RESUMO
Psoas abscess is an uncommon presentation on the acute medical take. However recognition and appropriate treatment is essential. This review is designed to highlight the clinical features, microbiology, diagnostic tests and treatment for this condition. In order to illustrate some of the pitfalls and complexities in the management of psoas abscess we have included a case history of a patient who was recently treated in our department.
RESUMO
The regulation of the expression of the interleukin-8 (IL-8) gene in human monocytic cell lines has been investigated. Agents such as interleukin-1 (IL-1) or interferon-gamma (IFN gamma) did not induce increased IL-8 expression in THP-1 or U937 cells. Bacterial lipopolysaccharide endotoxin (LPS) or phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) alone induced suboptimal expression as assessed by Northern blotting; however, preincubation of cells with PMA followed by endotoxin induced much higher levels of IL-8 mRNA. Incubation of the cells with the calcium ionophore A23187 resulted in consistent increased IL-8 gene expression comparable to that of cells treated with endotoxin alone. In addition to inducing IL-8 mRNA this calcium ionophore also induced IL-8 protein synthesis as assessed by immunofluorescence and secretion as detected by ELISA. These results indicate that increases in intracellular calcium result in IL-8 gene expression and protein secretion.
Assuntos
Calcimicina/farmacologia , Regulação da Expressão Gênica , Interleucina-8/genética , Monócitos/efeitos dos fármacos , Northern Blotting , Linhagem Celular , Imunofluorescência , Regulação da Expressão Gênica/efeitos dos fármacos , Humanos , Interleucina-8/metabolismo , Monócitos/metabolismoRESUMO
A number of design modifications have been made to an extraction system for use with inhalation anaesthesia techniques in rats and other small laboratory animals. These changes necessitated a re-evaluation of the effectiveness of this equipment in limiting the operator's exposure to the anaesthetic vapours used. With a given fresh gas flow, the halothane vapour concentration in the operator's breathing zone was dependent on the design of the oronasal mask. With the optimum configuration the atmospheric concentration of halothane was less than 1 ppm.
