Intervención educativa sobre quemaduras por agentes físicos al personal de enfermería del Policlínico Universitario Norte de Morón / Educative intervention on burns by physical agents to the nursing personnel from North Moron University Policlinic

Se realizó un estudio pre-experimental en el periodo comprendido entre los meses de mayo y junio del 2010, con el objetivo de aumentar el nivel de conocimiento del personal de enfermería del Policlínico Universitario Norte de Morón, acerca de las quemaduras por agentes físicos, a través de un programa de intervención educativa. El universo del trabajo lo constituyeron los 166 enfermeros de este centro y se tomó una muestra al azar de 64 de estos, se les aplicó una encuesta para evaluar el nivel de conocimiento. Luego se implementó el programa educativo que constó con 6 sesiones, que se ejecutaron con una frecuencia de dos veces por semana y por espacio de 3 semanas. Se cumplió los objetivos propuestos en la investigación, se aplicó nuevamente la encuesta y se comprobaron los resultados obtenidos antes y después de la intervención educativa, los resultados mostraron, que el porciento más elevado de la muestra fue de licenciados en enfermería de los cuales la mayoría tenían entre 10 y 14 años de experiencia laboral y que al realizar la intervención se aumentó significativamente el nivel de conocimiento del personal de enfermería (AU)

A pre-experimental study was carried out in the period between May and June 2010, with the objective to increase the knowledge level of the nursing personnel from North Moron University Policlinic, about burns by physical agents, through an educative intervention program. The universe was constituted by 166 nurses of this center and the sample was 64, that a survey was applied to evaluate the knowledge level. Then it was implemented the educative program that consisted of 6 sections, that it was executed with a frequency of twice a week and at least 3 weeks, allowing fulfill the objectives proposed in the investigation, soon the survey was applied again and the results obtained before and after the educative intervention were verified, the results showed, that the most elevated percent of the sample was nursing professional of which the majority were between 10 and 14 years of work experience and when the intervention was made, the level of nursing personnel knowledge increased (AU)

Eficacia de la aplicación de la eritropoyetina humana recombinante en el tratamiento de la anemia del paciente quemado / Effectiveness of the recombinant human erythropoietin application in the anemia treatment of the burned patient

Se realizó un ensayo clínico longitudinal y experimental en un grupo de pacientes portadores de anemia que recibieron tratamiento con heberitro en el servicio de cirugía plástica y caumatología del Hospital General Universitario Dr. Antonio Luaces Iraola de Ciego de Ávila, en el período comprendido de enero del 2008 a enero del 2010 con el objetivo de determinar la eficacia de la aplicación de la eritropoyetina humana recombinante en el tratamiento de la anemia del paciente quemado. El mayor número de pacientes se registró en las edades comprendidas entre 30-34 años, predominó el sexo femenino. Los pacientes reportados de muy graves constituyeron la mayoría de los pacientes tratados. La dosis de heberitro utilizada incrementó de manera estadísticamente significativa (p<0.05) las cifras de hematocrito y hemoglobina en la totalidad de los casos y la mayoría de los casos requirió menor número de transfusión de glóbulos rojos. No se reportaron eventos adversos significativos con el uso de heberitro. La estadía hospitalaria promedio disminuyó (AU)

A longitudinal and experimental clinical test was carried out in a group of patients with anemia that received treatment with heberitro in plastic surgery and caumatology service from general university hospital Dr. Antonio Luaces Iraola in Ciego de Ávila, between January 2008 and January 2010 with the aim to determing the effectiveness of the Recombinant Human Erythropoietin application in the anemia treatment of the burned patient. The greater number of patients was registered in the ages between 30-34 years, predominating feminine sex. Patients reported very serious condition constituted most of the treated patients. The Heberitro dose increased in statistically significant way (p<0.05) the numbers of Hematocrit and Hemoglobin in the totality of cases and most of the cases required less red globule transfusion. Significant adverse events with the use of Heberitro were not reported. The average Hospital stay diminished (AU)

La cirugía reductora mamaria con anestesia local infiltrativa / Breast reduction surgery with local anesthesia infiltrative

Intoducción: Aunque existen evidencias de las ventajas potenciales y seguridad en la realización de la cirugía reductora mamaria bajo anestesia local infiltrativa poco se ha publicado en el país e internacionalmente acerca del tema. Objetivo: evaluar la eficacia y seguridad de la cirugía reductora mamaria con anestesia local en 170 (n=170) casos diagnosticados de hipertrofia mamaria. Método: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, prospectivo, durante el año 2009 y el primer semestre del 2010. Resultados: predominaron los casos con hipertrofias mamarias muy importantes. La solución anestésica más empleada fue la de 750 ml al 0.16 por ciento siendo inversamente proporcional al grado de hipertrofia. La técnica de reducción mamaria más utilizada fue el monopedículo interno. La complicación más frecuente fue la deshisencia de suturas donde se presentó el mayor número en los casos con técnica de monopedículo interno. Conclusiones: se alcanzó un elevado grado de anestesia y seguridad con el proceder pues la mayoría de los casos expresaron solo dolor leve y ningún síntoma de toxicidad o efecto adverso a la lidocaína. Los resultados obtenidos fueron favorables en la mayoría de los casos(AU)

