Assuntos
Aberrações Cromossômicas , Moscas Tsé-Tsé/genética , Animais , Feminino , Estações do Ano , ZâmbiaAssuntos
Filariose/prevenção & controle , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Animais , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Clorpirifos , Culicidae/parasitologia , Dietilcarbamazina/uso terapêutico , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Controle de Mosquitos/métodos , Tanzânia , Temefós , Banheiros , Poluição da Água , Wuchereria bancroftiAssuntos
Filariose/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Animais , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Culicidae/parasitologia , Culicidae/fisiologia , Comportamento Alimentar , Feminino , Filariose/complicações , Filariose/transmissão , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Tanzânia , Hidrocele Testicular/etiologia , Wuchereria bancroftiRESUMO
The main vectors of bancroftian filariasis in Kwale, Tanzania, were Anopheles gambiae complex and Culex p. quinquefasciatus. After vector control by the insecticides Dursban (chlorpyrifos) or Abate (temephos), the number of all man-biting mosquitoes was reduced by 94.8%, and that of house-resting mosquitoes by 95.3%. Anopheles gambiae complex were highly exophilic, possibly due to a high proportion of Anopheles merus in this village. The infection rate of A. gambiae complex rose significantly in the post-control samples (P less than 0.05), but nevertheless the overall reduction in filariasis transmission was 87.2%. The infection rate of A. gambiae complex caught off human bait was significantly higher than that of the spray-caught sample (P less than 0.05). It was suggested that the former sample contained a higher proportion of A. merus. This species may be a better vector of filariasis than freshwater forms.
Assuntos
Filariose/transmissão , Controle de Mosquitos/métodos , Animais , Clorpirifos , Culicidae/parasitologia , Feminino , Humanos , Microfilárias/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Especificidade da Espécie , Tanzânia , Wuchereria bancrofti/crescimento & desenvolvimentoRESUMO
The serotype distributions of Escherichia coli isolated from animal faeces, human faeces and from meat have been compared. There were marked differences in serotype distribution in strains from man and animals. The meat strains generally resembled animal strains. The results suggest either that animal strains of E. coli are not reaching the general human population outside hospital to any great extent, or, if they do so, are failing to implant in the bowel.
Assuntos
Escherichia coli/classificação , Sorotipagem , Animais , Bovinos , Galinhas , Escherichia coli/isolamento & purificação , Fezes/microbiologia , Microbiologia de Alimentos , Humanos , Carne , SuínosRESUMO
The distribution and serotype of strains of Escherichia coli from a poultry packing station and an abattoir are described. The results indicated that animal faecal strains contaminated the environment and the animal carcasses.Using 150 O antisera, a high proportion of the E. coli strains were non-typable. This suggests that the serotype distribution of E. coli in animals is different from that in man.Strains with single antigenic differences were isolated, and the possibility of genetic transfer of these antigenic structures is suggested.
