Hyperglycemia management in patients admitted to internal medicine in Spain: A point-prevalence survey examining adequacy of glycemic control and guideline adherence.

AIMS: Despite the increasing prevalence of hospitalized diabetic patients, there are few studies that evaluate the glycemic control and the rate of adherence to clinical practice guidelines for glucose monitoring and management in the hospital setting. METHODS: Crossover study using one-day surveys of all inpatients admitted to internal medicine wards from voluntary participating hospitals across Spain. Retrospective review of medical records was used to identify patients with hyperglycemia, causes for hospitalization, patients' demographic characteristics, appropriateness of glycemic monitoring and treatment during hospitalization. RESULTS: Among 5439 hospitalized patients studied there were 1000 (18.4%) with hyperglycemia in 111 participating hospitals. Patients mean age was 76.0±8.5 years (51.6% male). On admission, 91% had known diabetes (disease duration of 10.9±8.5 years), 5% had unknown diabetes and 4% had stress hyperglycemia. The comorbidity index (Charslon score) was 4 (interquartile range: 2 to 6) and 31% showed a high level of disability (Rankin scale). Main infringement in the process of care included lack of a recent HbA1c value (43.7%), use of sliding scale insulin therapy (20.7%), use of oral antidiabetic agents (8.9%), and less than three bedside point-of-care (POC) blood glucose test per day (17%). Glycemic target pre-meal and bedtime were achieved in 47% to 79.5% of POC. The rates of hypoglycemia (<70 mg/dL and <50mg/dL) were 10.3% and 2.4%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that there is an important gap between the clinical guidelines and both the management and the grade of glycemic control of diabetic inpatients.

Hepatitis crónicas virales B y C en población inmigrante en España / Chronic viral hepatitis B and C in immigrant population, Spain

Fundamentos: En España la prevalencia de la hepatitis crónicas de origen viral puede variar a causa de los inmigrantes procedentes de áreas de elevada prevalencia de infección por virus B y C de la hepatitis. La infección por estos virus es un problema importante de salud pública global por los procesos crónicos que originan. El objetivo del estudio fue conocer el impacto de la inmigración en la prevalencia de las hepatitis crónicas virales en España. Métodos: Revisión bibliográfica cualitativa de la literatura científica sobre el tema publicada entre enero de 1998 y diciembre de 2012 utilizando las bases Medline y MEDES-MEDicina. Resultados: Se analizaron los datos procedentes de 19 artículos originales. En conjunto la prevalencia de infección por los virus B y C de la hepatitis fue mayor en la población emigrante que la descrita para la población general española. Los emigrantes de África y Europa del Este presentaron las mayores prevalencias y los inmigrantes iberoamericanos las menores. Conclusiones: La prevalencia de las infecciones por virus B y C de la hepatitis en inmigrantes sugiere que podrían tener un importante impacto en la salud pública en España (AU)

Background: the prevalence of chronic viral hepatitis in Spain could vary because of the immigrants coming from countries having an elevated with a higher endemicity of hepatitis B and C virus. Hepatitis B and hepatitis C virus infections are an important health problem worldwide taking into account their chronic consequences. The aim of this study was to know the impact of immigration in the prevalence of chronic viral hepatitis in Spain. Methods: qualitative of scientific papers searching in Medline and MEDES-MEDicina, with date limit January 1998- December 2012 and only papers in English and Spanish. Results: data from19 original articleswere analyzed. The prevalences of hepatitis B and C virus infections in the immigrant population, on the whole, are higher than Spanish population. Immigrants from Africa and East European countries presented the higher prevalence of Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C virus infection, whereas the Latin American-origin population displayed the lowest one. Conclusion: the prevalences of hepatitis B and C virus infections in the immigrant population suggest they could have a substantial public health impact in Spain (AU)