Introduction: although evidences of the potential advantages and security on realization of mammary reduction surgery with local anesthesia exist a few articles has been published in our country and internationally about the topic. Objective: to evaluate the effectiveness and security of the mammary reduction surgery with local infiltratíve anesthesia in 170 (n=170) diagnosed cases of mammary hypertrophy. Method:a descriptive, prospective study, during the year 2009 and the first semester of 2010 was carried out. Results: cases with mammary hypertrophies prevailed. The anesthetic solution most used was the one from 750 ml to 0.16 percent being inversely proportional to the hypertrophy grade. The most common reduction mammaplasty technique was the internal monopedicle. The most frecuent complication was suture deshisencies showing up the greatest number in the cases with monopedicle internal technique. Conclusions: a high grade of anesthesia and safety was achieved with the procedures as most of the cases only complained of light pain and no toxicity symptom or adverse effect to lidocaíne. The obtained results were favorable in most of the cases(AU)

La cirugía reductora mamaria con anestesia local infiltrativa / Breast reduction surgery with local anesthesia infiltrative

Intoducción: Aunque existen evidencias de las ventajas potenciales y seguridad en la realización de la cirugía reductora mamaria bajo anestesia local infiltrativa poco se ha publicado en el país e internacionalmente acerca del tema. Objetivo: evaluar la eficacia y seguridad de la cirugía reductora mamaria con anestesia local en 170 (n=170) casos diagnosticados de hipertrofia mamaria. Método: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, prospectivo, durante el año 2009 y el primer semestre del 2010. Resultados: predominaron los casos con hipertrofias mamarias muy importantes. La solución anestésica más empleada fue la de 750 ml al 0.16 por ciento siendo inversamente proporcional al grado de hipertrofia. La técnica de reducción mamaria más utilizada fue el monopedículo interno. La complicación más frecuente fue la deshisencia de suturas donde se presentó el mayor número en los casos con técnica de monopedículo interno. Conclusiones: se alcanzó un elevado grado de anestesia y seguridad con el proceder pues la mayoría de los casos expresaron solo dolor leve y ningún síntoma de toxicidad o efecto adverso a la lidocaína. Los resultados obtenidos fueron favorables en la mayoría de los casos.

Introduction: although evidences of the potential advantages and security on realization of mammary reduction surgery with local anesthesia exist a few articles has been published in our country and internationally about the topic. Objective: to evaluate the effectiveness and security of the mammary reduction surgery with local infiltratíve anesthesia in 170 (n=170) diagnosed cases of mammary hypertrophy. Method:a descriptive, prospective study, during the year 2009 and the first semester of 2010 was carried out. Results: cases with mammary hypertrophies prevailed. The anesthetic solution most used was the one from 750 ml to 0.16 percent being inversely proportional to the hypertrophy grade. The most common reduction mammaplasty technique was the internal monopedicle. The most frecuent complication was suture deshisencies showing up the greatest number in the cases with monopedicle internal technique. Conclusions: a high grade of anesthesia and safety was achieved with the procedures as most of the cases only complained of light pain and no toxicity symptom or adverse effect to lidocaíne. The obtained results were favorable in most of the cases.

Diminished diet-induced hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia and enhanced expression of PPARalpha and FGF21 in mice with hepatic ablation of brain-derived neurotropic factor.

Brain-derived neurotropic factor (BDNF) mediates many aspects of neuronal function, and plays a chief role in the central regulation of energy balance. In the periphery, it is expressed in organs involved in energy, lipid, and glucose homeostasis, including the liver, but its role there remains unclear. Here, we describe studies examining the effect of selectively depleting hepatic BDNF. Liver-specific mutant mice exhibited normal food intake and body weights when fed standard chow or high-fat diets (HFDs). However, whereas HFD intake induced mild hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia in wild-types (WTs), liver-specific BDNF mutants were protected from these effects. Serum levels of cholesterol and triglycerides were also elevated in HFD-fed WTs, but they were normal or slightly increased in BDNF mutants. Furthermore, whereas WTs fed HFD exhibited elevated levels of circulating alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase, BDNF mutant males fed a similar diet had a normal content of both enzymes. Molecular analysis indicated that the livers of BDNF mutants fed HFD contained elevated levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (Pparalpha or Ppara as listed in the MGI Database) and fibroblast growth factor 21 (Fgf21) transcripts compared with WTs. This is a notable finding as this pathway has anti-diabetic and lipid clearance effects. Accordingly, genes involved in lipid and glucose handling and targets of PPARalpha and FGF21 were upregulated in the BDNF mutant livers. The collective data indicate that hepatic BDNF might facilitate the emergence of insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and liver disease following HFD challenge by suppressing PPARalpha and FGF21.

