Parathyroid carcinoma: Imaging features of initial presentation and recurrence. A single center experience.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Parathyroid carcinoma is the rarest endocrine neoplasm with very few published data discussing its imaging appearance with primary focus on ultrasound imaging features. We present our 23 years institutional experience to highlight multimodality imaging evaluation at presentation and at recurrence. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Retrospective chart review of clinical and pathological diagnosis of parathyroid carcinoma patients presented for initial or recurrent disease management at M.D. Anderson Cancer Center between the period of January 2000 and February 2023 was performed. Imaging findings on US, CT, PET/CT, and technetium-99m sestamibi were analyzed for initial and local recurrent parathyroid carcinoma. We further assess patterns of distant recurrence and its location. RESULTS: Twenty three patients with pathological and clinical diagnosis of initial (14 patients) or recurrent parathyroid carcinoma (14 patients) were included in this study. US findings of parathyroid carcinoma were larger lesions, increased/irregular vascularity, and non-circumscribed margins. Multiphasic CT findings of parathyroid carcinoma included an arterially enhancing lesion that is hypoenhancing relative to the thyroid and demonstrates no washout on delayed imaging. Highly suggestive findings for recurrent disease included a hypoechoic solid nodule (91.67%) with increased vascularity on ultrasound (81.8%) with corresponding enhancement on CT. CONCLUSION: Parathyroid carcinoma is a rare malignancy often diagnosed after surgical resection. We provided CT and US imaging features that are helpful in suggesting the diagnosis of parathyroid carcinoma and detection of early local recurrence.

ACR Appropriateness Criteria® Staging and Post-Therapy Assessment of Head and Neck Cancer.

Imaging of head and neck cancer at initial staging and as part of post-treatment surveillance is a key component of patient care as it guides treatment strategy and aids determination of prognosis. Head and neck cancer includes a heterogenous group of malignancies encompassing several anatomic sites and histologies, with squamous cell carcinoma the most common. Together this comprises the seventh most common cancer worldwide. At initial staging comprehensive imaging delineating the anatomic extent of the primary site, while also assessing the nodal involvement of the neck is necessary. The treatment of head and neck cancer often includes a combination of surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy. Post-treatment imaging is tailored for the evaluation of treatment response and early detection of local, locoregional, and distant recurrent tumor. Cross-sectional imaging with CT or MRI is recommended for the detailed anatomic delineation of the primary site. PET/CT provides complementary metabolic information and can map systemic involvement. The American College of Radiology Appropriateness Criteria are evidence-based guidelines for specific clinical conditions that are reviewed annually by a multidisciplinary expert panel. The guideline development and revision include an extensive analysis of current medical literature from peer reviewed journals and the application of well-established methodologies (RAND/UCLA Appropriateness Method and Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation or GRADE) to rate the appropriateness of imaging and treatment procedures for specific clinical scenarios. In those instances where evidence is lacking or equivocal, expert opinion may supplement the available evidence to recommend imaging or treatment.

Computed Tomography Angiography Quantification of Intracranial and Extracranial Vascular Narrowing in Ischemic Stroke: Differences Between Patients With and Without Illicit Drug Use.

OBJECTIVE: Previous studies have linked illicit drug consumption and stroke. The purpose of this study is to identify specific imaging findings depicted on computed tomography angiography on patients with illicit drug-associated stroke. METHODS: This is a retrospective case-control study that included ischemic stroke patients. Subjects who tested positive for cocaine or marijuana were considered as cases, while patients who tested negative were included as controls. Matching of the controls was carried out based on the presence of stroke risk factors. A previously validated scale was used to calculate narrowing scores through computed tomography angiography. Comparison between cases and matched controls was evaluated by paired t test for age and body mass index, and by Wilcoxon signed rank test for intracranial, extracranial, and total scores. RESULTS: One hundred seventy-four patients were included in the study, 87 subjects for each group. Because of matching, baseline status differed only on body mass index, with a greater proportion of obese subjects among controls ( P < 0.016). Subgroup analysis demonstrated that it is more likely to find any intracranial abnormality among cocaine consumers when compared with controls ( P = 0.041). CONCLUSIONS: By using computed tomography angiography, we found that stroke patients with history of cocaine consumption had a higher incidence of intracranial circulation narrowing compared with matched controls.

