocussing in children suffering from acute leukemia and sepsis. The findings evidence a drastic increase of p alpha 1i number, parallelled by the emergence of a manifest anode fraction of a common Pi MM phenotype; this may be regarded as a manifestation of a rare Pi MM anode phenotype in phenotyping. The possible reasons of this phenomenon are discussed; the authors emphasize the significance of analyzing rare p alpha 1i phenotypical variants with standard sera.

[Isolation and properties of monomeric and oligomeric forms of gene-engineered human leukocyte interferon alphaA from Pseudomonas sp]. / Vydelenie i svoistva monomernoi i oligomernykh form genno-inzhenernogo chelovecheskogo leikotsitarnogo interferona alphaA iz Pseudomonas sp.

Using stepwise ion-exchange and gel-permeation high performance liquid chromatography and SDS-PAAG gel electrophoresis, it was demonstrated that the non-reduced gene-engineered interferon alpha A is represented by multiple forms, namely, four monomers, four dimers, two trimers and one tetramer. All the protein forms were obtained in an individual state and characterized in terms of antiviral activity and immunochemical properties. The heterogeneity of the protein is due both to the formation of anomalous intermolecular disulfide bonds and to the existence of reduced S-S bonds. The antiviral activity of the dimers, trimers and tetramers expressed as units per mole of protein is equal to that for the monomeric form, i.e., the interaction of one monomeric subunit of the covalently-linked oligomer is sufficient for the manifestation of the protein antiviral activity. This suggests that the antiviral status of the cell does not depend on the amount internalized interferon molecules of their processing products but is controlled by the cell receptor whose internalization and, possibly, processing stimulate the transcription of genes involved in the triggering of the immune response.

[Specific binding of mu- and delta-ligands by opiate receptors in the rat brain in the presence of reaferon]. / Spetsificheskoe sviazyvanie mu- i delta-ligandov opiatnymi retseptorami golovnogo mozga krys v prisutstvii reaferona.

The ability of recombinant alpha 2-interferon (reaferon) to compete for opiate binding sites with mu- and delta-selective compounds was determined. Reaferon was found to inhibit the binding of 3H-D-ala2, D-leu5-enkephalin, and Ki value calculated was equal to 8.5 +/- 2.6 U.10(-3)/ml. The mu-agonists reception levels were decreased in the presence of reaferon at concentrations above 500 U/ml; the Ki values for 3H-morphine, 3H-dihydromorphine, 3H-RX 783006 were found to be 3.25 +/- 0.35, 4.28 +/- 0.81 and 6.51 +/- 1.27 U.10(-4)/ml, respectively. When reaferon was added into reaction medium at concentrations more than 5.10(3) U/ml the specific receptor binding of opiate antagonist 3H-naloxone was demonstrated to be increased and this effect was reversed with 100 mM NaCl. The existence of allosteric reaferon binding site which coupled with naloxone sensitive receptor was suggested to explain the results obtained.