Depletion of central BDNF in mice impedes terminal differentiation of new granule neurons in the adult hippocampus.

Granule neurons generated in the adult mammalian hippocampus synaptically integrate to facilitate cognitive function and antidepressant efficacy. Here, we investigated the role of BDNF in facilitating their maturation in vivo. We found that depletion of central BDNF in mice elicited an increase in hippocampal cell proliferation without affecting cell survival or fate specification. However, new mutant neurons failed to fully mature as indicated by their lack of calbindin, reduced dendritic differentiation and an accumulation of calretinin(+) immature neurons in the BDNF mutant dentate gyrus. Furthermore, the facilitating effects of GABA(A) receptor stimulation on neurogenesis were absent in the mutants, suggesting that defects might be due to alterations in GABA signaling. Transcriptional analysis of the mutant hippocampal neurogenic region revealed increases in markers for immature neurons and decreases in neuronal differentiation facilitators. These findings demonstrate that BDNF is required for the terminal differentiation of new neurons in the adult hippocampus.

Selective deletion of Bdnf in the ventromedial and dorsomedial hypothalamus of adult mice results in hyperphagic behavior and obesity.

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and its receptor TrkB are expressed in several hypothalamic and hindbrain nuclei involved in regulating energy homeostasis, developmentally and in the adult animal. Their depletion during the fetal or early postnatal periods when developmental processes are still ongoing elicits hyperphagic behavior and obesity in mice. Whether BDNF is a chief element in appetite control in the mature brain remains controversial. The required sources of this neurotrophin are also unknown. We show that glucose administration rapidly induced BDNF mRNA expression, mediated by Bdnf promoter 1, and TrkB transcription in the ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH) of adult mice, consistent with a role of this pathway in satiety. Using viral-mediated selective knock-down of BDNF in the VMH and dorsomedial hypothalamus (DMH) of adult mice, we were able to elucidate the physiological relevance of BDNF in energy balance regulation. Site-specific mutants exhibited hyperphagic behavior and obesity but normal energy expenditure. Furthermore, intracerebroventricular administration of BDNF triggered an immediate neuronal response in multiple hypothalamic nuclei in wild-type mice, suggesting that its anorexigenic actions involve short-term mechanisms. Locomotor, aggressive, and depressive-like behaviors, all of which are associated with neural circuits involving the VMH, were not altered in VMH/DMH-specific BDNF mutants. These findings demonstrate that BDNF is an integral component of central mechanisms mediating satiety in the adult mouse and, moreover, that its synthesis in the VMH and/or DMH is required for the suppression of appetite.

Myosin II regulatory light chain is required for trafficking of bile salt export protein to the apical membrane in Madin-Darby canine kidney cells.

BSEP, MDR1, and MDR2 ATP binding cassette transporters are targeted to the apical (canalicular) membrane of hepatocytes, where they mediate ATP-dependent secretion of bile acids, drugs, and phospholipids, respectively. Sorting to the apical membrane is essential for transporter function; however, little is known regarding cellular proteins that bind ATP binding cassette proteins and regulate their trafficking. A yeast two-hybrid screen of a rat liver cDNA library identified the myosin II regulatory light chain, MLC2, as a binding partner for BSEP, MDR1, and MDR2. The interactions were confirmed by glutathione S-transferase pulldown and co-immunoprecipitation assays. BSEP and MLC2 were overrepresented in a rat liver subcellular fraction enriched in canalicular membrane vesicles, and MLC2 colocalized with BSEP in the apical domain of hepatocytes and polarized WifB, HepG2, and Madin-Darby canine kidney cells. Expression of a dominant negative, non-phosphorylatable MLC2 mutant reduced steady state BSEP levels in the apical domain of polarized Madin-Darby canine kidney cells. Pulse-chase studies revealed that Blebbistatin, a specific myosin II inhibitor, severely impaired delivery of newly synthesized BSEP to the apical surface. These findings indicate that myosin II is required for BSEP trafficking to the apical membrane.

Epstein-Barr virus latent membrane protein LMP-2A is sufficient for transactivation of the human endogenous retrovirus HERV-K18 superantigen.

Superantigens are microbial proteins that strongly stimulate T cells. We described previously that the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) transactivates a superantigen encoded by the human endogenous retrovirus, HERV-K18. We now report that the transactivation is dependent upon the EBV latent cycle proteins. Moreover, LMP-2A is sufficient for induction of HERV-K18 superantigen activity.

