[Aerobic and anaerobic microflora in experimental drug-induced enterocolitis]. / Aérobnaia i anaérobnaia mikroflora pri éksperimental'nom lekarstvennom énterokolite.

The results of studying aerobic and anaerobic intestinal microflora of rabbits with experimental enterocolitis caused by administration of 7-chlor-7-desoxylincomycin are presented. An increased number of E. coli and some other gram-negative bacteria was noted. It was shown that the quantitative and qualitative composition of the obligate anaerobic microflora was changed: the number of cells of the bacteroids, bifidobacteria, peptococci and peptostreptococci resistant to the antibiotic was low, but the number of clostridia cells resistant to the antibiotic was high. On the basis of a thorough investigation the latter cultures were classified as belonging to Cl. butyricum.

Physiological and biochemical properties and morphology of Saccharomyces cerevisiae VKMu-488 cells incorporated into polyacrylamide gel.

The enzymatic activity, viability, respiratory activity, and ultrastructural changes in saccharomyces cerevisiae VKMu-488 cells, which carry out the stereospecific 17 beta-reduction of methyl esters, was studied. The 17 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity of yeasts in gel is four times lower than that of free cells and is unstable. The decrease in the viability and respiratory activity immediately after immobilization, the disturbance in the ultrastructure of the cells in gel along with the progressive lysis of the cells in the course of the transformation indicate that polymerization has a stressful effect on this culture. It was found that the immobilized yeasts can grow on the surface of the gel in the presence and absence of nutrient medium. A single incubation of granules containing cells in nutrient medium greatly stabilizes the original activity of the immobilized cells. The activation and stabilization of the activity are probably due to the participation of a heterogeneous population in the transformation: the original population incorporated into the gel and the new population which grows in the gel after immobilization as well as to the stability of the ultrastructural organization of this mixed population in the course of repeated transformations of secoketone.

[Microbiologic transformation of microcrystalline cortisone acetate into prednisone]. / Mikrobiologicheskaia transformasiia mikrokristallicheskogo atsetata kortizona v prednizon

The process of transformation of microcystalline acetate cortisone by two mycobacteria (Mycobacterium album and Mycobacterium globiforme) has been studied. Optimal conditions for the process have been established: amount of biomass of both cultures, concentration of the initial substrate and required concentration of the surfactant--antifoamsilane. The anzymic activity of the cultures reaches maximum if the following three requirements are met: utilization of cells separated from the medium, substrate in the microcrystalline state and surfactant of the antifoamsilane type.