Acute portal vein thrombosis in mild cholecystitis. A consequence of coronavirus disease 2019 infection?

La infección por el virus SARS-CoV-2 provoca, además de cuadros respiratorios graves, episodios trombóticos en múltiples localizaciones debido a una mala regulación de la respuesta inmune. Presentamos el caso de un paciente con colecistitis incipiente que desarrolló trombosis portal aguda sin ningún otro antecedente salvo haber pasado de forma asintomática una infección por COVID-19. Dado que esta complicación es extremadamente infrecuente en pacientes sin factores predisponentes ni infecciones graves, consideramos que la infección por COVID-19 pudo ser un factor desencadenante de la trombosis portal y debemos de tenerlo en cuenta de cara al manejo y tratamiento de futuros casos similares.Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2019 infection causes, in addition to severe respiratory symptoms, thrombotic episodes in multiple locations due to dysregulation of the immune response. We present the case of a patient with incipient cholecystitis who developed acute portal thrombosis with no other antecedents except having passed an asymptomatic coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection. Since this complication is extremely rare in patients without predisposing factors or serious infections, we consider that COVID-19 infection could be a triggering factor for portal thrombosis and we must take it into account in the management and treatment of future similar cases.

Atraumatic splenic rupture secondary to appendicular perforation by cecal volvulus.

Atraumatic splenic rupture, an infrequent surgical emergency, constitutes a life-threatening situation. The lack of a traumatic background makes it difficult to suspect. We present a case of a 45-year-old woman, with history of bariatric surgery, referred to our emergency due to 3 weeks long abdominal and lumbar pain, in shock. Imaging diagnosis of splenic rupture, emergent surgery was performed with atypical findings and good evolution. The bibliographic review, background and surgical findings allowed to postulate causality in this unusual presentation. Despite its low frequency, this pathology involves significant mortality and must be present in the patient in shock in the emergency room.

La rotura esplénica atraumática, una emergencia quirúrgica infrecuente, constituye una situación de riesgo vital. La falta de antecedente traumático dificulta su sospecha. Presentamos el caso de una mujer de 45 años, con antecedente de cirugía bariátrica, remitida a nuestro servicio de urgencias por dolor abdominal y lumbar de 3 semanas, en shock. Con el diagnóstico imagenológico de rotura esplénica, se realizó cirugía emergente, con hallazgos atípicos, y la paciente tuvo una buena evolución. La revisión bibliográfica, los antecedentes y los hallazgos quirúrgicos permitieron postular la causalidad en esta inusual presentación. Pese a su poca frecuencia, esta patología comporta una mortalidad importante y debe tenerse presente ante un paciente en shock en la sala de urgencias.

[Crossed renal ectopia in a patient with a complicated sigma neoplasia]. / Ectopia renal cruzada en un paciente con neoplasia de sigma complicada.

BACKGROUND: Crossed renal ectopia is a rare pathology that is often asymptomatic. Intraoperative detection with a sigma complicated neoplasia is more infrequent and requires correct management to avoid a renal ureteral injury. AIM: To present a case report of a patient with a sigma complicated neoplasia and a crossed renal ectopia detected incidentally. CASE REPORT: We present the case of a 62-year-old man that was submitted for emergency surgery for a sigma perforated neoplasm, and who presented with a previously undiagnosed left-side CRE. During surgery there was a need to insert 2-double-J stents as a guide to both ureters and to avoid any injury to them. DISCUSSION: Crossed renal ectopia is a rare, often asymptomatic entity, the diagnosis of which is usually incidental. In our case, the detection of a concomitant complicated neoplasm, required identification of both ureters due the anatomic doubt of its localization and to avoid them being injured. In conclusion, upon finding a casual crossed renal ectopia during an emergency surgery of sigma, we recommend the identification of the ureters to facilitate its location and to avoid any injury to the ureters.

Hernia diafragmática intrapericárdica postraumática de diagnóstico tardío / Delayed diagnosis of a traumatic intrapericardial diaphragmatic hernia

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Linfoma no Hodgkin suprarrenal primario / Primary Non Hodgkin´s Lymphoma of the Adrenal Gland

El linfoma no Hodgkin primario de la glándula suprarrenal es una patología muy poco común. Su diagnóstico inicial es difícil siendo este histológico. El linfoma B difuso de células grandes es el tipo histológico más frecuente. Se presenta el caso mujer de 62 años a la que se le realiza tomografía axial computarizada abdominal que muestra una masa de 18 cms dependiente de la glándula suprarrenal y con características de carcinoma. Se realiza exéresis de la tumoración, siendo la anatomía patológica linfoma difuso de célula grande B. Este tipo de linfoma tiene mal pronóstico describiéndose supervivencias medias en torno a los 13 meses. No existe un régimen terapéutico bien definido; aunque el tratamiento más aceptado es el esquema R-CHOP. El papel de la radioterapia y de la exéresis tumoral no está claramente establecido. El linfoma suprarrenal primario debe tenerse en cuenta en el diagnóstico diferencial de pacientes que presentan una masa suprarrenal. Ante la sospecha de esta patología es preferible realizar una biopsia con aguja guiada por prueba de imagen para evitar una intervención quirúrgica innecesaria(AU)

Primary non- Hodgkin`s lymphoma of the adrenal gland is very rare. Its initial diagnosis is difficult and needs to be histological. Diffuse large B- cell lymphoma is the most common histological type. This is the report of a 62 years old woman, who was performed abdominal tomography to disclose a 18 cm tumor in the adrenal gland with carcinoma characteristics. The tumor was removed and the final pathologic diagnosis was diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. This type of lymphoma has poor prognosis since the average survival rates are roughly 13 months. There is no well-defined therapeutic regimen, although the most widely accepted treatment is R-CHOP scheme. The roles of radiotherapy and tumor resection are not clearly established. Primary adrenal lymphoma should be considered in the differential diagnosis of patients presenting with an adrenal mass. When this condition is suspected, then it is advisable to perform a imaging-guided needle biopsy to avoid unnecessary surgery(AU)

Localización infrecuente del quiste hidatídico suprarrenal primario / Uncommon location of the primary adrenal hydatid cyst

El quiste hidatídico suprarrenal primario es una patología muy infrecuente por su localización y se encuentra en este órgano en menos del 0,5 por ciento de los casos, incluso en países con presencia endémica del Echinococcus. La mayoría de los quistes hidatídicos suprarrenales son asintomáticos, siendo el diagnóstico un hallazgo incidental. Las pruebas serológicas para el diagnóstico pueden ser negativas en muchos casos y el tratamiento es en su mayoría quirúrgico, con múltiples vías de abordaje. Es una patología poco común; el diagnóstico, manejo, tratamiento y vías de abordaje no se encuentran aún muy establecidos. Con este artículo tratamos de realizar un acercamiento más certero en cuanto a estos aspectos(AU)

The primary adrenal hydatid cyst is a very rare disease for its location and it is found in less than 0.5 percent of the cases, even in countries with endemic presence of Echinococcus. Most adrenal hydatid cysts are asymptomatic, and the diagnosis is an incidental finding, the serological tests for the diagnosis are negative in many cases and the treatment is mostly surgical, with multiple surgical approaches. It is a rare pathology whose diagnosis, management, treatment and surgical approaches are not yet well established. This article was intended to address these aspects in a more accurate way(AU)