Family-owned multinational enterprises in the post-pandemic global economy.

Contractor (J Int Bus Stud, 2022 ) argues that the COVID-19 pandemic has only accelerated changes in the world economy that had already started, and that the fundamental rationale for globalization remains. Although we agree with much of Contractor's analysis and conclusions, we argue that in the case of large family-owned multinational enterprises (MNEs), international behavior after the pandemic is likely to be varied, reflecting the strategic persistence and the heterogeneity of the goals, governance, and resources of these firms compared to nonfamily firms. We therefore complement Contractor's article by discussing why most large family MNEs will pursue strategies that are consistent with globalization, but some will pursue strategies that move them in the opposite direction.

Contractor (2022) argumente que la pandémie de COVID-19 ne fait qu'accélérer des changements déjà commencés dans l'économie mondiale, et que la logique fondamentale de la globalisation demeure. Bien que nous soyons d'accord avec une grande partie de ses conclusions et analyses, nous argumentons que dans le cas des grandes entreprises multinationales familiales, le comportement international après la pandémie est susceptible d'être varié, reflétant la persistance stratégique et l'hétérogénéité en matière d'objectifs, de gouvernance et de ressources de ces entreprises par rapport aux entreprises non familiales. Par conséquent, nous complétons l'article de Contractor en discutant pourquoi la plupart des grandes entreprises multinationales familiales poursuivront des stratégies compatibles avec la globalisation, mais certaines des stratégies qui les font avancer dans la direction opposée.

Contractor (2022) sostiene que la pandemia del COVID-19 solo ha acelerado los cambios en la economía mundial que ya habían empezado, y que la lógica fundamental de la globalización se mantiene. Aunque estamos de acuerdo con mucho del análisis y las conclusiones de Contractor, sostenemos que en el caso las grandes empresas multinacionales de propiedad familiar, el comportamiento internacional después de la pandemia es probable que difiera, reflejando la persistencia estratégica y la heterogeneidad de los objetivos, la gobernanza, y los recursos de estas empresas en comparación con las empresas que no son familiares. Por consiguiente, nosotros complementamos el articulo de Contractor discutiendo por qué la mayoría de las grandes empresas familiares multinacionales seguirán estrategias que son coherentes con la globalización pero otras seguirán estrategias que las moverá en la dirección opuesta.

Contractor (2022) argumenta que a pandemia do COVID-19 apenas acelerou mudanças na economia mundial que já haviam iniciado e que a lógica fundamental para a globalização permanece. Embora concordemos com grande parte das análises e conclusões de Contractor, argumentamos que no caso de grandes empresas multinacionais familiares (MNEs), o comportamento internacional após a pandemia provavelmente será variado, refletindo a persistência estratégica e a heterogeneidade dos objetivos, governança e recursos dessas empresas em comparação com empresas não familiares. Portanto, complementamos o artigo de Contractor discutindo por que a maioria das grandes empresas multinacionais familiares buscará estratégias consistentes com a globalização, mas algumas buscarão estratégias que as movam na direção oposta.

One year in review 2016: novelties in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic disease characterised by inflammation of the synovial tissue in joints, which can lead to joint destruction. The primary goal of the treatment is to control pain and inflammation, reduce joint damage and disability, and maintain or improve physical function and quality of life. The present review is aimed at providing a critical analysis of the recent literature on the novelties in the treatment of RA, with a particular focus on the most relevant studies published over the last year.

One year in review 2015: Sjögren's syndrome.

Primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) is a chronic autoimmune disease mainly characterised by the inflammation of exocrine glands; however, a broad spectrum of systemic manifestations may characterise the disease. Recently, pSS has been the object of considerable immunologic and clinical research which has led to significant advances in the diagnosis, prognostic assessment and management of the disease. Herewith, we provide a critical digest of the recent literature on this topic.