Imaging of the Thyroid: Practical Approach.

Imaging evaluation of the thyroid gland spans a plethora of modalities, including ultrasound imaging, cross-sectional studies, and nuclear medicine techniques. The overlapping of clinical and imaging findings of benign and malignant thyroid disease can make interpretation a complex undertaking. We aim to review and simplify the vast current literature and provide a practical approach to the imaging of thyroid disease for application in daily practice. Our approach highlights the keys to differentiating and diagnosing common benign and malignant disease affecting the thyroid gland.

Composition and Nutritional Quality of the Diet in Spanish Households during the First Wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic.

In Spain, the health crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic led to the declaration of a state of alarm in the whole country in 2020; in this context, a nationwide lockdown was implemented, potentially altering the dietary habits of the population. The aims of this study were to describe the diet and its nutritional quality in Spanish households during the first COVID-19 epidemic wave and to compare them with the same period in 2019. Data on monthly foods and beverages household purchases in 2019 and 2020 were obtained from the nationwide Food Consumption Surveys. In April, there was an average increase, compared with 2019, of more than 40% for all food groups, with significant peaks in: alcoholic beverages (75%), appetizers (60%), eggs (59%), sugar and sweets (52%), and vegetables (50%). In March, the greatest peak was for pulses, with a 63% increment. The mean energy value of purchased foods in April was 2801 kcal/person/day, corresponding to an increase of 771 kcal/person/day (+38%), compared to the same month of 2019 (March and May: +520 kcal (+26%), June: +343 kcal (+18%)). Regarding nutrient density, there was a reduction in calcium, iodine, zinc, selenium, riboflavin, vitamins B12, D, A, especially retinol, and an increase in fibre, sodium, folic acid, carotenes and vitamin E. Alcohol content per 1000 kcal increased by more than 20% from April to July. Food purchase patterns in Spanish households changed during lockdown and after it, with no appreciable improvement in the quality of the diet.

Prenatal and Postnatal Imaging Findings After Fetal Repair of Spinal Dysraphisms Using Cryopreserved Human Umbilical Cord Patch: A Case Series of 4 Patients.

We describe a case series of imaging findings of 4 patients who underwent spinal dysraphisms repair in utero with novel patch material, cryopreserved human umbilical cord, in our institution. In our study, the prenatal and postnatal magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasound are reviewed and showed cord tethering and syrinx progression in all cases. Our report is the first description of magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasound findings in the context of using this novel patch in severe cases of spinal dysraphisms.

Postnatal Intracranial Findings Following Fetal Repair of Spinal Dysraphisms.

OBJECTIVE: Our objective is to document the imaging appearance in the intracranial compartment at the time of the infants' first postnatal brain MR imaging after fetal repair for spinal dysraphisms. METHODS: Twenty-nine patients were evaluated on fetal and postnatal magnetic resonance imaging for a series of features of Chiari II malformation. RESULTS: Of the 29 infants, 55% had resolution of tonsillar ectopia, and 62% showed a dorsal outpouching of the near the foramen magnum on postnatal magnetic resonance imaging. The majority had persistence of Chiari II features including: prominent massa intermedia (93%), tectal beaking (93%), towering cerebellum (55%), flattening of the fourth ventricle (90%), hypoplastic tentorium (97%), and tonsillar hypoplasia (59%). CONCLUSIONS: Normally positioned or minimally descended, oftentimes hypoplastic tonsils in the presence of a posterior fossa configuration typical of Chiari II, was the most common presentation. An additional documented feature was an outpouching of the dorsal thecal sac between the opisthion and the posterior arch of C1.

Development of a Standardized Grading Scale for Atherosclerotic Disease of the Head and Neck.

