["I'll tell you if you ask me"; screening young people for substance use]. / "J'te dis si tu m'demandes" Repérage de la consommation de substances auprès d'adolescents et jeunes adultes.

Substance use among young people is an important issue for educational, social and medical providers. More than 75% young people have had a medical visit in the last 12 months, making primary care settings ideal for screening and early intervention programs. The prevalence of substance misuse was assessed with the DEP-ADO screen test among young patients attending the primary care consultation of Geneva University Hospitals. The screen was well accepted by both patients and providers and only took about 10 minutes to complete. One in five screened positive for problematic substance use, supporting the current guidelines recommending annual screening for substance misuse in adolescent primary care outpatients.

[Effect of antiretroviral treatment on early electroencephalographic and otoneurologic manifestations in HIV infection and prognostic importance of verified perturbations]. / Effet du traitement antirétroviral sur les manifestations électroencéphalographiques et otoneurologiques précoces de l'infection à VIH et signification pronostique des perturbations constatées.

Electrophysiologic tests may be abnormal in asymptomatic HIV-1-infected individuals. Our study was aimed at determining whether these findings have a prognostic value and could be corrected by antiviral treatment. In 18 patients, followed for 34 or 43 months, these findings were not progressive. Only one patient developed Aids dementia complex (ADC). Three have died (one with normal, two with abnormal tests at baseline). To study the effect of antiviral treatment, another group of seven asymptomatic patients was included into a cross-over double-blind study with either eight weeks zidovudine or eight weeks placebo, separated by eight more weeks without treatment. Electrophysiological evaluation was also performed in a group of 15 patients before antiviral therapy with zidovudine or didanosine was started and again after a mean of three and 13 months treatment. Results did not suggest that treatment reverses early electroencephalographic and otoneurological changes seen in HIV-1 infection.