First pregnancy and live birth from ex vivo-retrieved metaphase II oocytes from a woman with bilateral ovarian carcinoma: a case report.

OBJECTIVE: To report pregnancy and live birth resulting from intracytoplasmic sperm injection of ex vivo-retrieved mature oocytes from a woman with bilateral ovarian carcinoma. DESIGN: Case report. SETTING: Fertility clinic. PATIENT: A 34-year-old nulliparous woman with bilateral ovarian tumor, with a risk of malignancy of 96.1% according to International Ovarian Tumor Analysis Group recommendations for adnexal tumors, who desired fertility preservation before definitive surgical treatment. INTERVENTION(S): Cryopreservation of ex vivo-retrieved mature metaphase II oocytes is followed by fertilization with donor sperm and embryo transfer to a gestational carrier. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Fertility preservation. RESULTS: After controlled ovarian stimulation, 12 metaphase II oocytes were retrieved from oophorectomized specimens and vitrified. Intracytoplasmic sperm injection with donor sperm was performed in remission, resulting in 9 cleavage-stage embryos, 2 of which were transferred to a gestational carrier, resulting in a normal, healthy singleton pregnancy, and the live birth of a healthy infant. CONCLUSION(S): Ex vivo oocyte retrieval after oophorectomy may be a safe alternative to standard oocyte retrieval for fertility preservation in women with ovarian malignancies.

Oocyte Morphology and Reproductive Outcomes - Case Report and Literature Review.

Oocyte quality could be negatively affected by many factors including smoking, alcohol consumption, obesity, woman's age, endometriosis and controlled ovarian stimulation (COS), during assisted reproductive technology (ART), in addition to genetic factors, such as hormone receptor polymorphisms, for example. We know that the increase in the reactive oxygen species (ROS) due to systemic disorders causes biochemical and morphological changes to the oocytes, interfering with their quality. The oocyte dysmorphism can be expressed through intra and/or extra cytoplasmic changes. In general, the size and number of oocytes' morphological abnormalities are directly related to preimplantation development failure. This case report is based on four in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycles performed by a patient with oocyte dysmorphism in all oocytes captured. The literature review on this topic aims to relate the characteristics of the oocytes, presented in the case report, with research results about the quality and morphology of the oocytes.

Ex vivo retrieval of mature oocytes for fertility preservation in a patient with bilateral borderline ovarian tumor / Recuperação ex vivo de oócitos maduros para preservação da fertilidade em paciente com tumor ovariano borderline bilateral

Abstract We report a case of ultrasound-guided ex vivo oocyte retrieval for fertility preservation in a woman with bilateral borderline ovarian tumor, for whom conventional transvaginal oocyte retrieval was deemed unsafe because of the increased risk of malignant cell spillage. Ovarian stimulation with gonadotropins was performed. Surgery was scheduled according to the ovarian response to exogenous gonadotropic stimulation; oophorectomized specimens were obtained by laparoscopy, and oocyte retrieval was performed ~ 37 hours after the ovulatory trigger. The sum of 20 ovarian follicles were aspirated, and 16 oocytes were obtained.We performed vitrification of 12 metaphase II oocytes and 3 oocytes matured in vitro. Our result emphasizes the viability of ex vivo mature oocyte retrieval after controlled ovarian stimulation for those with high risk of malignant dissemination by conventional approach.

Resumo Relatamos um caso de obtenção ex vivo de óvulos, guiada por ultrassonografia, para preservação da fertilidade em uma mulher com tumor ovariano borderline bilateral, para quem a recuperação transvaginal convencional foi considerada insegura, devido ao aumento do risco de disseminação de célulasmalignas. Foi realizada estimulação ovariana com gonadotrofinas. A cirurgia foi agendada de acordo com a resposta ovariana à estimulação gonadotrófica exógena; após ooforectomia por laparoscopia, ~ 37 horas após a maturação folicular, procedeu-se à recuperação extracorpórea de oócitos. Umtotal de 20 folículos ovarianos foi aspirado e 16 complexos cumulus foramobtidos, resultando na vitrificação de 12 oócitos maduros e de 3 oócitos imaturos amadurecidos in vitro. Nosso resultado enfatiza a viabilidade da recuperação ex vivo de oócitos maduros após estimulação ovariana controlada para mulheres com alto risco de disseminação maligna pela captação oocitária realizada convencionalmente pela via transvaginal.

Ex vivo Retrieval of Mature Oocytes for Fertility Preservation in a Patient with Bilateral Borderline Ovarian Tumor.

We report a case of ultrasound-guided ex vivo oocyte retrieval for fertility preservation in a woman with bilateral borderline ovarian tumor, for whom conventional transvaginal oocyte retrieval was deemed unsafe because of the increased risk of malignant cell spillage. Ovarian stimulation with gonadotropins was performed. Surgery was scheduled according to the ovarian response to exogenous gonadotropic stimulation; oophorectomized specimens were obtained by laparoscopy, and oocyte retrieval was performed ∼ 37 hours after the ovulatory trigger. The sum of 20 ovarian follicles were aspirated, and 16 oocytes were obtained. We performed vitrification of 12 metaphase II oocytes and 3 oocytes matured in vitro. Our result emphasizes the viability of ex vivo mature oocyte retrieval after controlled ovarian stimulation for those with high risk of malignant dissemination by conventional approach.