OBJECTIVE: For research and risk factor analysis, a reproducible method quantifying atherosclerosis is necessary. Our aim was to develop a computed tomography (CT) angiography grading system to quantify atherosclerotic disease of the head and neck. METHODS: Institutional review board-approved, retrospective analysis was performed on 152 patients who underwent head/neck CT angiography. A grading scale was designed to calculate plaque burden at multiple sites with the sum referred to as atherosclerosis score. Three radiologists calculated scores with an overlap of cases to calculate the intraclass correlation coefficient. RESULTS: Without any prior training, the intraclass correlation coefficient between readers was considered fair. After a short tutorial, intraclass correlation coefficient was recalculated using separate patients, showing excellent correlation.Statistically significant positive correlation was found between atherosclerosis scale and age, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, and diabetes, but no correlation with sex or smoking status. CONCLUSIONS: A simple, visual grading scale for atherosclerosis in head/neck CT angiography was used to standardize reporting and better characterize a patient's risk of stroke.

Ganglioglioma in children and young adults: single institution experience and review of the literature.

BACKGROUND: Ganglioglioma (GG) is a rare mixed glial-neuronal neoplasm accounting for 0.5-5% of all pediatric central nervous system (CNS) tumors. Rarity of this tumor has precluded defining robust treatment guidelines. This retrospective study evaluates the prognostic factors and outcomes of this rare neoplasm. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Retrospective analysis of 55 patients with GG was conducted to describe clinical findings, and outcomes. Kaplan-Meier survival and Cox-regression analyses were performed to assess the overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). RESULTS: The mean age at diagnosis was 11.8 years (range 1-21 years) with a median follow-up period of 9.5 years. 53 patients (92.7%) had low grade GG and 2 patients had anaplastic GG. 25 patients had tumor progression, whose median PFS was 12 years. Six patients with low grade GG progressed to a higher grade, with median survival of 9.1 month after transformation. The 5 and 10 year PFS were 65 and 57%, respectively. The 5 and 10 year OS was 96 and 86% respectively. 8 of the 19 (42%) samples tested demonstrated positivity for the BRAF V600E mutation. Multivariate Cox regression analyses showed location and extent of resection were significant factors for PFS and presence of metastatsis attained significance for OS. CONCLUSION: This is the one of the largest retrospective study of pediatric GG. Identifying clinical variables, which could stratify these tumors into low- and high-risk groups might help to profile a risk-based therapeutic strategy. Collaborative multiinstitutional prospective studies are warranted to delineate treatment consensus and investigate prognostic factors.

"It Is Not Natural Anymore": Nutrition, Urbanization, and Indigenous Identity on Bolivia's Andean Plateau.

The objective of this article was to characterize how urbanization and indigenous identity shape nutrition attitudes and practices in El Alto, a rapidly urbanizing and predominantly indigenous (Aymara) community on Bolivia's Andean plateau. We took a qualitative ethnographic approach, interviewing health care providers ( n = 11) and conducting focus groups with mothers of young children ( n = 4 focus groups with 25 mothers total [age = 18-43 years, 60% Aymara]). Participants generally described their urban environment as being problematic for nutrition, a place where unhealthy "junk foods" and "chemicals" have supplanted healthy, "natural," "indigenous" foods from the countryside. Placing nutrition in El Alto within a broader context of cultural identity and a struggle to harmonize different lifestyles and worldviews, we propose how an intercultural framework for nutrition can harmonize Western scientific perspectives with rural and indigenous food culture.

Correction.

[This corrects the article on p. 8 in vol. 10.].

Programa de comedores escolares de la Comunidad de Madrid (2001-2015): diseño, protocolo, metodología y actualización.

Introducción: a finales del siglo xx, no se conocía con precisión si la comida del comedor escolar contribuía adecuadamente a la dieta de la población infantil. Además, este servicio complementario no se contemplaba en el proyecto educativo del centro pese a considerarse fundamental en todas sus dimensiones.Objetivo: describir el origen y desarrollo del programa de comedores escolares de la Comunidad de Madrid (CM) en 15 años desde su implantación.Métodos: se elaboró una normativa a cumplir por las empresas de restauración, y que contemplaba aspectos nutricionales y de composición y variedad de los menús, que se utilizó en los concursos para acceder a la prestación del servicio de comedor escolar, publicados en los años 2001, 2002, 2005, 2009 y 2013. Además se realizaron visitas acreditadas a los centros sin previo aviso para verifi car el cumplimiento de la documentación aportada durante el concurso.Resultados: los criterios más actuales sobre programación y elaboración de menús escolares se recogen en el Pliego de Prescripciones Técnicas del año 2013 (C-504/001-2013). Un 92% de las empresas de restauración superaron los cinco concursos habidos en los 15 años de funcionamiento. Hasta el año 2014, se han realizado 755 visitas, revisándose un total de 574 centros.Conclusiones: el programa de comedores escolares de la CM, desde su implementación pionera en España, ha contribuido a la mejora del servicio complementario de comedor. En estos años se han ido incluyendo nuevos requisitos dietéticos y nutricionales que han logrado menús cada vez más ajustados a las recomendaciones de la población escolar.

