The use of 3D additive manufacturing technology in autogenous dental transplantation.

BACKGROUND: In medicine and dentistry, 3D technology allows the virtual planning and printing of surgical replicas of anatomical structures that can facilitate certain transplant procedures. In dentistry, 3D technology is useful in autogenous tooth transplantation. CASE PRESENTATION: We present a clinical case of an ectopic mandibular second premolar, describing the preoperative planning with dental replicas and the autotransplantation surgery. 3D prints of the surgical replica of the tooth to be transplanted was made using an Objet30 Prime® Printer, PolyJet. Clinical controls performed at 3, 6 and 12 months indicated the satisfactory evolution of the transplanted tooth. CONCLUSION: 3D additive manufacturing technology allows the preparation of a new recipient socket with the aid of a surgical replica of the tooth to be transplanted, thus minimizing handling and extraoral time.

Oral disorders in children with Prader-Willi syndrome: a case control study.

INTRODUCTION: Prader-Willi Syndrome (PWS) is a genetic disorder caused by the lack of expression of certain paternal genes located on chromosome 15q11-q13. This anomaly causes cognitive, neurological and endocrine abnormalities, among which one of the most important is hyperphagia. The aim of this study was to assess the oral health of children with PWA and to establish preventive criteria. RESULTS: Thirty patients with PWS (mean age 10.2 years) and 30 age- and gender-matched controls were included in the study. Twenty-six patients with PWS(86.6%) followed dietary treatment prescribed by their endocrinologist. Individuals with PWS had a mean caries index of 53.3% and Decayed Missing Filled teeth (DMFT) index 2.5, and 53.3% had gingivitis, in the control group the respective figures were 43.3%, 0.93, and 60%. Only the DMFT index (p 0.017) presented significant differences. Regarding stimulated salivary secretion, patients with PWS presented a mean of 0.475 ml/min with a pH of 6.15, while controls presented a mean of 0.848 ml/min with a pH of 7.53; the differences between the groups were statistically significant in both cases (p 0.032 and p 0.0001 respectively). The population with PWS presented a higher plaque index (> 2) than their healthy peers, but the differences were not significant. CONCLUSION: Pediatric patients with Prader-Willi syndrome have an increased risk of caries and gingivitis. The children with this syndrome have a decreased salivary flow and a more acidic salivary pH. In these patients, dental care is an essential part of their multidisciplinary medical treatment.

Oral health status in pediatric patients with cerebral palsy fed by oral versus enteral route.

AIMS: Cerebral palsy (CP) is a chronic, nonprogressive disorder affecting movement, posture, and tone, caused by injuries in the central nervous system during the early stages of life. Patients with CP have swallowing disorders, which make oral feeding difficult and necessitate the use of external feeding devices. The objective of this research was to study the oral health status of pediatric patients affected with CP fed by either oral or enteral route. METHODS: A cross-sectional observational clinical study of the oral health of two groups of patients with CP, fed either orally or enterally (via percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy, PEG). RESULTS: Patients fed by enteral route via PEG presented lower caries scores (DMFT: PEG: 1.09, non-PEG: 2.81) and higher percentages of supragingival dental calculus than the oral feeding group (PEG: 86%, non-PEG: 57.6%). CONCLUSION: Oral health status differed in pediatric patients with CP fed enterally via PEG and those fed orally. Specific preventive measures in both groups will be required to minimize the risk of complications.

¿Se pueden prevenir las caries en las visitas pediátricas de control? / Can dental caries be prevented during control visits?

A pesar de que la caries es una enfermedad infecciosa potencialmente prevenible, continúa siendo una enfermedad muy frecuente y con graves repercusiones para la salud general del niño. Como los pediatras y el equipo de enfermería tienen el mayor contacto con los niños y su familia durante las primeras etapas de desarrollo, es evidente que se convierten en los profesionales que mejor pueden aconsejar a los padres para prevenir las caries. Objetivo. Justificar la importancia de integrar las medidas y consejos de salud oral en las visitas de control y plasmar las pautas preventivas adecuadas por edades. Método. Amplia revisión bibliográfica de las pautas de salud oral por edades a integrar en las visitas de control. Conclusiones. Debido a que la mayoría de infantes están expuestos a visitas de control médicas pero no odontológicas, el pediatra y su equipo de enfermería juegan el papel más importante en la prevención de caries durante los primeros años de vida. Por ello es esencial ofrecer a los padres pautas de salud bucal sencillas y uniformes, con el fin de reducir la prevalencia de esta enfermedad prevenibleb (AU)

Dental caries is a potentially preventable infectious disease. However, it is still a common disease in children, with serious implications in a child’s general health. As pediatricians and nurses hace the closest contact with children and their families during the first stages of development, they are the professionals who can best advice parents to prevent dental caries. Aim of the study. To justify the importance of integrating oral health preventive measures into pediatric control visits. Moreover this revision aims to clarify preventive oral health recommendations by ages. Method. Thorough literature revision of oral health guidelines by ages, which can be integrated into pediatric control visits. Conclusions. As most babies are exposed to medical but not to dental care, pediatricians and their staff play the most important role in preventing dental decay during the first years of life. For this reason, it seems essential to offer simple and standardized advice on oral health in order to reduce the prevalence of this preventable disease (AU)

Prader Willi Syndrome: Saliva quantification and culture in 10 patients

Prader Willi Syndrome (PWS) is a relatively rare neurogenetic illness. It is of interest to dentists for its clinical characteristics.The aim of this study was to evaluate the amount of saliva and the presence of Streptococcus mutans (Smutans) in patients with this syndrome. We measured saliva stimulated by chewing paraffin tablets for 5 minutes, andcultured saliva samples in order to determine the colony-forming units (CFUs) of S mutans. The study was conductedin a group of 10 children with PWS at the Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona. Results showed that patients withPWS had lower saliva secretion than considered normal for a standard population and most cultures presented ahigh number of colony-forming units. We conclude that these patients are likely to present caries, and stress the needto place special emphasis on prevention (AU)

Dientes supernumerarios anteriores no erupcionados. Revisión de 125 casos / Unerupted supernumerary anterior teeth: a review of 125 cases

Introducción: Los dientes supernumerarios anteriores no erupcionados son causa frecuente de alteraciones de la erupción de dientes permanentes. Estas alteraciones pueden minimizarse tras la exéresis del supernumerario en el momento oportuno. Los objetivos fueron evaluar alteraciones en dientes permanentes y la influencia de la edad del paciente sobre la evolución. Material y método: Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo sobre 125 pacientes pediátricos con dientes supernumerarios anteriores no erupcionados en el periodo 1994 - 2000. Se evaluó la edad, características de los supernumerarios y alteraciones de la erupción de dientes permanentes y la evolución post quirúrgica. Resultados: La edad media fue de 9,9 años. El 77 por ciento de la muestra fueron varones. En el 69,6 por ciento de casos ocurrieron alteraciones eruptivas y en este grupo, tras la cirugía, se registró en el 41,4 por ciento erupción espontánea, en el 11,5 por ciento erupción ectópica y en el 47,1 por ciento fracaso eruptivo. Al correlacionar edad y fracaso eruptivo, se encontró una relación estadísticamente significativa, de tal modo que las intervenciones realizadas antes de los 9 años presentaron una evolución favorable. Conclusiones: La presencia de dientes supernumerarios anteriores no erupcionados se asocia a alteraciones eruptivas de los dientes permanentes. La edad del paciente en el momento del tratamiento influye en la evolución de la erupción de los dientes permanentes (AU)