[Global demographic problem and active aging (literature review)].

The article presents an overview of foreign sources devoted to the problems of population aging as a significant phenomenon that has become the most important medical and socio-demographic challenge in the world. The review provides global data on this problem and shows the need for elaborating and implementing active aging strategies, optimizing opportunities for health, participation and safety in order to improve the life quality as people age. The paper employs the method of content analysis of scientific publications retrieved in PubMed database by keywords - «aging¼, «population aging¼, «demographic trend¼, «longevity¼, and «life expectancy¼. Scientific publications for the period 2018-2023, WHO and UN materials, statistical data, and popular scientific publications have been studied. The purpose of the review was to analyze trends and global nature of aging based on scientific publications and open sources, and to highlight the most promising areas of the demographic policy on the older adults. In the time of rapid demographic changes, it is extremely important to use all available opportunities that maximize healthy aging with the participation of the older adults. We should remember that aging is a natural process and it is better to accept it, both psychologically and physically, rather than ignore. Healthy aging should become and has become the main principle of life, suggesting a longer healthy life of the older adults, who, in turn, should understand how to accept and implement this principle in their lives.

[THE EVOLUTION OF PROACTIVE DISPENSARY MONITORING IN THE MOSCOW HEALTHCARE SYSTEM].

Economic and social losses due to epidemics of non-communicable diseases have put prevention and control of them on the first line in the field of sustainable development of the United Nations. The tasks of combating NCDs and risk factors within the framework of the Sustainable Development Goals require targeted actions on the part of States in the field of policy and legislation and provision of health systems with appropriate resources. In the Russian Federation, such work is being implemented within the framework of the national project "Healthcare", federal programs to combat oncological and cardiovascular diseases. Each subject takes into account the peculiarities of economic development, staffing, implementation of informatization processes, etc. The rapid pace of transformation of Moscow healthcare, its unique institutional structure allowed to form the basis for the effective development of a system of proactive dispensary monitoring of patients suffering from chronic diseases. The authors describe the process of formation of preventive work and organization of dynamic dispensary observation in Moscow. The paper presents in detail the organizational, administrative and technological resources used to create a unique system of dynamic dispensary observation. In addition, the article illustrates the personalized subsystem of dynamic dispensary observation in EMIAS and the institute of "physician assistant". The introduction of a proactive dispensary monitoring system will reduce premature mortality and disability among residents of the city. Moscow through an individual monitoring program and motivation for the responsible attitude of metropolitan patients to their health.