Hérnia diafragmática peritôniopericárdica congênita em uma gata / Congenital peritoniopericardial diaphragmatic hernia in a female kitten

Background: Peritoneopericardial diaphragmatic hernia is a rare pathogenesis of congenital origin, which occurs due to a failure in the communication between the diaphragm and the pericardium during embryogenesis. Symptoms may be non-existent or non-specific, depending on the herniated organ involved and, in most cases, the diagnosis is incidental. Regarding the most indicated treatment, there are still divergences in the literature concerning the indication of conservative or surgical treatment. This study reports the case of a feline peritoneopericardial hernia, for which surgical correction was the treatment of choice. Case: A 3-month-old female kitten, no defined racial pattern, was referred to the Veterinary Hospital of the Federal Rural University of Pernambuco for treatment of a peritoneopericardial diaphragmatic hernia. This condition was diagnosed through radiographic examination after the patient having been submitted to pediatric castration and presented anesthetic complications in the transsurgery. Blood count, biochemical profile and Doppler echocardiogram were performed, which showed no significant changes. To obtain a better study and surgical planning, computed tomography was performed to observe the heart located cranially in the pericardial cavity. Caudally to the heart, hepatic parenchyma located in the pericardial cavity was observed; and hepatic vessels presenting slightly enlarged dimensions. These tomographic findings suggested peritoneopericardial diaphragmatic hernia; being the liver present in the pericardial cavity and signs of congestion in the hepatic parenchyma. Due to the likelihood of future worsening of the hernia, surgical correction was performed, with an abdominal midline incision in the preumbilical region to reposition the liver to its normal anatomy, followed by diaphragm reconstitution through a herniorrhaphy. After the surgical procedure, the patient was referred for observation in internment and, after 15 days, the skin sutures were removed. Complete correction of the hernial defect was observed on radiography performed 30 days after the surgical procedure. However, the examination showed the presence of deviation/ deformity in the topography of the sternum and costal cartilages, with slight cardiac displacement to the right hemithorax, suggesting the presence of pectus excavatum. Discussion: Peritoneopericardial diaphragmatic hernia is considered rare and, despite being one of the most common causes of congenital pericardial anomaly in felines, it has a low prevalence ranging from 0.06% to 1.45%. They are usually diagnosed from two years of age, with prevalence for older animals. However, due to having presented anesthetic changes, the patient of this case report could be diagnosed early. Among the most common organs that migrate to the thoracic cavity, the liver is the most commonly observed, which is also the hernia content of the present report. Peritoneopericardial hernia is often diagnosed through radiography and ultrasound, and these imaging tests proved to be sufficient for the diagnosis in this report. However, computed tomography was important for providing a better study of case and for the adoption of median celiotomy as a treatment. Associations with other malformations are described in the literature, with pectus excavatum being the most common and also observed in this report. Peritoneopericardial diaphragmatic hernia is a rare anomaly, rarely reported in the literature and with divergences regarding its treatment. The adoption of early surgical treatment performed in this report showed satisfactory evolution and the possibility of a favorable prognosis.

Manejo nutricional de cães e gatos domiciliados no município de Maceió, Alagoas, Brasil / Nutritional management of domiciled cats and dogs in the municipality of Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil

O objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar o manejo nutricional de cães e gatos domiciliados no município de Maceió, Alagoas, Brasil, com base no perfil dos proprietários, por meio de um questionário aplicado, ob-tendo informações sobre nível de instrução com relação à alimentação ofertada a seus animais, bem como o grau de conhecimento sobre a importância da nutrição para a saúde de cães e gatos. De acordo com os entrevistados, neste município a presença de cães como animais de estimação foi predominante em comparação aos gatos. O principal alimento fornecido aos animais de estimação é o alimento industriali-zado seco, entretanto, grande parte dos proprietários afirmaram não possuir conhecimento sobre a alimentação e não seguem um correto manejo nutricional dos animais domiciliados, apesar de terem sido instruídos por profissionais. Conclui-se que se faz necessário maior conscientização dos proprietários de cães e gatos sobre a importância do correto manejo alimentar dos animais domiciliados.

The objective of this research was to evaluate the nutritional management of dogs and cats domiciled in the city of Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil, based on the owners’ profile, by means of an applied questionnaire, obtaining information on the level of education related to the feeding offered to their animals, as well as the degree of knowledge about the importance of nutrition for the health of dogs and cats. According to the interviewees, in this municipality, the presence of dogs as pets was predominant compared to cats. However, most of the owners stated that they did not have knowledge about food and did not follow a correct nutritional management of the domiciled animals, despite having been instructed by professionals. We thus conclude that awareness must be raised among the owners of dogs and cats on the importance of the correct feeding management of domiciled animals.

