RESUMO
Himantariella scutellaris Brolemann, 1926 has previously been considered a French endemic species from the eastern Pyrenees. New collecting data from the Spanish Pre-Pyrenees, the Prelitoral Mountain Range and the Cantabric Region, make it possible to expand its known distribution to the northern Iberian Peninsula. Intraspecific variability, habitat preferences and ethology are assessed for the first time. New figures on the morphology of H. scutellaris and identification keys for the European Himantariidae with terminal pore-fields are provided. Results showed a wider range of morphological variability than previously reported and allowed to update the diagnostic characters needed for identification. Additionally, results showed monticolous, synanthropic and nocturnal habits for the Iberian populations and suggest that H. scutellaris is a common species at a local scale. Finally, morphology and ecology of H. scutellaris from the Iberian Peninsula and the Pyrenees are discussed in depth.
RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: This study sought to evaluate the association between discrimination and having mental health problems in the past 12 months in the sexual minority population in Peru. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of a secondary database corresponding to the first LGBTI survey in Peru in 2017. We included adults who self-identified their sexual orientation as gay, lesbian, bisexual, pansexual, or asexual/others. Both the exposure and dependent variables were self-reported by the participants. Multivariable Poisson regression was used to determine the association by calculating adjusted prevalence ratios (APR) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). RESULTS: Out of 9760 respondents, more than two-thirds of the participants reported having been discriminated against or having experienced violence at some time in their lives (70.3%) and one-fourth reported having mental health problems (23.8%). In the multivariable regression model, the prevalence of mental health problems in the last 12 months was 72% higher for the group of individuals who experienced discrimination when compared with the group that did not experience discrimination (APR = 1.72, 95% CI 1.57-1.88). The association was stronger among who self-identified lesbians (APR = 2.08, 95% CI 1.65-2.64). CONCLUSION: The prevalence of mental health problems and discrimination was high in this population. In addition, we found a statistically significant association between discrimination and the occurrence of mental health problems in the last 12 months.
Assuntos
Saúde Mental , Minorias Sexuais e de Gênero , Adulto , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Peru/epidemiologia , Comportamento Sexual , Inquéritos e QuestionáriosRESUMO
Objetivos: Determinar la asociación entre la presencia de trastorno depresivo y trastornos neurocognitivos en adultos mayores de tres ciudades del Perú. Materiales y métodos: Estudio transversal analítico, se realizó un muestreo no aleatorizado. Se consideró a aquellos adultos mayores de 60 años, provenientes de las ciudades de Ucayali, Ica y Lima. Durante los meses de marzo a mayo del 2016 se evaluó la presencia de trastorno depresivo y deterioro cognitivo mediante el uso de las escalas de Yesevage (GDS) y de Pfeiffer, respectivamente. Resultados: Se encuestaron a 267 adultos mayores, el 58,4% fueron varones; la edad media fue de 75,4 ± 7,6 años. El 36,3% presentó deterioro cognitivo y el 64% tenía depresión moderada o severa. Además, se encontró una relación entre la edad y depresión (p<0,05), y una asociación entre el deterioro cognitivo y tener depresión severa (RP (razón de prevalencias): 2,1; intervalo de confianza al 95% (IC95%): 1,4-3,2), tener entre 80 a 89 años (RP: 1,9; IC95%: 1,2-3,1) y proceder de Ucayali (RP=1,67; IC=1,21-2,31). Conclusión: En los pacientes evaluados, los índices de depresión aumentaron conforme aumentaba la edad y hubo una mayor probabilidad de tener trastorno neurocognitivo en aquellos con depresión severa
Objectives: To determine if there is an association between the occurrence of the depressive disorder and neurocognitive disorders in elderly subjects from three Peruvian cities. Materials and methods: This is an analytical cross-sectional study, and a non-randomized sample was taken. Elderly subjects more than 60 years of age from Ucayali, Ica, and Lima were included. Between March and May 2016 the presence of a depressive disorder and cognitive deterioration was assessed using the Yesevage (GDS) and the Pfeiffer scales, respectively. Results: Two hundred and sixty seven elderly subjects were interviewed; 58.4% were male; and the mean age of the whole group was 75 ± 7.6 years old. Approximately one third (36.3%) of all subjects had cognitive deterioration, and 64% had moderate or severe depression. Also, a relationship was found between age and depression (p<0.05), and there was an association between cognitive deterioration and severe depression (prevalence ratio (PR): 2.1; 95% confidence interval: 1.4-3.2); having between 80 to 89 years of age (PR: 1.9; 95% CI: 1.2-3.1), and coming from Ucayali (PR: 1.67; 95% CI: 1.21-2.31). Conclusion: In the assessed patients, depression scores increased with age, and there was a greater likelihood for developing a neurocognitive disorder in those who had severe depression
