Comparative study of diseases of the stomatognathic system and specific parameters of osteoporosis.

UNLABELLED: What are the specific parameters of dental health that present with modifications in osteoporosis (OP)? Both OP and a decreased bone mass can affect dental health. A low mineral density may lead to the loss of dentures because the jaw is exposed to the effects of periodontitis and without strong sustainability the teeth may lose their stability. INTRODUCTION: We compared the values of the periodontal index (IP) with a T score for women presenting with OP at menopause and those without OP. We found that there is a relation between OP and the loss of bone mass at the oral-facial level. METHODS: The study included 87 patients, aged between 35 and 75 years. We correlated gums and IP with the T score for the two groups. RESULTS: We found a significant difference between the values of the IP index for the group with OP in comparison with the control group. Thus a correlation between OP and IP was confirmed. CONCLUSIONS: IP was statistically significantly higher in women at menopause with OP than those without OP. Gum retraction was significantly higher in women at menopause with OP than in the control group. There was thus a real correlation between bone mineral density (BMD) and IP, while between BMD and dental mobility we found no correlation.

[Biomechanical study on dento-alveolar arch forces]. / Studiul biomecanic al fortelor ce actioneaza asupra arcadei dento-alveolare.

UNLABELLED: This study has two major objectives. The first one is to draw attention in an original device especially conceived and designed to measure bite force; the second purpose of the study is represented by proper measurements of individual bite force during bilateral clenching for two lots of patients using this device and comparing the outcomes to those of other similar studies, in order to prove its practical utility. MATERIAL AND METHOD: 62 young (20-35 years of age) healthy patients were tested: 35 fully dentured subjects in control group and 27 subjects with various single unit treated edentation, in test group. The two potentiometers from the lateral side of the device are connected to a computer which would measure, register and interpret the outcomes during three different sessions of clenching for each patient. RESULTS: Measured values showed that the mean maximum bilateral bite force in patients with no edentation was, in all cases, higher than in patients with single unit treated edentation for all three sessions. Because the device allows simultaneous bilateral registration of the bite force, during the same session, it is obvious that it can measure also the asymmetry between left and right dental hemi-arches. Therefore, in control group, mean values found in left side were higher (369.36N - 399.75N) than right side (352.18N - 392.15N); an opposite situation was found in test group: higher values were found in right side (313.75N - 329.43N) comparing to left side (310.54N -321.53N). CONCLUSION: The device proved to be usefull not only for measuring bite force in one region of dental arches, but it is designed to simultaneous register parameters from various regions; the values obtained in this study are similar to those reported by others authors who used more sophisticated devices, so that this simple device proves its usefulness.

[Study of dental chromatic space]. / Studiu asupra spatiului cromatic dentar.

Dental chromatic space has been the topic for many studies and most of all indicated that dental structures are very versatile from the colour point of view, therefore a proper shade selection is difficult to made. Our study made a comparison between the shades of dental structures of men and women of different ages, the measurements being done in three regions: incisal, middle and cervical. We used a spectrophotometer Spectra-Flash 600 and the PC programme Data-Master version 2.3 for both chromatic determinations and the statistical evaluations. The study proved that there are no major differences between the dental shades of men and women; meanwhile chrome increases with age and from incisal to cervical regions. Also, value increases from incisal to cervical region.

[The para-clinic investigation of temporo-mandibular joint changes in patients with acromegaly]. / Investigarea paraclinica a modificarilor articulatiei temporo-mandibulare la bolnavii cu acromegalie.

The Acromegaly is an endocrinological disease determined by the hypersecretion of STH in a certain period of the body evolution and it causes the hypertrophy of bones in general and of mandible and cranio-facial bones, determining a disorder due to this development of bones, associated with troubles in the activity of muscles and of the phospho-calcium metabolism. This study was made on a group of 33 acromegaly patients. Their temporo-mandibular joint was investigated by ortopantomography, tomography, computer tomography and scintigraphy. All of these exams shows the changes in temporo-mandibular joint due to the cells hyperactivity determined by the hypersecretion of STH.