Percepção de profissionais nutricionistas sobre a presença de hormônios de crescimento na avicultura de corte na capital Maceió, Alagoas, Brasil / Perception of nutritionists on the use of growth hormones in the broiler industry in Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil

Este trabalhoavaliou o nível de conhecimento de nutricionistas de Maceió, capital do estado de Alagoas, Brasil, quanto à presença de hormônios na criação de frangos de corte. Foram entrevistados 82 profissionais residentes da cidade. Dentre os entrevistados, 79,27% consideraram-se como mal informados quanto à composição das rações de frango, mas 54,87% afirmaram que a carne de frango continha hormônio, deixando evidente a sua falta de informação sobre alimentação e utilização de hormônios na dieta de frangos de corte. Existe, portanto, a necessidade de maior divulgação sobre a proibição da utilização de hormônios na produção de aves de corte.

This study evaluated the level of knowledge of nutritionists in Maceió, in the state of Alagoas, Brazil, regarding the myth of the use of hormones in broilers. Eighty-two nutritionists living in the city were interviewed and 79.27% of them considered themselves to be poorly informed about the composition of chicken diets, but 54.87% stated that chicken meat contains hormone, making evident the lack of information on feeding and hormone use in the diet of broilers. Thus, it is clear the need for greater exposure on the ban of the use of hormones in broiler production.

Manejo nutricional de cães e gatos domiciliados no município de Maceió, Alagoas, Brasil / Nutritional management of domiciled cats and dogs in the municipality of Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil

O objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar o manejo nutricional de cães e gatos domiciliados no município de Maceió, Alagoas, Brasil, com base no perfil dos proprietários, por meio de um questionário aplicado, ob-tendo informações sobre nível de instrução com relação à alimentação ofertada a seus animais, bem como o grau de conhecimento sobre a importância da nutrição para a saúde de cães e gatos. De acordo com os entrevistados, neste município a presença de cães como animais de estimação foi predominante em comparação aos gatos. O principal alimento fornecido aos animais de estimação é o alimento industriali-zado seco, entretanto, grande parte dos proprietários afirmaram não possuir conhecimento sobre a alimentação e não seguem um correto manejo nutricional dos animais domiciliados, apesar de terem sido instruídos por profissionais. Conclui-se que se faz necessário maior conscientização dos proprietários de cães e gatos sobre a importância do correto manejo alimentar dos animais domiciliados.(AU)

The objective of this research was to evaluate the nutritional management of dogs and cats domiciled in the city of Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil, based on the owners profile, by means of an applied questionnaire, obtaining information on the level of education related to the feeding offered to their animals, as well as the degree of knowledge about the importance of nutrition for the health of dogs and cats. According to the interviewees, in this municipality, the presence of dogs as pets was predominant compared to cats. However, most of the owners stated that they did not have knowledge about food and did not follow a correct nutritional management of the domiciled animals, despite having been instructed by professionals. We thus conclude that awareness must be raised among the owners of dogs and cats on the importance of the correct feeding management of domiciled animals.(AU)

Percepção de profissionais nutricionistas sobre a presença de hormônios de crescimento na avicultura de corte na capital Maceió, Alagoas, Brasil / Perception of nutritionists on the use of growth hormones in the broiler industry in Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil

Este trabalhoavaliou o nível de conhecimento de nutricionistas de Maceió, capital do estado de Alagoas, Brasil, quanto à presença de hormônios na criação de frangos de corte. Foram entrevistados 82 profissionais residentes da cidade. Dentre os entrevistados, 79,27% consideraram-se como mal informados quanto à composição das rações de frango, mas 54,87% afirmaram que a carne de frango continha hormônio, deixando evidente a sua falta de informação sobre alimentação e utilização de hormônios na dieta de frangos de corte. Existe, portanto, a necessidade de maior divulgação sobre a proibição da utilização de hormônios na produção de aves de corte.(AU)

This study evaluated the level of knowledge of nutritionists in Maceió, in the state of Alagoas, Brazil, regarding the myth of the use of hormones in broilers. Eighty-two nutritionists living in the city were interviewed and 79.27% of them considered themselves to be poorly informed about the composition of chicken diets, but 54.87% stated that chicken meat contains hormone, making evident the lack of information on feeding and hormone use in the diet of broilers. Thus, it is clear the need for greater exposure on the ban of the use of hormones in broiler production.(AU)