RESUMO
Cortical evoked responses were recorded from 66 nonretarded and 66 Down's syndrome subjects. Analyses of single-trial responses from which evoked responses were averaged indicated that visual evoked response amplitude in nonretarded subjects was more dependent on variability than on amplitude of single responses. Response decrement, the tendency for evoked responses to attenuate with repetitive stimulation, was clearly observed in the evoked responses of the nonretarded subjects but was minimal in those of the Down's syndrome group. The findings support the concept that the development of inhibitory processes in Down's syndrome persons' brains may be halted or delayed at an early age.
Assuntos
Córtex Cerebral/fisiopatologia , Síndrome de Down/fisiopatologia , Habituação Psicofisiológica/fisiologia , Estimulação Acústica , Adolescente , Adulto , Córtex Auditivo/fisiopatologia , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Eletrochoque , Potenciais Evocados , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estimulação Luminosa , Córtex Somatossensorial/fisiopatologia , Córtex Visual/fisiopatologiaRESUMO
The effects of a short-term behaviorally-oriented assertion training program were evaluated with a sample of drug-abuse patients concurrently involved in an ongoing inpatient program. Assertion questionnaire and verbal performance data were obtained from both a treatment and a no-treatment group prior to and following 3 weeks of assertion training. The results indicated consistent and significant group differences on the verbal behavior variables, but not on the questionnaire data. The results also suggested that the assessment of assertion by situationally defined problem areas may be more accurate and sensitive to change than a more general definition and assessment of assertive behavior.
Assuntos
Terapia Comportamental , Transtornos Relacionados ao Uso de Substâncias/reabilitação , Comportamento Verbal , Adulto , Hospitalização , Humanos , Comportamento Imitativo , Psicoterapia Breve , Psicoterapia de Grupo , Desempenho de Papéis , Inquéritos e QuestionáriosRESUMO
Visual, auditory, and somatosensory evoked responses were recorded from six age groups of Down's syndrome persons and age and sex-matched nonretarded individuals ranging in age from 5 to 62 years and assigned to groups on the basis of observable signs of development and aging. Results indicated that, regardless of stimulus modality, the amplitude of late wave components was dramatically larger for Down's syndrome than for the nonretarded subjects. Where obvious amplitude reduction occurred with maturation and aging among nonretarded subjects, amplitude changes were generally absent among Down's syndrome subjects. The findings for Down's syndrome persons were discussed in terms of deficits in central inhibition and abnormalities in neuronal excitability to different levels of stimulus intensity.