Relatamos um caso de obtenção ex vivo de óvulos, guiada por ultrassonografia, para preservação da fertilidade em uma mulher com tumor ovariano borderline bilateral, para quem a recuperação transvaginal convencional foi considerada insegura, devido ao aumento do risco de disseminação de células malignas. Foi realizada estimulação ovariana com gonadotrofinas. A cirurgia foi agendada de acordo com a resposta ovariana à estimulação gonadotrófica exógena; após ooforectomia por laparoscopia, ∼ 37 horas após a maturação folicular, procedeu-se à recuperação extracorpórea de oócitos. Um total de 20 folículos ovarianos foi aspirado e 16 complexos cumulus foram obtidos, resultando na vitrificação de 12 oócitos maduros e de 3 oócitos imaturos amadurecidos in vitro. Nosso resultado enfatiza a viabilidade da recuperação ex vivo de oócitos maduros após estimulação ovariana controlada para mulheres com alto risco de disseminação maligna pela captação oocitária realizada convencionalmente pela via transvaginal.

Embryo placement in IVF and reproductive outcomes: a cohort analysis and review.

OBJECTIVE: The objective of the present study was to determine the influence of the embryo placement depth on the endometrial cavity in relation to the reproductive outcomes, after frozen-thawed embryo transfer performed under transabdominal ultrasound guidance. METHODS: Retrospective cohort study that evaluated the influence of the embryo placement depth in the endometrial cavity in relation to the reproductive outcomes of patients submitted to cryotransfer cycles at a private assisted reproduction clinic, from 2012 to 2017. The patients were classified according to three variables: <10mm, 10 to 15mm and >15mm. The primary outcome was clinical pregnancy, and the secondary outcomes were miscarriage, ongoing pregnancy and live birth. The data was summarized as relative risk, with a 95%CI. RESULTS: Clinical and ongoing pregnancy rates were higher in the 10-15mm and >15mm Groups, when compared to the <10mm Group; there was no statistical difference between the groups in terms of miscarriage and live birth rates. We performed a subsequent analysis, using the same sample of patients, comparing only the <10mm and ≥10mm variables. The ≥10mm Group had better reproductive outcomes, with higher clinical and ongoing pregnancy rates. CONCLUSION: Pregnancy rates are influenced by embryo transfer site, and better results can be achieved when the tip of the catheter is placed in the central area of the endometrial cavity, especially when the distance from the endometrial fundus is >10mm.

Embryo stage of development is not decisive for reproductive outcomes in frozen-thawed embryo transfer cycles.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate if the outcomes of IVF/ICSI in frozen-thawed embryo transfer and fresh embryo transfer cycles differ in relation to cleavage and blastocyst stages. METHODS: Retrospective cohort study to compare IVF/ICSI outcomes between fresh embryo transfer and frozen-thawed embryo transfer cycles, according to the stage of embryo development. Analysis was carried out on 443 consecutive embryo transfer cycles performed between January 1st and December 31st, 2014. Women aged up to 38 and submitted to embryo transfer cycles with fresh (n = 309) or frozen-thawed (n = 134) embryos at a private center for assistance in human reproduction were considered for analysis. Results in each group were stratified according to the stage of embryo development: cleavage stage and blastocyst stage. Main outcome measures were implantation rate, clinical pregnancy rate, ongoing pregnancy rate and live birth rate per cycle. RESULTS: In the fresh embryo transfer group, for cleavage stage versus blastocyst stage, respectively, implantation rates were 22% and 47% (p = 0.0005); clinical pregnancy rates were 34% and 64% (p = 0.0057); the ongoing pregnancy rates were 30% and 61% (p = 0.0046) and live birth rates were 28% and 55% (p = 0.0148). There were no significant differences in the rates between cleavage and blastocyst stages in the frozen-thawed group, neither between fresh and frozen-thawed cleavage embryo transfers nor between fresh and frozen-thawed blastocyst transfers. CONCLUSION: Our results confirm that blastocyst transfer is better than cleavage stage in fresh embryo transfer cycles. In frozen-thawed cycles, cleavage or blastocyst stages seem to offer similar reproductive outcomes.

Resultados em ciclos de fertilização in vitro de acordo com a faixa etária feminina / Outcomes of in vitro fertilization cycles based on age groups

Como frutos da participação crescente da mulher como força de trabalho nas últimas décadas, o menor interesse pela maternidade1 e a tendência de postergá-la2 ocorrem apesar de haver diminuição progressiva do potencial reprodutivo feminino, mormente depois dos trinta anos de idade.3 Estimase que 75% das mulheres que iniciam tentativas deengravidar aos trinta anos etários darão à luz um nascido vivo dentro de doze meses, e apenas 44% o farão quando o início das tentativas ocorre aos quarenta anos de idade.4 Dados menos animadores registram declínio progressivo da fecundabilidade feminina com o avanço da idade, com taxas de gestação por ciclo fértil de 24%, 17%, 12% e 5% aos 25,30, 35 e 40 anos respectivamente.5Em estudo prévio, constatou-se interferência negativa significativa da idade da mulher sobre a resposta folicular ovariana e o número de oócitosmorfologicamente maduros obtidos em ciclos de fertilização in vitro com injeção intracitoplasmática de espermatozoides ou não,6 em concordância com outros estudos.2,3,7-10 Este estudo teve como objetivos comparar as taxas de gestação e a implantação em ciclos de fertilização in vitro com injeção intracitoplasmática de espermatozoide ou sem esta, de acordo com a classificação etária adotada pela Red Latinoamericana deReproducción Asistida,11 e aferir a capacidade da idade da mulher de predizer a ocorrência de gravidez clínica após ciclos terapêuticos.

Retrospective analysis of 216 in vitro fertilization cycles from January to December of 2010. Age groups were defined according to recommendations from the Red Latinoamericana de Reproducción Asistida: 34 years old or less, 35 to 39 years old and 40 years old or older. We evaluated the occurrence of clinical pregnancy (confirmed by transvaginal ultrasound in the fifth week after embryo transfer), embryo implantation and miscarriage rates. Areas below the curve (AUC-ROC) determined the ability of age to predict pregnancy after IVF/ICSI.