Identification of HAX-1 as a protein that binds bile salt export protein and regulates its abundance in the apical membrane of Madin-Darby canine kidney cells.

ATP-binding cassette (ABC)-type proteins are essential for bile formation in vertebrate liver. BSEP, MDR1, MDR2, and MRP2 ABC transporters are targeted to the apical (canalicular) membrane of hepatocytes where they execute ATP-dependent transport of bile acids, drugs, amphipathic cations, phospholipids, and conjugated organic anions, respectively. Changes in activity and abundance of transporters in the canalicular membrane regulate bile flow; however, little is known regarding cellular proteins that bind ABC transporters and regulate their trafficking. A yeast two-hybrid screen identified HAX-1 as a binding partner for BSEP, MDR1, and MDR2. The interactions were validated biochemically by glutathione S-transferase pull-down and co-immunoprecipitation assays. BSEP and HAX-1 were over-represented in rat liver subcellular fractions enriched for canalicular membrane vesicles, microsomes, and clathrin-coated vesicles. HAX-1 was bound to BSEP, MDR1, and MDR2 in canalicular membrane vesicles and co-localized with BSEP and MDR1 in the apical membrane of Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells. RNA interference of HAX-1 increased BSEP levels in the apical membrane of MDCK cells by 71%. Pulse-chase studies indicated that HAX-1 depletion did not affect BSEP translation, post-translational modification, delivery to the plasma membrane, or half-life. HAX-1 depletion resulted in an increased peak of metabolically labeled apical membrane BSEP at 4 h and enhanced retention at 6 and 9 h. HAX-1 also interacts with cortactin. Expression of dominant negative cortactin increased steady state levels of BSEP 2-fold in the apical membrane of MDCK cells, as did expression of dominant negative EPS15. These findings suggest that HAX-1 and cortactin participate in BSEP internalization from the apical membrane.

Diseño y ejecucion de un plan de biotratamiento para residuos (cortes) de perforacion de la actividad petrolera por la metodologia de biodegradacion con bioaumentacion. Parte 1 y 2

Por la solicitud de una empresa se elaboro un plan de tratamiento para residuos de perforacion (cutting base hidrocarburos) por biodegradacion oxidativa enzimatica en suelos.Entre las actividades que producen residuos en la industria petrolera,la perforacion se presenta como generadora de importantes volumenes de residuos denominados "cuttings" o cortes de perforacion

Diseño y ejecucion de un plan de biotratamiento para residuos (cortes) de perforacion de la actividad petrolera por la metodologia de biodegradacion con bioaumentacion. Parte 1 y 2

Por la solicitud de una empresa se elaboro un plan de tratamiento para residuos de perforacion (cutting base hidrocarburos) por biodegradacion oxidativa enzimatica en suelos.Entre las actividades que producen residuos en la industria petrolera,la perforacion se presenta como generadora de importantes volumenes de residuos denominados "cuttings" o cortes de perforacion

Diseño y ejecución de un plan de biotratamiento para residuos (cortes) de perforación de la actividad petrolera, por la metodología de biodegradación con bioaumentación

Los tratamientos por biorremediación con estimulación asistida de la actividad hidrocarburolítica de los microorganismos nativos han demostrado ser métodos ser métodos ecológicamente amigables que minimizan compromisos ambientales. Por solicitud de la empresa SWACO de Argentina, la consultora GEOciencia elaboró un plan de tratamiento para residuos de perforación por biodegradación oxidativa enzimática de suelos. Entre las actividades que producen residuos en la industria petrolera, la perforación se presenta como generadora de importantes volúmenes de residuos llamados cuttings o cortes de perforación. Los resultados obtenidos en el tratamiento de cortes pos landfarming con bioaumentación implican una aplicación más a las ya demostradas aptitudes que representan la remediación microbiana complementada con la fitorremediación

Diseño y ejecución de un plan de biotratamiento para residuos (cortes) de perforación de la actividad petrolera, por la metodología de biodegradación con bioaumentación

Los tratamientos por biorremediación con estimulación asistida de la actividad hidrocarburolítica de los microorganismos nativos han demostrado ser métodos ser métodos ecológicamente amigables que minimizan compromisos ambientales. Por solicitud de la empresa SWACO de Argentina,la consultora GEOciencia elaboró un plan de tratamiento para residuos de perforación por biodegradación oxidativa enzimática de suelos. Entre las actividades que producen residuos en la industria petrolera, la perforación se presenta como generadora de importantes volúmenes de residuos llamados cuttings o cortes de perforación. Los resultados obtenidos en el tratamiento de cortes pos landfarming con bioaumentación implican una aplicación más a las ya demostradas aptitudes que representan la remediación microbiana complementada con la fitorremediación