Programa de comedores escolares de la Comunidad de Madrid (2001-2015): diseño, protocolo, metodología y actualización / School Meals Programme of the Community of Madrid (2001-2015): design, protocol, methodology and update

Introducción: a finales del siglo XX, no se conocía con precisión si la comida del comedor escolar contribuía adecuadamente a la dieta de la población infantil. Además, este servicio complementario no se contemplaba en el proyecto educativo del centro pese a considerarse fundamental en todas sus dimensiones. Objetivo: describir el origen y desarrollo del programa de comedores escolares de la Comunidad de Madrid (CM) en 15 años desde su implantación. Métodos: se elaboró una normativa a cumplir por las empresas de restauración, y que contemplaba aspectos nutricionales y de composición y variedad de los menús, que se utilizó en los concursos para acceder a la prestación del servicio de comedor escolar, publicados en los años 2001, 2002, 2005, 2009 y 2013. Además se realizaron visitas acreditadas a los centros sin previo aviso para verificar el cumplimiento de la documentación aportada durante el concurso. Resultados: los criterios más actuales sobre programación y elaboración de menús escolares se recogen en el Pliego de Prescripciones Técnicas del año 2013 (C-504/001-2013). Un 92% de las empresas de restauración superaron los cinco concursos habidos en los 15 años de funcionamiento. Hasta el año 2014, se han realizado 755 visitas, revisándose un total de 574 centros. Conclusiones: el programa de comedores escolares de la CM, desde su implementación pionera en España, ha contribuido a la mejora del servicio complementario de comedor. En estos años se han ido incluyendo nuevos requisitos dietéticos y nutricionales que han logrado menús cada vez más ajustados a las recomendaciones de la población escolar (AU)

Introduction: At the end of the 20th century there was no precise knowledgment of whether the food delivered at schools supported the children´s diets. Furthermore, this additional service was not included in the educational plan of the school, even though it had an impact in the pupils´ education in several ways. Objective: To describe the origins and development of School Meals Programme of the Community of Madrid after 15 years of functioning. Methods: A law gathering all the nutritional aspects, composition and variety of the menus was implemented and had to be followed by all the catering companies. Such law was used in different terms (2001, 2002, 2005, 2009 and 2013) to choose who could access to the school meals service. Visits to the schools without previous warning took place to verify that they were complying with the standards. Results: The most recent nutritional standards about the planning and elaboration of the school menus are gathered at the 2013 «Pliego de Prescripciones Técnicas» (C-504/001-2013). As an average, 92% of the participating catering companies approved in the fi ve terms. Until year 2014, 755 visits to these schools took place, revising a total of 574 of them. Conclusions: The School Meals Programme of the Community of Madrid, since the pioneer implementation in Spain, has markedly contributed to the improvement of this key service in the schools. Over these years new dietary requirements have been progressively introduced to produce more suitable menus to fit the scholar population recommendations (AU)

Fifty years of beverages consumption trends in Spanish households.