[Some aspects concerning the electrochemical corrosion of the Gaudent-S dental alloy]. / Unele aspecte privind coroziunea electrochimica a aliajului dentar Gaudent-S.

The potentiodynamic polarization methods have been employed to evaluate the corrosion resistance of the Gaudent-S dental alloy in a slightly acid artificial saliva (Fusayama's saliva; pH = 6.18), a slightly alkaline artificial saliva (Rondelli's saliva; pH = 7.75) and in an acid saline solution (NaCl/lactic acid; pH = 2.64). The results were compared with those obtained for copper and aluminium--the principal components of the studied alloy. In Fusayama's artificial saliva both the copper and Gaudent alloy exhibit close indentic cyclic voltammograms, typical for pitting corrosion; the pitting potentials being 1550 mV (SCE) for Gaudent-S and 1350 mV (SCE) for copper, while the repassivation potential is 700 mV (SCE), the same for the two analysed metals. In the Rondelli's artificial saliva and in acidic saline solution the passivation domain is considerable reduced; the corrosion potential and the repassivation potential coincides. In the saline acid solution the current densities are two times higher than those obtained in the other two solutions. In the aluminium case it can be noticed that the passivation domain is very reduced, no cathodic peak is observed and much more current densities are registered in the positive potential domain.

[Correlations between occlusal dysfunctions and temporomandibular joint disorders]. / Corelatii între tulburarile ocluzale si modificarile de la nivelul articulatiilor temporo-mandibulare.

The occlusal problems and the temporomandibular disorders are the most frequent aspects which we often find to the patients with the dysfunctional syndrome of the stomatognathic system. This study tries to establish the correlation between these two kinds of dysfunctions and to find (if it exists) a direct proportional relation between them. For this purpose we studied 8 cases who had been diagnosed as having the dysfunctional syndrome of the stomatognathic system on the base of the clinical symptoms, tomographs and CT. The results of the study proved that an occlusal dysfunction can affect the temporomandibular joint and vice versa, because all the component parts of the stomatognathic system are in a close relationship and they influence each other, but these results didn't indicate a direct proportional relation between these two kinds of dysfunctions.

[The evaluation of sound level in dental practice]. / Evaluarea nivelului zgomotului în cabinetul stomatologic.

Noise pollution is one of the most important problems of the contemporary world. Dentistry is one of the most affected areas because the activity in a dental practice involves the use of different devices that generate noise. The purpose of our study is to evaluate the sound level in a dental practice with 4 dental units using a complex system, which comprises: a Sound Blaster Live 5.1, a Dual microphone, a PC and special software for the acquisition and data analysis. The sound level detected by us is similar with the data from the international literature with some particular aspects and suggests that the dental practice is a noise polluted environment although most of the sound levels are beneath the damaging noise level for the human ear (85 dB).

Morphological features in the embryological development of the anterior arch of the mandible.

OBJECTIVES: Our study is focused on the typical morphological features of the development of the mandible. There were investigated both specific elements for the ossification process as well as aspects of the developing tooth germs. METHODS: We performed transmission electron microscopy analyses on sections obtained from 15 human embryos aged between 6 and 20 weeks. The sections were acquired from specific areas of the anterior arch of the mandible, corresponding to the sites of development of the tooth germs, namely the incisors and the canines. RESULTS: There were observed some characteristic elements for the intramembranous ossification process (mesenchymal cells, collagen fibers, osteoblasts, bony spicules), and for the different stages of odontogenesis (bud, cap). CONCLUSIONS: The results confirm the important role of this territory and highlight the primary elements of the intramembranous ossification and of the odontogenesis, as essential steps in the development of the head and the face.

[Periodontal regeneration with enamel derivate proteins (Emdogain)--clinical evaluation]. / Régénération parodontale a dérivés de la matrice proteique de l'email (Emdogain)--évaluation clinique.

