RESUMO
The purpose of this descriptive comparative pilot study was to determine if there are rural-urban and racial differences in the prevalence of four modifiable risk factors (blood pressure, serum cholesterol, diabetes and smoking) for cardiovascular disease among low income Black and White women. Of the 163 low income women who participated in the study, it was found that Black women had a significantly higher prevalence of elevated blood pressure and serum cholesterol levels than White women. The observed rates for smoking and diabetes were highest among rural White women. Implications for health education and continued research are presented.
Assuntos
Negro ou Afro-Americano , Doenças Cardiovasculares/etnologia , População Branca , Adulto , Doenças Cardiovasculares/etiologia , Pesquisa em Enfermagem Clínica , Feminino , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Projetos Piloto , Pobreza , Fatores de Risco , População Rural , População UrbanaAssuntos
Atropina/farmacologia , Comportamento de Ingestão de Líquido/efeitos dos fármacos , Fenômenos Fisiológicos da Nutrição Animal , Animais , Comportamento Animal/efeitos dos fármacos , Ingestão de Alimentos , Comportamento Alimentar/efeitos dos fármacos , Injeções Intraperitoneais , Nitratos , Esquema de Reforço , Cloreto de Sódio/farmacologia , Sulfatos , SedeRESUMO
The collateral water intake of albino rats was measured when the inter-pellet intervals in fixed-ratio and fixed-time schedules were equated. Fixed-ratio and fixed-time inter-pellet intervals were equated by dividing the average fixed-ratio session time of each subject by 150 (food pellets). The average inter-pellet interval obtained then defined the subsequent fixed-time schedule for each individual subject. Shifts to fixed-time schedules followed the completion of each fixed-ratio 20, 40, and 80 schedule. This procedure permitted an assessment of the extent to which excessive collateral drinking was associated with inter-pellet interval length or adventitious food reinforcement. For both the fixed-ratio and fixed-time schedules, drinking progressively increased as a function of increasing the duration of the inter-pellet interval and was a post-pellet event under the control of variables other than adventitious food reinforcement.