OBJECTIVES: To describe the evolution of non-alcoholic and alcoholic beverages consumption in the Spanish households from the 60's to nowadays. METHODS: This study is based on beverages and food consumption in Spanish households; the data sample consisted of consumption and distribution data, obtained from the Household Budget Survey (HBS) since 1964 to 1991 and from the Food Consumption Survey (FCS) since 2000 to 2014, in collaboration with the Spanish Nutrition Foundation (FEN). RESULTS: In 2014 the average consumption of non-alcoholic beverages was 332 g/person/day, whereas alcoholic beverages consumption represented 72.6 g/person/day. Consumption of non-alcoholic beverages has increased 721% (1964: 46 g/person/day; 1991: 96 g/person/day; 2000: 240 g/person/day and 2014: 332 g/person/day), whereas alcoholic beverages consumption has decreased roughly a 50% (1964: 145 g/person/day; 1991: 113 g/person/day; 2000: 78.4 g/person/day and 2014: 72.6 g/person/day). The most consumed alcoholic beverage in 2014 was beer (41.3 g/day), followed by wine (23.0 g/day). Regarding non-alcoholic beverages, the most consumed was water (144 g/day), followed by cola (ordinary: 30.7 g/day and diet: 20.5 g/day).According to Spanish regions, in 2014 non-alcoholic beverages were the most consumed in the islands (Balearic Islands 521 grams/person/day; Canary Islands 515 grams/person/day), as it was in the nineties (Balearic Islands 148 grams/person/day and Canary Islands 281 grams/person/day). However in 1980-81 the largest consumption of alcoholic beverages was that of Galicia, 408 g/person per day, and the lower in the Canary Islands, 63 g/person per day. In 2014, Murcia and Andalucía represented the regions with the highest consumption of alcoholic beverages. In 2014, alcoholic beverages provided roughly 1.89% of the total energy and 1.47% of sugars, whereas non-alcoholic beverages provided 3.28% of energy and 15.72% of sugars and, in 2000, alcoholic beverages contributed 2.29% of the energy and 1.47% of sugars and non-alcoholic drinks provided 3.76% of the energy and 22.7% of sugars. CONCLUSION: There have been signifi cant changes in the eating patterns at the Spanish homes, especially regarding beverages consumption, over the last five decades. In general, a higher consumption and variety for non-alcoholic drinks has occurred, especially in the islands. In parallel, a decline in alcoholic beverages consumption has been clearly observed.

Macronutrients contribution from beverages according to sex and age: findings from the ANIBES Study in Spain.

Methodologies and procedures used in dietary surveys have been widely developed with the aim of evaluating the nutritional status of a population. However, beverages are often either disregarded at national and international assessment of nutrients intake or poorly mentioned. Moreover, there is no standardized questionnaire developed as a research tool for the evaluation of beverages intake in the general population. Moreover, the contribution of different beverages to macronutrients intake is rarely provided. The latter in the context of a continuous expansion and innovation of the beverages market in Spain. Therefore, the main goal of the present study was to evaluate non-alcoholic and alcoholic beverages macronutrients contribution in the ANIBES study in Spain (9-75 years old).As expected, those contributed to dietary macronutrient intake mainly as total carbohydrates and sugar. The contribution to other macronutrients (proteins and lipids) by the beverage groups was of much less importance. For non-alcoholic beverages, contribution to carbohydrates was much higher in younger populations (children: 10.91 ± 9.49%, mean ± SD for boys and 9.46 ± 8.83% for girls; adolescents: 11.97 ± 11.26% for men and 13.77 ± 10.55% in women) than in adults: 9.01 ± 9.84% for men and 7.77 ± 8.73% in women. Finally, a much lower contribution was observed in the elderly: 4.22 ± 6.10% for men and 4.46 ± 6.56% for women. No sex differences, however, across all age groups were found. Results for sugar contribution showed a similar trend: children (23.14 ± 19.00% for boys and 19.77 ± 17.35% for girls); adolescents (28.13 ± 24.17% for men and 29.83 ± 21.82% in women); adults 20.42 ± 20.35% for men and 16.95 ± 17.76% in women, p ≤ 0.01; and elderly: 14.63% ± 9.97 for men and 9.33 ± 12.86% in women. The main contribution corresponded to sugared soft drinks, juices and nectars, more relevant and significant in the younger populations. As for alcoholic beverages, the contribution of macronutrients to the total diet is low for carbohydrates and sugar. The main contribution of this group, as expected, is alcohol, being higher from low alcohol content beverages, and in men vs women (p ≤ 0.001).

A new educational tool to learn about hydration: taste workshops for children.