UNLABELLED: The study was undertaken in order to evaluate the effect of Emdogain as an adjuvant in periodontal surgery in promoting bone level gain, compared to bone levels after surgery. METHOD: The study was realised on 6 patients. who had pair test sites and control sites. Two interproximal sites were selected in each patient at a distance from each other, in the same maxilla, with infra-osseous defects with depth > or = 4 mm and width > or = 2 mm. The patients were followed on a long term period, initially and after 8 and 16 months. RESULTS: The average values of the clinical attachment level were evaluated both in the test sites and in the control group at 8 months and 16 months, The radiographic osseous level continued to recede at the group treated with Emdogain, and in the control group it remained at its initial level. The radiographic gain was ascertained after 16 months. CONCLUSION: This study proves that the topic use of Emdogain as an adjuvant, during periodontal defects surgery, on radicular surfaces, determines a gain in the clinical attachment and an osseous gain observed on X-rays.

[The terminal occlusal contacts of the edentulous patient with a complete denture]. / Contactele ocluzale terminale la pacientul edentat total protezat.

For the last few decades our knowledge concerning the occlusion have developed a lot, because of the many clinical, morphological and functional implications of the occlusion. In the study of the terminal occlusion, it is considered to be of functional importance the closing trajectory of the mandible in centric relation and the closing trajectory of the mandible in maximal occlusion. The purpose of this research is to analyse the terminal occlusion of the complete denture patients, emphasize the link between occlusion disharmony and instability of the complete denture. Complementary exam used is the computerized T-scan system connected a compatible IBM computer. The study included 17 to subjects (11 males and 6 females), with an age over-age of 63 years. When completing this study the authors were able to classify four types of occlusal contacts.

[The correlations between the electromyographic display and the aspects involved with masticatory muscle contraction and phosphorus-calcium metabolism]. / Corelatii între reflectari electromiografice si unele aspecte legate de contractia muschilor manducatori si metabolismul fosfo-calcic.

The neuromuscular activity at the level of the stomatognathic system has a specific complexity, due to the multiple systemic functions, realizing the statistical and dynamical mandibular positions and the integration of the stomatognathic system at the level of the human body. Knowing that the neuroendocrine system represents an important factor for the over-systemic coordination of the stomatognathic muscular activity, we want to establish the implication and the neuroendocrine correlation in the stomatognathic muscular dysfunctions determined by some endocrine diseases.

[A statistical analysis of the variation in the cephalometric measures of acromegaly patients]. / Analiza statistica privind variatia masuratorilor cefalometrice la bolnavii cu acromegalie.

Acromegaly represents the endocrine disease which includes the somatic and metabolic disorders secondly resulting to the augmentation of the Growth Hormone secretion after the growth cartilages closing (in adult). In this study we want to describe the craniofacial cephalometric qualitative and quantitative disorders and to emphasize their implications in the onset and the evolution of the stomatognathic system dysfunctional syndrome. For proving this things, we made a statistical study using a statistics function named "standard deviation" which is a measure of how widely values are dispersed from the average value.

[Changes in the craniomandibular relations of acromegaly patients]. / Studiu asupra modificarii relatiilor mandibulo-craniene la bolnavii cu acromegalie.

The dishomeostazical theory (etiopathogenic integrative concept) allows an ample and complex vue on the stomatognathic system dysfunctional syndrome, because it begins from the perception of the stomatognathic system (SS) as a whole in which the alteration of each element can induce the disfunction of the entire system. The purpose of this study is to demonstrate that the neuroendocrine suprasystemic factor (STH hypersecretion on adult organism) disturbs every element of the SS and induces an important alteration of the fundamental cranio-mandibular relations.

Peri-implant tissue and the longevity of restoration.

The clinical success was analysed several times, based upon the good results obtained and unfortunately not on a basis of correct scientific researches, as the cellular and ultrastructural investigations. In the randomized study a more numerous failures are seen in the first, respectively second year, after the application of the implant. The failures were predominantly observed in case of mandible implants. The quality of the bone is an essential factor for the success of the implant without correlation with the age of the patient. The most objective choice of the patients as well as a correct conceived and executed therapeutical plan, the follow-up cooperation with the patient, in what concerns the strict oral hygiene, would had to an increasing number of successfully solved cases. The success of the implant may be ensured when besides the content of the patient, the long-term stability of the soft and bone peri-implant tissues is achieved. By this is also obtained by morphological stability, which may be evaluated following clinical X-ray parameters. This stability is under dependence of the biological status. Conclusively this means an established biomechanical balance and stable relationships between the immune defense system of the least and the pathogenic potential of the microorganisms.

