In situ calibration of rotating sensor coils for magnet testing.

An in situ procedure for calibrating equivalent magnetic area and rotation radius of rotating coils is proposed for testing accelerator magnets shorter than the measuring coil. The procedure exploits measurements of magnetic field and mechanical displacement inside a reference quadrupole magnet. In a quadrupole field, an offset between the magnet and coil rotation axes gives rise to a dipole component in the field series expansion. The measurements of the focusing strength, the displacement, and the resulting dipole term allow the equivalent area and radius of the coil to be determined analytically. The procedure improves the accuracy of coils with large geometrical irregularities in the winding. This is essential for short magnets where the coil dimensions constrain the measurement accuracy. Experimental results on different coils measuring small-aperture permanent magnets are shown.

[Ultrasound in trauma (FAST)]. / Ecotomografia nel trauma (FAST).

During last 20 years ultrasonography has been widely used in Europe to investigate abdominal trauma. In United States it has not been considered a reliable test especially because of its lack of sensitivity in diagnosing parenchymal injuries. Recently American surgeons reconsidered ultrasonography in trauma and codified its use into FAST (Focused Assessment for the Sonographic examination of the Trauma patients). The goal is to detect hemoperitoneum and pericardial effusion. Advantages are remarkable: ultrasound is cost-effective, fast, non-invasive, can be performed by surgeons even on unstable patients. FAST is now included in ATLS framework for examination of thoraco-abdominal trauma.

[Perforation of the small intestine]. / Le perforazioni dell'intestino tenue.

BACKGROUND: Small bowel perforation is a major problem in abdominal typhi disease, but is seldom observed in Italy, as Salmonella typhi infections are rare in this Nation. The cause of perforation varies greatly. The reported mortality is high and varies from 23 up to 42%. A retrospective study has been performed in order to find how to improve the outcome. METHODS: A series spanning 10 years is reviewed, from January 1, 1987 to December 31, 1997, comprising 60 patients with small bowel perforation, operated in a urgency setting in the Operating Room of the Emergency Department of the Molinette Hospital in Torino. Resection and primary anastomosis were utilized in 33 patients, 27 underwent oversewing. In 3 patients a colostomy was felt necessary because of a concomitant damage of the colon. RESULTS: No leakages occurred. Hospital stay varies from 1 day to 76 days (24 days mean). Mortality is consistent with literature: 20 patients (33%) but the cause is related to the primary diseases of the patients. Delay in diagnosis did not affect the patient's outcome. CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, it is confirmed the one-time surgery as the choice treatment in small bowel perforations from causes other then S. typhi infection. Mortality is not directly related to the consequences of surgical repair.

[Hemolysis and multiple trauma. A clinical case report]. / Emolisi e politrauma. Descrizione di un caso clinico.

A patient is described who presented hemolysis after a chest and head trauma. We checked out every possible cause of anemia and our conclusion is that trauma itself was the cause of hemolysis. As an explanation, we suggest that red blood cells were broken in lung capillaries because of endothelial damage due to pulmonary injury.

[A case of ureteral stenosis and ureterorectal fistula secondary to sigmoid diverticulitis]. / Su di un caso di stenosi ureterale e fistola uretero-rettale secondarie a diverticolite del sigma.

The paper reports a case of ureteral [correction of urethral] stenosis with ureterorectal [correction of urethro-rectal] fistula due to diverticulitis of the sigmoid [correction of sigma] which resolved following reconstruction of the urinary tract by ureterocystostomy [correction of urethrocystotomy] using a modified version of Boari's technique, with satisfactory renal functional recovery. On the basis of an analysis of the literature, the authors comment on ureteral [correction of urethral] stenosis and its etiological diagnosis.

[Pseudocyst of the adrenal gland: diagnosis and treatment. Description of a clinical case]. / Pseudocisti del surrene: diagnosi e trattamento. Descrizione di un caso clinico.

A case of pseudocyst of the suprarenal gland in a 32-years-old woman is reported. Stress is laid on the description of the clinical case and the diagnostic and therapeutic problems involved are reviewed.

[A case report of Castleman's disease in a patient with endometrioid adenocarcinoma of the ovary]. / Su un caso di malattia di Castleman in paziente portatrice di adenocarcinoma endometrioide dell'ovaio.

The Authors report a case of Castleman's disease in a 45-year-old woman. She was admitted to hospital because of a thrombophlebitis of the left lower limb. An abdominal echotomography showed evidence of a mass with a diameter of about 6 cm at the pancreatic isthmus, and a cyst (diameter 25 mm) in the right ovary. An explorative laparotomy was performed and the masses were removed. Histological examination identified them respectively as a Castleman's disease of hyaline-vascular type and an endometrioid carcinoma of the ovary.

[Biliary cystadenoma. Discussion of a clinical case]. / Il cistoadenoma biliare. Discussione su un caso clinico.

A case of biliary cystadenoma is reported. The neoplasm was located at the left lobe of the liver and its diameter was 18 cm. It presented with abdominal swelling and palpable mass in epigastric region. A left hepatectomy was performed, to achieve a complete resection of the tumor.

[Endogastric migration of an Angelchik prosthesis. A case report and review of the literature]. / Migrazione endogastrica di una protesi di Angelchik. Descrizione di un caso clinico e revisione della letteratura.

At first, the authors mention indications and way of placement of the Angelchik prosthesis. Then after a wide review of the literature, they describe the complications and results. Finally a case of penetration into the stomach of an Angelchik prosthesis is reported. It was favourably resolved by an operation.