INTRODUCTION: Nutrition education contributes to children´s understanding and practice of healthy lifestyles behaviors. Having a well hydration status is an essential topic, especially since children are a vulnerable population who are much more  prone to dehydration than adults are. The approval of the Report on the European Gastronomic Heritage: Cultural and Educational Aspects in 2014 served as starting point to work on innovative audio-visual and multimedia materials for children. The Spanish Nutrition Foundation (FEN) and the Royal Academy of Gastronomy (RAG), in collaboration with the Ministry of Education, Culture and Sport in Spain (MECD),  developed educational videos for schoolchildren to learn about food, nutrition and gastronomy, specially, the importance of being hydrated. OBJECTIVES: To develop a serial of videos for children between 3 and 9 years old with nutrition and cooking lessons to be used as educational resources in the official curricula. METHODS: Fourteen chapters related to food, nutrition, gastronomy, physical activity and hydration to be used to record videos were designed and tested. A nutritionist, a chef and two puppets were the main characters acting in the videos.  RESULTS: The chapters were assembled in nine videos that included five sections: introduction, video lesson, recipes -in case of hydration, recipes with different water content foods were recorded-, what have you learntand check your knowledge. A summary of the new educational material was officially presented at the Spain Pavilion during the Expo Milano 2015. Moreover, they are included as education  tool for teachers in the new PANGEI Programme (Food, Nutrition and Gastronomy for Infantile Education) conjointly launched by FEN, RAG and MEDC. CONCLUSION: Taste workshops are useful as innovative nutrition education tools to reinforce language, listening and motor skills as well as food and nutrition concepts, and specially, the importance of being well hydrated.

Angioleiomyoma of the falx.

A 43-year-old man arrived at the emergency department following a syncopal episode. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance images demonstrated a small interhemispheric, anterior parafalcine mass that mimicked a meningioma. Surgical excision and subsequent pathologic evaluation revealed an angioleiomyoma and the patient recovered without incident. Angioleiomyomas are classified as benign smooth muscle tumors and are classically seen in adult females arising in the soft tissues of the lower extremities. Although rare, these masses have been described in various intracranial locations, usually extra-axially. A comprehensive review of the literature and discussion are provided, emphasizing histopathologic and imaging features of this uncommon intracranial neoplasm.

Fifty years of beverages consumption trends in Spanish households

Objectives: To describe the evolution of non-alcoholic and alcoholic beverages consumption in the Spanish households from the 60’s to nowadays. Methods: This study is based on beverages and food consumption in Spanish households; the data sample consisted of consumption and distribution data, obtained from the Household Budget Survey (HBS) since 1964 to 1991 and from the Food Consumption Survey (FCS) since 2000 to 2014, in collaboration with the Spanish Nutrition Foundation (FEN). Results: In 2014 the average consumption of non-alcoholic beverages was 332 g/person/day, whereas alcoholic beverages consumption represented 72.6 g/person/day. Consumption of non-alcoholic beverages has increased 721% (1964: 46 g/person/day; 1991: 96 g/person/day; 2000: 240 g/person/day and 2014: 332 g/person/day), whereas alcoholic beverages consumption has decreased roughly a 50% (1964: 145 g/person/day; 1991: 113 g/person/day; 2000: 78.4 g/person/ day and 2014: 72.6 g/person/day). The most consumed alcoholic beverage in 2014 was beer (41.3 g/day), followed by wine (23.0 g/day). Regarding non-alcoholic beverages, the most consumed was water (144 g/day), followed by cola (ordinary: 30.7 g/day and diet: 20.5 g/day). According to Spanish regions, in 2014 non-alcoholic beverages were the most consumed in the islands (Balearic Islands 521 grams/person/day; Canary Islands 515 grams/person/day), as it was in the nineties (Balearic Islands 148 grams/person/ day and Canary Islands 281 grams/person/day). However in 1980-81 the largest consumption of alcoholic beverages was that of Galicia, 408 g/person per day, and the lower in the Canary Islands, 63 g/person per day. In 2014, Murcia and Andalucía represented the regions with the highest consumption of alcoholic beverages. In 2014, alcoholic beverages provided roughly 1.89% of the total energy and 1.47% of sugars, whereas non-alcoholic beverages provided 3.28% of energy and 15.72% of sugars and, in 2000, alcoholic beverages contributed 2.29% of the energy and 1.47% of sugars and non-alcoholic drinks provided 3.76% of the energy and 22.7% of sugars. Conclusion: There have been significant changes in the eating patterns at the Spanish homes, especially regarding beverages consumption, over the last five decades. In general, a higher consumption and variety for non-alcoholic drinks has occurred, especially in the islands. In parallel, a decline in alcoholic beverages consumption has been clearly observed (AU)