Peri-implantitis.

Peri-implant lesions are directly linked to the relationship between the implant and the soft tissue. These lesions are rare in the case of pure Ti smooth implants, but appear frequently around the rough-surfaced implants. A marginal inflammation may result in a rapid peri-implant bone loss, since the peri-implant connective tissue constitutes in a less effective barrier than the same tissue surrounding the tooth. The morphopathological examination of the peri-implant tissues revealed after their removal that the gum's mucous membrane is not inflamed, but degenerative lesions were observed both on the epithelium and chorion. The papillary lamina propria contains few cells, but it is rich in collagen fibers; vasodilatation and edema were also present. Multiple areas of lysis of the intercellular junctions were also observed at the intermediary level of the gum peri-implant epithelium (the epithelial cells undergo a process of involution at the intermediary level of the epithelium). Important changes can be seen both at the level of intercellular junction systems and at the junction between the basal extremity of the epithelial cells and the basal membrane.

[Cephalometric changes in acromegaly]. / Modificari cefalometrice în acromegalie.

Acromegaly represents the endocrine disease which includes the somatic and metabolic disorders secondly resulting to the augmentation of the Growth Hormone secretion after the growth cartilages closing (in adult). In this case we can find very important troubles which characterize all the specific elements of the stomatognathic system. The cranio-facial skeleton has a specific configuration, the mandible is developed in excess and the relationships between the maxilla, the mandible and the skull are strongly modified. These and the structural bony troubles, the bony asymmetries involve periodontal, muscular and articular disturbances. In this study we want to describe the craniofacial cephalometric qualitative and quantitative disorders and to emphasize their implications in the onset and the evolution of the stomatognathic system dysfunctional syndrome.

[Failure in implantology]. / Esecul în implantologie.

Establishing of success-failure criteria, implies assessment of benefits brought by these implants, and the time-span one can enjoy these benefits. Bone quality represents a crucial factor for success, irrespective of age.

[The stomatognathic electromyographic aspects in spasmophilia]. / Aspecte electromiografice stomatognatice în spasmofilie.

The study intends to statuate the theoretical foundations concerning the etiopathogenesis (of endocrinological origin--tetany) of the myofacial pain dysfunction (MPD). We want to demonstrate this affirmation knowing that there is a very important correlation between the endocrine glands and the muscular stomatognathic activity. The EMG exam in tetany for the masticatory muscles proves that there is a repetitive asymmetric bioelectric activity even for the rest positions.

[Occlusal rehabilitation under conditions of the simulation of averages]. / Reabilitarea ocluzala în conditiile simularii medii.

The Fag articulator is an anatomical and semi-adaptable one, light and with a supple, stable and rigid mechanism of manipulation and an easy access to the models. These characteristics make it more sensitive in all situations of occlusal rehabilitation. The articular system permits the exactness mechanical reproduction of the fundamental movements of the mandible, with the possibility to reproduce the characteristics of the lateral movements (angle Benett adjustable), protrusion and variable inclinations of the condylar slope. The employment of this articulator in the dentistry practice allowed us to obtain a functional occlusal rehabilitation in all types of edentulous and we avoided the premature occlusal contacts.

[The frontal bonding of a microprosthesis with respect to arch physiognomy]. / Agregarea frontala prin microproteze ce respecta fizionomia arcadei.

A series of 4124 patients who presented at the Gnathoprosthetic Clinic of Iasi with dental coronary lesions were investigated. The dental lesions situated at the level of frontal arches, the possibilities of aggregating the microprostheses at this level and the clinical-technical procedure of realizing them were studied. By the joint efforts of the entire dental team, artificial substitutes completing the lack of dental substance were obtained and the physiognomic function, cosmetic harmony and facial esthetics were fully restored.