A combination of plasma DAO and citrulline levels as a potential marker for acute mesenteric ischemia.

INTRODUCTION: There is no valid and reliable diagnostic test for early diagnosis of acute mesenteric ischemia (AMI). The aim of this study was to measure the plasma levels of diamine oxidase (DAO) and citrulline in AMI to gain insight into its early diagnosis. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 21 Wistar albino rats were divided into three groups, that is, control group, short-term ischemia group, and prolonged ischemia group. The superior mesenteric artery was occluded for 15 min in the short-term ischemia group and for 12 h in the prolonged ischemia group. Twelve hours later, the experiment was terminated and plasma DAO and citrulline levels were measured. Intestinal tissue was evaluated for the histopathological changes. RESULTS: Compared to the control group, the short-term and prolonged ischemia groups showed significant increases in the plasma levels of DAO, whereas the plasma citrulline levels decreased significantly. Prolonged ischemia caused a larger increase in the plasma DAO levels and a larger decrease in the plasma citrulline levels compared to the short-term ischemia (p=0.011 and p=0.021, respectively). Intestinal damage was shown to develop more in the prolonged ischemia group (p=0.001). CONCLUSION: In the early period of AMI, the plasma DAO levels increase while citrulline levels decrease, and the extent of these changes depends on the duration of ischemia.

A Rare Presentation of Xanthogranulomatous Cholecystitis as Bouveret's Syndrome.

The purpose of this paper is to present sonographic and CT imaging findings of xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis (XGC) presented as Bouveret's syndrome, a very rare cause of gastric obstruction. While the patient's physical examination, upper GI endoscopy, and radiological findings all pointed to Bouveret's syndrome, CT differential diagnosis suggested either XGC or gallbladder carcinoma, and the final diagnosis was done histopathologically. Our paper aims to increase awareness in radiologically diagnosing XGC cases by introducing the possibility of existence of Bouveret's syndrome.