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Macronutrients contribution from beverages according to sex and age: findings from the ANIBES Study in Spain

Methodologies and procedures used in dietary surveys have been widely developed with the aim of evaluating the nutritional status of a population. However, beverages are often either disregarded at national and international assessment of nutrients intake or poorly mentioned. Moreover, there is no standardized questionnaire developed as a research tool for the evaluation of beverages intake in the general population. Moreover, the contribution of different beverages to macronutrients intake is rarely provided. The latter in the context of a continuous expansion and innovation of the beverages market in Spain. Therefore, the main goal of the present study was to evaluate non-alcoholic and alcoholic beverages macronutrients contribution in the ANIBES study in Spain (9-75 years old). As expected, those contributed to dietary macronutrient intake mainly as total carbohydrates and sugar. The contribution to other macronutrients (proteins and lipids) by the beverage groups was of much less importance. For non-alcoholic beverages, contribution to carbohydrates was much higher in younger populations (children: 10.91 ± 9.49%, mean ± SD for boys and 9.46 ± 8.83% for girls; adolescents: 11.97 ± 11.26% for men and 13.77 ± 10.55% in women) than in adults: 9.01 ± 9.84% for men and 7.77 ± 8.73% in women. Finally, a much lower contribution was observed in the elderly: 4.22 ± 6.10% for men and 4.46 ± 6.56% for women. No sex differences, however, across all age groups were found. Results for sugar contribution showed a similar trend: children (23.14 ± 19.00% for boys and 19.77 ± 17.35% for girls); adolescents (28.13 ± 24.17% for men and 29.83 ± 21.82% in women); adults 20.42 ± 20.35% for men and 16.95 ± 17.76% in women, p ≤ 0.01; and elderly: 14.63% ± 9.97 for men and 9.33 ± 12.86% in women. The main contribution corresponded to sugared soft drinks, juices and nectars, more relevant and signifi cant in the younger populations. As for alcoholic beverages, the contribution of macronutrients to the total diet is low for carbohydrates and sugar. The main contribution of this group, as expected, is alcohol, being higher from low alcohol content beverages, and in men vs women (p ≤ 0.001) (AU)

No disponible

A new educational tool to learn about hydration: taste workshops for children

Introduction: Nutrition education contributes to children´s understanding and practice of healthy lifestyles behaviors. Having a well hydration status is an essential topic, especially since children are a vulnerable population who are much more prone to dehydration than adults are. The approval of the Report on the European Gastronomic Heritage: Cultural and Educational Aspects in 2014 served as starting point to work on innovative audio-visual and multimedia materials for children. The Spanish Nutrition Foundation (FEN) and the Royal Academy of Gastronomy (RAG), in collaboration with the Ministry of Education, Culture and Sport in Spain (MECD), developed educational videos for schoolchildren to learn about food, nutrition and gastronomy, specially, the importance of being hydrated. Objectives: To develop a serial of videos for children between 3 and 9 years old with nutrition and cooking lessons to be used as educational resources in the official curricula. Methods: Fourteen chapters related to food, nutrition, gastronomy, physical activity and hydration to be used to record videos were designed and tested. A nutritionist, a chef and two puppets were the main characters acting in the videos. Results: The chapters were assembled in nine videos that included five sections: introduction, video lesson, recipes in case of hydration, recipes with different water content foods were recorded, what have you learnt and check your knowledge. A summary of the new educational material was officially presented at the Spain Pavilion during the Expo Milano 2015. Moreover, they are included as education tool for teachers in the new PANGEI Programme (Food, Nutrition and Gastronomy for Infantile Education) conjointly launched by FEN, RAG and MEDC. Conclusion: Taste workshops are useful as innovative nutrition education tools to reinforce language, listening and motor skills as well as food and nutrition concepts, and specially, the importance of being well hydrated (AU)

No disponible